Kwa apaulendo ambiri, tchuthi ku Crimea chimalumikizidwa ndi maulendo opita kuphiri la Ayu-Dag, lotchedwanso Bear Mountain. Sizingokhala zachilengedwe zokha, komanso malo osungira zakale zakale. Dzinali limakhala ndi mawu awiri achi Chitata achi Crimea ochokera ku Turkic.
Ili kuti phiri la Ayu-Dag
Mapangidwe a mapiri Ayu-Dag amadziwika kuti ndi kunyada kwa gombe lakumwera kwa Crimea. Phirili lazunguliridwa ndi Big Alushta ndi Big Yalta, midzi ya Gurzuf ndi Partenit. Kumbali ya Yalta, phirili likuyandikira msasa wotchuka "Artek", womwe kwa zaka zambiri wakhala chizindikiro chofunikira.
Ayu-Dag ndi kutalika kwa 570.8 m.Dera lake ndi 4 km kukula kwake. Pafupifupi 2.5 km pamwamba pa phiri ili mu Nyanja Yakuda. Zithunzizi zikuwonetsa kuti Phiri la Bear limawoneka bwino kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana pagombe la Black Sea.
Phirili limatchedwa ndi dzina lofanana ndi chimbalangondo chonama. Poterepa, "mutu" wa nyama yongoganiza imamizidwa m'madzi am'nyanja, ndipo "mbali" zake zimadzazidwa ndi nkhalango zowirira.
Momwe Phiri la Bear lidapangidwira
Ofufuzawo akuti phirili lidapangidwa zaka pafupifupi 150 miliyoni zapitazo. Nthawi imeneyi imagwera pakati pa nthawi ya Jurassic. Chifukwa cha kuwuka anali magma osungunuka amene anatuluka padziko lapansi, mogwirizana ndi zomwe Ayu-Dag imatengedwa phiri wapadera. Kuchokera pamwamba, mapangidwe amiyala amafundidwa ndi mchenga ndi dongo.
Pogwirizana ndi zodziwika bwino za mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe a Phiri la Bear, ndichizolowezi kuti tiwone ngati phiri "lolephera" - laccolith. Lero Ayu-Dag ali ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakale kwambiri ku South Coast.
Chuma chanji muchima
Ayu-Dag sali ngati mapiri ena a ku Crimea, omangidwa makamaka ndi miyala yamwala. Phirili limakhala ndi miyala yamiyala (gabbro-diabase, hornfels, diabase). Matumbo ake amadzaza ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. M'mapiri muli:
- chitsulo;
- ulendo;
- porphyriti;
- mphukira;
- ametusito.
Zonsezi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 18 ya mcherewu. Mwalawo, womwe umapanga gawo lalikulu la phirili, umakhala ndi utoto wokongola wobiriwira, womwe umakhala wokongola mwapadera pokonza. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti maimidwe a Red Square amapangidwa ndi gabbro-diabase. Komanso, mitsinje ya Mtsinje wa Moscow ili mkati mwake ndipo malo okwerera masitima apamtunda a Moscow amakongoletsedwanso nawo.
Zomera zam'deralo ndi zinyama ndizofanana. Ndi kwawo kwa nkhandwe zambiri, nkhandwe, mbira, agologolo, ma martens, abuluzi, njoka, nkhonya, akadzidzi ndi nyama zina. Kufotokozera za mitundu pafupifupi 44 ya zomera za phiri la Ayu-Dag zitha kupezeka patsamba la Red Book. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mapiko a nyanga, thundu, juniper, ndi jasmine zimamera paphirili. Kale mu February, matalala obiriwira amatuluka "kumbuyo" kwa mwalawo "chimbalangondo".
Mwala wamatanthwe amawerengedwa kuti ndi wokalamba wokhala m'malo awa (mitengo ina ili ndi zaka zosachepera 800, ndipo thunthu lamtengo limatha kufikira 1.5 mita) Komanso, pamakhala mtengo wina wokhalapo nthawi yayitali - pistachio yopepuka, yotchedwa turpentine kapena mtengo wa zonunkhira.
Mbiri yakale
M'dera la Bear Mountain, pali zipilala zambiri zakale, zoyimiridwa ndi mabwinja a malo opembedzerako zachikunja, zida zakale zamwala, manda a Akhristu oyamba, zotsalira za nyumba zakale. Chifukwa cha izi, Bear Mountain imadziwika kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa ofufuza mbiri.
M'zaka za VIII-XV. Pamapiri panali malo ambiri, panali nyumba ya amonke achikhristu. Malinga ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amavomereza, anthu adachoka paphiripo ndi 1423. Nthawi imeneyi idadziwika ndi chivomerezi chachikulu, chomwe chidapangitsa kuti m'derali madzi amvula asathere pang'onopang'ono.
M'masiku akale, Phiri la Ayu-Dag linali ndi dzina lina - Buyuk-Kastel (lotanthauzidwa kuti "linga lalikulu"). Mpaka pano, pamwamba pake, mabwinja a mpanda wakale womangidwa ndi Taurus adasungidwa.
Momwe mungafikire kuphiri
Ndikosavuta kufikira ku Bear Mountain kuchokera ku Alushta ndi Yalta mayendedwe. Pachiyambi choyamba, muyenera kupita kumudzi wa Lavrovy. Ngati opita kutchuthi akubwera kuchokera ku Yalta, malo oti "Manda" kutsatira Gurzuf adzakhala abwino. Poterepa, mutha kupita basi # 110 (njira "Yalta-Partenit"). Ulendo wochokera kumzinda kupita kuphiri umatenga pafupifupi mphindi 30 pafupifupi. Ndikosavuta kukwera phirili kuchokera potembenukira ku "Artek" - kuchokera apa msewu wa asphalt umatsogolera kumalo otchuka a Crimea.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane pa phiri la Ai-Petri.
Njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yofika kudera lamapiri odziwika ndi kuyenda pa trolleybus # 52 kuchokera ku Yalta. Mukachoka pagalimoto, muyenera kuyenda pafupifupi 800 m kulowera kotembenukira.
Kukwera pamwamba
Zambiri zamomwe mungakwerere kuphiri lodziwika bwino la Crimea zitha kukhala zothandiza. Khomo lanjira yokwera ili pafupi ndi chipatala cha Krym. Kuyenda pamwamba kumachitika pamalipiro. Kukwera ku Bear Mountain ndikokwera kokwanira, ndipo sikudzakhala kuyenda kosavuta. Mwapang'onopang'ono, ntchito yonse yotsatsa imatenga pafupifupi maola atatu. Panjira yonse yokaona alendo, mungapeze mitundu yambiri ya kebabs, malo omwera, koma kuti mugwire ntchito, alendo amalangizidwa kuti azitenga madzi ndi chakudya nawo.
M'malo ambiri munjira mutha kuyima kuti musangalale ndi malingaliro okongola a Partenit ndi malo ake, Cape Plaka. Komanso, njirayo imakhala yosalala, ndipo ndizotheka kuyendabe molimba mtima kwambiri. M'malo angapo, apaulendo amayenera kuyenda m'mphepete mwa phompho. Kuchokera apa mutha kuwona bwino momwe mafunde am'nyanja amaphulikira pamiyala pansipa. Chiwonetsero choterechi chidzakhala chosangalatsa kwa onse ofuna zosangalatsa.
Kukondana pang'ono pomaliza
Phiri la Ayu-Dag lili ndi nthano zambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo akuti: m'nthawi zakale, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Crimea, nyama zokha, zomwe zinkakhala ndi zimbalangondo zazikulu. Mwanjira ina mafunde adakokolola mtunda waung'ono, momwe munali mwana - kamtsikana kakang'ono. Mtsogoleri wa chimbalangondo adamusiya m'thumba lake, ndipo adaganiza zomulera ngati mwana wake. Mwanayo anakula atazunguliridwa ndi chikondi ndi chisamaliro, ndipo adakhala wokongola kwenikweni.
Tsiku lina, akuyenda m'mbali mwa nyanja, anaona ngalawa m'mphepete mwa madzi. Akuyandikira, mtsikanayo adapeza mwa iye unyamata wofooka. Zidachitika kuti mnyamatayo adathawa akapolowo ndipo akufuna kumasulidwa. Mtsikanayo adamubisa m'maso mwa chimbalangondo, ndikuyamba kumuyamwitsa mobisa. Posakhalitsa chikondi chinabuka pakati pa achinyamata. Adapanga bwato paokha ndipo adaganiza zosiya ufumu wa zimbalangondo limodzi.
Poona kuti zomwe amakonda zimasambira, nyamazo zinakwiya kwambiri. Osalimbika mtima kuyamba ulendo wawo, zimbalangondozi zidaganiza zakumwa madzi am'nyanja. Pomwe nyanja idayamba kuzama, bwatolo lidayamba kuyandikira kumtunda. Mtsikanayo anapempha kuti amuchitire chifundo, kenako anayamba kuyimba nyimbo zabwino. Nyama zidafewa, zidang'ambika pamadzi, ndipo mtsogoleri yekha sanasiye kumwa nyanja. Anagona kwa nthawi yayitali, akuyang'ana patali ndi bwato lomwe linali kubwerera limodzi ndi okonda, mpaka thupi lake linasandulika miyala, ubweya wake unakhala nkhalango yosadutsa, ndipo nsana wake unakhala nsonga ya phiri, lomwe pano limatchedwa Ayu-Dag.
