Munthu amatha kukumana ndi nkhono kulikonse. Kalasiyi imaphatikizapo nkhono, nkhono, ma oyster, ndi squids, ndi octopus. Ndizofunikanso kudziwa kuti nkhono zam'madzi zimakhala zachiwiri pambuyo pa ma arthropods. Lero, padziko lapansi pali mitundu pafupifupi 75-100. Mollusk iliyonse imakhala ndi zinthu zodabwitsa, ndipo zina zake zitha kukhala zodabwitsa.
Asayansi adatha kuzindikira kuti chigobacho cha bivalve mollusk chimakhala ndi kukula kwa mizere tsiku lililonse. Mukawawerenga, mudzapeza kuchuluka kwa masiku ndi miyezi mchaka. Kuyesera koteroko kunawonetsa kuti panali masiku ambiri pachaka ku Paleozoic kuposa tsopano. Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri azakuthambo komanso akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo.
Monga asayansi adakwanitsa kudziwa, nkhono wakale kwambiri, yemwe adagwidwa ndi munthu, adakhala zaka pafupifupi 405 ndipo ndiye amene adalandira ulemu wokhala m'madzi wakale kwambiri.
1. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini "mollusk" amatanthauza "zofewa".
2. Ku Cuba, tinakwanitsa kupeza mtundu wina wotchedwa mollusc wosangalatsa modabwitsa, womwe unkatulutsa kuwala ukakwiya. Ofufuza aku Spain ndi Cuba adazindikira izi akugwira ntchito pazilumbazi kuti aphunzire zam'madzi a Macaronesia mu 2000.
3. Mollusk wamkulu kwambiri anali amene anali wolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 340. Anagwidwa ku Japan mu 1956.
4. "Hell Vampire" ndiye mollusk yekhayo padziko lapansi omwe amakhala moyo wake m'madzi akuya 400 mpaka 1000 komanso pamaso pamadzi ochepa.
5. Zipolopolo zambiri zokhala ndi zipolopolo zimapanga ngale, koma ndi ma bivalve okha omwe amawawona kuti ndi amtengo wapatali. Pinctada mertensi ndi Pinctada margaritifera oyster ngale ndi abwino kwambiri.
6. Ku gombe lakum'mawa kwa United States, kuli nkhono zomwe zimawoneka mwapadera. Eastern Emerald Elysia ndi ofanana modabwitsa ndi tsamba lobiriwira lomwe limayandama pamadzi. Kuphatikiza apo, cholengedwa ichi chimagwira ntchito ya photosynthesis, monga momwe zomera zimachitira.
7. Chakudya chachikulu cha molluscs ndi plankton, yomwe imasefedwa ndi iwo m'madzi.
8. Zaka za mollusk iliyonse zimatha kudziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa mphete pa valavu ya chipolopolo. Mphete iliyonse imatha kusiyanasiyana ndi yapita chifukwa cha zakudya, kutentha, momwe zachilengedwe zilili komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'madzi.
9. Phokoso la m'nyanja m'makutu achikumbutso ndi phokoso la chilengedwe, lomwe limayamba kumvana ndi zipolopolo. Zomwezo zimachitika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo cha mollusk. Ndikokwanira kungoyika mugolo kapena kokhotakhota khutu lanu.
10. Bivalve molluscs ndi sitima. Mwachitsanzo, a Scallops, akamafinya mwamphamvu mavavu ndi kutulutsa madzi mumtsinje, amatha kusambira mtunda wautali. Chifukwa chake amabisala kwa nyenyezi zam'nyanja, zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi adani awo akulu.
11. Ziwombankhanga zakutha kwa brapana mzaka za m'ma 40 zaka za m'ma XX pamunsi mwa zombo zinachokera ku Nyanja ya Japan kupita ku Black Sea. Kuyambira pomwepo, adachulukirachulukirachulukira kotero kuti adatha kuthana ndi mamazelo, nkhono ndi ena opikisana nawo.
12. Kudera lachipululu cha Nazca, lomwe kale linkadziwika kuti nkhalango, zinali zotheka kupeza zipolopolo zopanda kanthu za mollusks.
13. M'nthawi zakale, ma mollusk anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ulusi wofiirira komanso wam'nyanja.
14. Posintha chipolopolo chawo, ma molluscs amatha kutentha thupi lawo, osalola kuti lifike pamlingo wopha madigiri 38 kuposa zero. Izi zimachitikanso mpweya ukatenthedwa mpaka madigiri a 42.
15. Molluscs amatha kuyenda mozungulira nyanja, chifukwa chake amatulutsa ntchofu zambiri, zomwe zimakhala chida chachikulu chothanirana ndi ziwombankhanga.
16. Ma molluscs ammonite, omwe adatha kalekale, anali mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Mpaka pano, chipolopolo chawo nthawi zina chimapezeka ndi anthu mumchenga komanso pansi panyanja.
17. Mitundu ina yam'madzi yotchedwa molluscs, monga ma slugs ndi nkhono, imagwira nawo ntchito yothira mungu mungu.
18. Mbalame yotchedwa octopus mollusc, yomwe imakhala kufupi ndi gombe la Australia, ndi yokongola mokwanira, koma ikaluma imatha kupha. The poizoni wa cholengedwa ichi ziphe za anthu 5-7 zikwi.
19. Ndizosangalatsanso kuti nyamayi ndi nkhono zanzeru. Amadziwa kusiyanitsa mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso kuzolowera anthu ndipo nthawi zina amakhala ofatsa. Nkhono zamtunduwu ndizoyera kwambiri. Nthawi zonse amasamalira ukhondo wanyumba zawo ndikusamba dothi lonse ndi madzi omwe amatulutsa. Amayika zinyalala panja pa "mulu".
20. Mitundu ina ya molluscs imakhala ndi miyendo yaying'ono, yomwe imafunika kuyendayenda. Mwachitsanzo, ma cephalopods, mwendo umakhala pafupi ndi zoyeserera. Mitundu ina ya mollusks imakhala ndi chipolopolo pathupi pake, chomwe chimateteza nyama iyi kuti isawonongeke.
21. Ngakhale zili choncho, ma molluscs ena ali ndi luntha. Mwachitsanzo, awa akuphatikizapo ma octopus.
22. Kutha kuberekanso kulikonse ndi kuthekera kwapadera kwa ma molluscs. Kwa iwo palibe kusiyana: padziko lapansi kapena madzi.
23. Pali zinsomba zambiri padziko lapansi. Zina mwazo ndizazing'ono komanso zamatenda. Zina ndi zazikulu ndipo zimatha kutalika mamita angapo.
24. Kuti adziteteze, ma cephalopods ambiri amayamba kutulutsa mtambo wa inki, kenako amasambira pansi pake. Chifukwa cha mdima womwe ukulamulira m'malo am'madzi, mbalame zakuya zam'madzi zotchedwa "hellish vampire" zimayesanso njira ina kuti ipulumuke. Ndi nsonga zakunyumba kwake, cholengedwa ichi chimatulutsa miyala ya bioluminescent, yomwe imapanga mtambo wonata wa mipira yowala yabuluu. Chophimba chofiyachi chimatha kugwedeza chilombo, kulola kuti nkhono zizithawa msanga.
25. Mollusk Arctica Islandica, yomwe imakhala munyanja ya Atlantic ndi Arctic, imatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 500. Ichi ndiye cholengedwa chamoyo chachitali kwambiri padziko lapansi.
26. Nkhono zamphamba ndizamphamvu kwambiri. Ngati munthu anali ndi mphamvu ngati zawo, ndiye kuti anthu olemera makilogalamu 50 amatha kukweza mosavuta katundu wolemera matani 0,5 molondola.
27. Gastropods, momwe chipolopolocho chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a turbo-helical, chimakhala ndi chiwindi kumapeto komaliza kwa helix.
28. Pafupipafupi, ulimi wa nkhono zidakonzedwa koyamba ku Japan ku 1915. Chofunika cha njirayi chinali kuyika tinthu pachipolopolo, pomwe mollusk imatha kupanga mchere. Njira yotereyi idapangidwa ndi Kokichi Mikimoto, yemwe pambuyo pake adatha kupeza patent pazomwe adapanga.
29. Wolemba mbiri mwa ma molluscs opanda mafupa ndi squid wamkulu. Kutalika kwake kwa thupi kumatha kukhala 20 mita. Maso ake amakwana masentimita 70 m'mimba mwake.
30. Octopus a Molluscs, omwe amatchedwanso octopus, ndi zolengedwa zokha padziko lapansi zomwe zimakhala m'madzi ndipo zimakhala ndi milomo ngati mbalame.
