Tower Leaning of Pisa amadziwika ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera kwa pafupifupi munthu aliyense wamkulu, chifukwa amalankhula za izi kusukulu. Ndi chimodzi mwazokopa kwambiri ku Italy. Kwa zaka zambiri, alendo sanaloledwe kulowa mnyumbayi, koma popeza "kugwa" kunalephereka, lero omwe akufuna kukwera nsanja ya belu ndikuyang'ana poyambira pa Park of Miracles.
Kutsamira Tower of Pisa Mwatsatanetsatane
Kwa iwo omwe sakudziwa komwe kuli nsanja yotsamira, ndikofunikira kupita mumzinda wa Pisa. Zojambula Zokopa: 43 ° 43'22 ″ s. sh. 10 ° 23'47 ″ mkati. e. Bell tower ndi gawo la Pisa Cathedral, yomwe ili mu Square of Miracles. Gulu lake limaphatikizapo:
- Cathedral wa Santa Maria;
- yopendekeka;
- malo obatizira;
- Manda a Santa Campo.
Kutalika kwamamita kumasiyanasiyana ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kutsetsereka: yayikulupo ndi 56.7 m, yaying'ono ndi 55.86 m.Mimba mwake ndi 15.5 mita. Belfry imalemera matani opitilira 14 zikwi. Momwe zimakhalira masiku ano mpaka 3 ° 54 '.
Mbiri yomanga ndi chipulumutso chake
Mbiri yakukhazikitsidwa kwa bell tower idatambasuka kwa zaka mazana ambiri, chifukwa kunali koyenera kufunafuna mayankho kuti nyumbayo isataye bata. Ntchito yomanga belu yamtsogolo idapangidwa ndi Bozanno Pisano, yemwe adayamba ntchito yomanga mu 1172. Pambuyo pomanga chipinda choyamba ndi zipilala ziwiri zam'munsi mwake, nyumbayo idayamba kugwera mbali imodzi. Pomwepo, dothi lomwe linali pansi kum'mwera chakum'mawa linali loumba, ndichifukwa chake lidakokoloka pansi pamadzi. Ntchito yomanga nsanjayi idayimitsidwa, ndipo mbuyeyo adasiya ntchitoyi asanamalize.
Pambuyo pake, nthaka pamaziko idalimbikitsidwa pang'ono, ndipo mu 1198 nyumbayo idatsegulidwanso kwa alendo. Ntchito yomanga belu idayambiranso mu 1233; patadutsa zaka 30, marble adabweretsedweratu. Pakutha kwa zaka za zana la 13, zipinda zisanu ndi chimodzi za Leaning Tower of Pisa zinali zitamangidwa kale, chifukwa chake nyumba yokhotakhota idayamba kuonekera bwino kumbuyo kwa nyumba zina, ndipo kusunthaku kunali kale 90 cm kuchokera olamulira. Yomangidwa kwathunthu m'zaka za zana la makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, kenako chipinda chachisanu ndi chitatu chokhala ndi lamba chidawonekera. Ngakhale kuti nsanjayo idamangidwa zaka zingati, chaka chovomerezeka chomangidwa sichidziwika bwino. Ena amati ndi 1350, ena amatanthauza 1372.
Anthu ambiri afunsa chifukwa chomwe nsanjayo imapendekeka, ndipo mpaka adanena kuti poyambapo amafunidwa. Koma zowonekazo zikutsimikizira izi, chifukwa ziwonetsero za nthaka sizidaganizidwe pakupanga mawonekedwe. Maziko adayalidwa kwambiri, pakuya kwa mita 3, yomwe m'nthaka yofewa ili ndi chiwonongeko. Bell tower sikugwa kokha chifukwa chakuti mpaka lero ntchito ikuchitika yolimbitsa maziko.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19, nzika zamzindawu zidadabwa kuti chikhomo chachikulu chidzagwa liti gawo lina lamunsi lidachotsedwa pazifukwa zokongoletsa. Kapangidwe kameneka kanayamba kuyenda chidendene mwamphamvu nthawi zambiri, ndipo kwa ambiri sichinali chodabwitsa kuti adakwanitsa kuchisunga.
Ntchito yogwira ntchito yolimbitsa maziko idayamba koyambirira kwa zaka za 20th ndipo ikupitabe mpaka pano. Choyamba, malowo adalimbikitsidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti isamenye madzi ndi simenti yamadzi, ndipo pambuyo pake zolemera zamtsogolo zidalumikizidwa pamitengo ya konkriti yochokera kumpoto, yomwe imayenera kukhazikika. Ntchito yayikulu idachitika ndi dothi: idatsukidwa pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndipo choyikapo chidayikidwa pansi pake. Zotsatira zake, Leaning Tower of Pisa idakhala momwe iwonekera masiku ano, malingaliro ake atsika ndi pafupifupi digiri imodzi ndi theka.
Choyang'ana mkati ndi mkati mwa nsanja ya belu
Mmodzi amangoyang'ana momwe nsanjayo imawonekera kunja, ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumafuna kuyitchula ku zodabwitsa za 7 zapadziko lapansi. Linapangidwa ndi miyala ya mabulosi, koma mabwalo otseguka a kalembedwe ka Gothic amapangitsa kamangidwe ka nsanjika zisanu ndi zitatu kukhala kosawoneka bwino kotero kuti palibe chithunzi chomwe chingawonetse kukongola kwake kwenikweni. Chipinda choyamba cha Leaning Tower of Pisa ndi chosamva, chokongoletsedwa ndi zipilala zokhala ndi mizati 15. Pamwamba pa chitseko pali chosema cha m'zaka za zana la 15 cha Mary ndi Mwana.
Malo asanu ndi amodzi ofanana amakhala osangalatsa ndi kapangidwe kake. Chipinda chilichonse chimakhala ndi zipilala 30 zomwe zimasanduka mabwalo otseguka, opanda mawonekedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa mawonekedwe ake kukhala owala kwambiri. Belfry wokongola amakongoletsedwa ndi zojambula zanyama zodabwitsa. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi mabelu angati omwe amaikidwa mkati, tiyenera kudziwa kuti alipo asanu ndi awiri, ndipo chachikulu kwambiri chimatchedwa L'Assunta (Assumption).
Campanile imasangalatsanso kuchokera mkati kuposa kunja. Makoma ake ali okongoletsedwa ndi zithunzi pazithunzi. Mukukwera pansi, mutha kupita kuzipinda zazitali za nsanja, iliyonse yomwe imabisala zinsinsi zake. Chiwembu cha masitepe opita ku nsanja ya belu chikuzungulira; Masitepe 294 amatsogolera pamwamba, kukula kwake kumachepa ndi chipinda chilichonse. Mawonekedwe mkati ndiwopatsa chidwi, zimawoneka ngati chilichonse chagwiritsidwa ntchito molimbika.
Kutsamira Nsanja ya Pisa
Pali nkhani yosangalatsa yofotokoza chifukwa chomwe nsanjayo idapendekeka. Malinga ndi iye, nyumbayi idapangidwa ndi mbuye wake Pisano, wokongola komanso wokongola, inali yowongoka, ndipo palibe chomwe chingawononge mawonekedwewo. Atamaliza ntchitoyi, womanga nyumba uja anapempha kuti amulipire, koma iwo anamukana. Mbuyeyo adakwiya, adatembenuka ndipo pamapeto pake adaponya kutsogolo kwa nsanjayo: "Nditsatireni!" Atangonena izi, chilengedwe chake, ngati kuti chimamvera, chinagwada pambuyo pa Mlengi.
Nthano ina imakhudzana ndi ntchito za Galileo Galilei. Olemba ena akuti asayansi wamkuluyu adagwetsa matupi a anthu osiyanasiyana kuchokera pa belu la belu kuti atsimikizire aphunzitsi kuchokera ku Yunivesite ya Pisa lamulo lokopa anthu onse.
Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga za Syuyumbike Tower.
Kuphatikiza apo, mbiri ya Galileo imawonetsa kuti zopereka zake ku fizikiki, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusuntha kwa pendulum, zimagwirizananso ndi zoyeserera zomwe zimachitika mu Leaning Tower of Pisa. Mpaka pano, izi zimayambitsa mikangano m'magulu asayansi, popeza ena amati izi ndi zongopeka, ena amatanthauza chidziwitso chazambiri.
Zodabwitsa za nsanja yotsamira
Zadziwika kuyambira mbiri yakale kuti kapangidwe ka kampanako sikakhazikika, ndichifukwa chake chimatsamira kumwera chaka chilichonse. Koma, ngakhale izi, belu lodziwika bwino silinawonongeke ndi zivomerezi, zomwe zachitika kale ku Tuscany kangapo.
Mfundo zosangalatsa zimakhudzanso Nyumba ya Nsomba, yomwe pakhoma pake pali chithunzi cha cholengedwa chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha Chikhristu. Mulibe denga mchipinda chino, ndipo alendo, akuyang'ana kumwamba, amatha kuwona thambo ngati kuti kudzera pa telescope yayikulu.
Zothandiza kwa alendo
Ngakhale kuti Eiffel Tower idamangidwa mu 1889, chidwi pa Leaning Tower of Pisa chikupitirirabe mpaka pano. Alendo akadali odabwa kuti chifukwa chiyani nsanja ya belu idamangidwa, m'dziko lomwe ilipo, ngati idzagwa konse komanso chifukwa chake yapendekeka. Akatolika amafuna kupanga belu lodabwitsa, lomwe silingafanane ndi mzikiti wina uliwonse, ndipo adakwanitsa kupanga chozizwitsa chenicheni chomwe chimalemba mbiri yake muzithunzi za alendo tsiku lililonse.
Adilesi ya Bell tower: Piazza dei Miracoli, Pisa. Kufika kubwaloli si kovuta, koma ndikofunikira kuyang'ana maola otsegulira pasadakhale. Zimasiyana osati kutengera nyengo, koma pamwezi, chifukwa chake mukamakonzekera tchuthi ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana nthawi yogwirira ntchito. Mukakhala mu Park of Miracles, simufunikanso kuyang'ana pomwe pali Tower Leaning of Pisa, chifukwa imawonekera poyera chifukwa chazokonda zake.
Pa ulendowu, adzafotokozera mwachidule mbiri ya belu tower, anene kutalika kwa belfry ndi zomwe amadziwika, koma chofunikira kwambiri sikuti kuphonya mwayi wokwera. Pamwamba pokha ndipamene mungasangalale ndi malo ozunguliridwa ndikudziwona nokha momwe nsanjayi imayimira komanso chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chapadera.
