Mwa zowoneka zonse ndi zinthu zapadera m'chigawo cha Moscow, Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve ikuyenera kusamalidwa mwapadera - imadziwika padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa chogwira ntchito yobwezeretsa njati. Malowa amasangalatsa okonda zachilengedwe, mabanja omwe ali ndi ana komanso anthu omwe alibe chidwi ndi chilengedwe. Mlendo aliyense kuderali ayenera kuyendera malowa; desiki yake imatsegulidwa tsiku lililonse.
Kodi malo osungiramo Prioksko-Terrasny ali kuti ndi otchuka?
Malo otetezedwawa ndi ocheperako kuposa nkhokwe zonse ku Russia, dera lomwe lili kubanki yakumanzere ya Oka silipitilira mahekitala 4945, gawo lake limakhala malo oyandikana nawo. Palibe mahekitala opitilira 4,710 omwe ali pansi pa chitetezo chapadera cha boma.
Malo omwewo ndi odziwika bwino ngati malo omaliza otsala m'chigawo cha Moscow okhala ndi chilengedwe choyera, makamaka chifukwa cholowa ku World Network of Biosphere Reserves (alipo 41 ku Russia) ndikugwira ntchito yobwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa njati zoyera komanso kufalikira kwa geni lawo.
Mbiri yakupezeka ndi chitukuko
Kufunika kobwezeretsa njati kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 kunali koonekeratu. Mu 1926, kunalibe anthu amoyo opitilira 52 m'malo osungira nyama padziko lapansi. Ntchito ya titanic mbali iyi idasokonezedwa ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, pomwe kumapeto kwake kudatsegulidwa madera apadera oteteza ndi nazale ku USSR ndi mayiko ena aku Europe. Panthawi yoyambiranso ntchito (06/19/1945), dera la Prioksko-Terrasny linali gawo la Moscow State Reserve pamodzi ndi ena 4, idalandira ufulu wodziyimira pawokha mu Epulo 1948.
Chifukwa cha zovuta zachuma komanso chitukuko cha zomangamanga, mu 1951 nkhokwe zonse, kupatula Prioksko-Terrasny m'chigawo cha Moscow, zidatsekedwa. Tsambali lomwe lili ndi zomera zosayembekezereka kum'mwera kwa Moscow ("Oka flora") lidasungidwa kokha chifukwa cha Central Bison Nursery yomwe idatsegulidwa pafupi.
Pozindikira kuopsa kwa zinthu ngati izi, asayansi ndi oyang'anira adayamba kufunafuna malo osungira zachilengedwe aboma ndikulowa m'malo ochezera a UNESCO. Khama lawo lidakwaniritsidwa mu 1979; pakadali pano, gawo la malowa likuwunikanso mosalekeza zisonyezo zachilengedwe ndikusintha kwamapangidwe achilengedwe pamadongosolo onse aku Russia komanso akunja.
Flora ndi zinyama za malo osungira a Prioksko-Terrasny
Ndikofunika kuyamba ndi zomera: pali malo osachepera 960 apamwamba, 93% ya gawoli limakhala ndi nkhalango zowirira komanso zosakanikirana. Zotsalirazi zimagwera m'nkhalango zakale za nkhwangwa, ndikubwezeretsanso zipilala za sphagnum ndi zidutswa za "Oka maluwa" - madera apadera a zitsamba m'madambo ndi zigwa za madzi osefukira pafupi ndi mtsinjewu. Mwa kusamalira magwiridwe antchito achilengedwe mosalekeza, kuyenda m'njira zachilengedwe ndizosangalatsa zokha.
Zinyama sizotsika kuposa zomera ndipo zimapitilira mwanjira ina: malo osungirako Prioksko-Terrasny ali ndi mitundu 140 ya mbalame, 57 zanyama, 10 amphibians ndi 5 zokwawa. Poganizira za dera laling'ono, pali nkhalango zambiri m'nkhalangoyi - mphalapala, mphalapala wofiira ndi sika, mbawala zimapezeka kulikonse ndipo zimawoneka makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Nguluwe zakutchire sizimawoneka kawirikawiri; nkhandwe ndiye nyama yolusa kwambiri m'derali. Anthu oyambirira m'derali - lagomorphs, agologolo, ermines, ferrets za m'nkhalango ndi makoswe ena amaimiridwa ndi mitundu 18 ndipo ndiofala.
Chofunikira kwambiri komanso kunyadira kwa malowa ndikukhala njati pafupifupi 50-60 ndi njati zisanu zaku America mdera lake. Zakale zimasungidwa moyandikana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe chawo pamalo okhala ndi mahekitala 200 kuti abwezeretse anthu, omalizawa - kuti apeze kafukufuku wokhudza kusintha kwa ziweto ndikuwonetsa nyama kwa alendo. Kuopseza kutha kwa mitunduyi kunali kopambana, popanda kupezeka kwa nazale yapakati ya malo osungira a Prioksko-Terrasny ndi madera ena otetezedwa m'maiko ena, mibadwo yotsatira idzawawona pazithunzi ndi zithunzi zokha.
Pazaka zonse za ntchito ya nazale, njati zoposa 600 zidabadwa ndikuleredwa, zokhalamo m'nkhalango za Russia, Belarus, Ukraine ndi Lithuania kuti abwezeretse gwero lachilengedwe. Pokhala ndi mwayi woti mutha kusunga nyama 60 kuseri kwa nazale, osapitilira 25 akulu amakhala komweko kwamuyaya. Ngakhale kuthetsedwa kwa chiwopsezo chodziwikiratu cha kutha kwa anthu awo pankhope ya Dziko Lapansi (oposa 2/3 a mitu 7000 amakhala kuthengo), ntchito yobwezeretsa njati kumalo achilengedwe ikupitilira, gulu la njati ndi loyamba mu Red Book of Russia. Mwachindunji ku Russian Federation, nyama zazing'ono zimasamutsidwa kunkhalango za madera a Smolensk, Bryankovsk ndi Kaluga, mwayi wopulumuka ndikubereka palokha ndiokwera kwambiri.
Momwe mungafikire ku nkhokwe
Mukamayenda ndi galimoto yanu kapena yobwereka, muyenera kutsogozedwa ndi adilesi: Dera la Moscow, Chigawo cha Serpukhovsky, Danki. Mukamachoka ku Moscow, muyenera kupita kumwera motsatira misewu ya E-95 ndi M2 kupita kuzizindikiro za Serpukhov / Danki ndi Zapovednik. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zoyendera pagulu, mseu ungatenge nthawi yayitali: choyamba, pa sitima muyenera kupita kokwerera. Serpukhov (pafupifupi maola awiri kuchokera pa siteshoni ya njanji ya Kursk), kenako ndi mabasi (njira nambala 21, 25 ndi 31, osachepera mphindi 35 panjira) - molunjika. "Sungani". Nthawi zoyambira mabasi sizabwino ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe ulendowu mwachangu posankha njirayi.
Zambiri kwa alendo
Malo otetezera zachilengedwe a Prioksko-Terrasny ndi otseguka kuti azitha kuyendera tsiku lililonse, kuyambira Lolemba mpaka Lachisanu maulendo akuyamba nthawi ya 11:00, 13:00 ndi 15:00, kumapeto kwa sabata komanso tchuthi - ola lililonse, kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 16:00. Maulendo apamodzi amayenera kuvomerezedwa pasadakhale, gululo limanyamuka malinga ndi gulu la achikulire 5 mpaka 30. Sizingatheke kulowa m'malo osungira opanda operekeza.
Mtengo wamatikiti umadalira njira yomwe yasankhidwa (ndi ma ruble osachepera 400 kwa akulu ndi 200 a ana azaka zapakati pa 7 mpaka 17). Kuyendera njira yokwezeka komanso malo osungira zachilengedwe amalipiridwa padera. Alendo azaka zakubadwa kusukulu amalowa mderalo kwaulere, malinga ndi zikalata zofunikira ndikupereka chiphaso potuluka.
Pokonzekera ulendo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuopsa kophonya gulu masabata ndi kusintha komwe kungachitike m'maola otsegulira tchuthi. Eco-trail "Kudzera masamba" ndi eco-park "Derevo-Dom" amatsekedwa m'nyengo yozizira, munthawi yomweyo tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala motentha momwe tingathere poyenda (maola 1.5-2 oyenda munyengo yotentha yapadziko lonse lapansi imalamulira mikhalidwe yawo, chivundikiro cha matalala m'malo osadziwika ukufika 50 cm). Simuyenera kukana ulendowu panthawiyi - ndi m'nyengo yozizira komanso yopanda nyengo pomwe ziweto zambiri zimapita kumalo omwetsera ziweto, mu njati ndi njati zam'madzi zotentha kwambiri.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane ku Tauric Chersonesos.
Pali malamulo okhwima pagawo lapaulendo (kuphatikiza kuletsedwa kwa ziweto ndi ziweto), zomwe cholinga chake ndikuteteza dera lapaderali ndikuwonetsetsa kuti alendo omwewo ali otetezeka, olakwira amalipiritsa chindapusa cha ruble 5,000.
Zosangalatsa ndi malingaliro
Ntchito Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve umalimbana kuteteza maofesi achilengedwe ndi zinthu, deta deta, kuswana njati ndi maphunziro zachilengedwe. Koma izi sizitanthauza kukana kukopa chidwi cha alendo; Komanso, mapulogalamu apadera ndi zopereka zidayambitsidwa kuti ziziwonjezera alendo. Chodabwitsa kwambiri mwa iwo chinali pulogalamu ya "Adopt a Bison" popereka chisamaliro cha pachaka cha munthu yemwe mumamukonda komanso dzina la njati yaying'ono. Nthawi yomweyo, oyang'anira samasiya lamulo loseketsa la International Crane Studbook lokhudza njati - mayina onse a anawo amayamba ndi masilabo "Mu" kapena "Mo".
Chidwi cha alendo obwera ku Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve chimakopedwanso ndi:
- Ma baluni othamanga ndi okwera mahatchi.
- Zochita zamtundu uliwonse, kuphatikiza Phwando Lachilengedwe Lonse Laku Russia ndi "masiku otseguka" a ntchito zodzipereka ndi omwe akuyenda. Zotsatsa zambiri ndi misonkhano ndi yapadziko lonse lapansi, zolengeza za aliyense wa iwo zimayikidwa patsamba lovomerezeka.
- Kutha kuyang'anira nyama pa nsanja ya 5-mita.
- Kufikira kwaulere zojambula za "Nyengo" zokhala ndi zithunzi za 3D za njati ndikuwonetsera mawonekedwe.
