Nyumba yachifumu ndi park park ya Peterhof imawerengedwa ngati kunyada kwa dziko lathu, chikhalidwe, zachilengedwe komanso mbiri yakale. Anthu ochokera konsekonse padziko lapansi amabwera kudzawona malowa, omwe ndi cholowa cha bungwe lapadziko lonse la UNESCO.
Mbiri yakapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka nyumba yachifumu komanso gulu la parkh Peterhof
Lingaliro loti apange nyumba yachifumu yapadera komanso malo osungiramo malo omwe alibe zofanana padziko lapansi ndi za mfumu yayikulu Peter I. Maofesiwa adakonzedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati nyumba yanyumba yabanja lachifumu.
Ntchito yake yomanga inayamba mu 1712. Poyamba, ntchito yomanga gulu loyimba idachitika ku Strelna. Tsoka ilo, sikunali kotheka kuzindikira malingaliro amfumu pamalopo chifukwa cha zovuta zamadzi azitsime. Injiniya komanso ma hydraulic engineer a Burkhard Minnich adalimbikitsa Peter I kuti asamutse zomangamanga ku Peterhof, komwe zachilengedwe zinali zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito akasupewo chaka chonse. Ntchitoyi idasinthidwa ndipo idachitika mwachangu.
Kutsegulidwa kwakukulu kwa nyumba yachifumu ya Peterhof ndi park park kunachitika mu 1723. Ngakhale pamenepo, Great Peterhof Palace idamangidwa, nyumba zachifumu za Marly, Menagerie ndi Monplaisir, akasupe amodzi adayikidwa, kuphatikiza apo, Lower Garden idayikidwa ndikukonzekera.
Mapangidwe a Peterhof sanamalizidwe panthawi ya moyo wa Peter I, koma adapitilira mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20. Pambuyo pa Revolution ya Okutobala, zovuta zidakhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lanu idakhala mphindi yomvetsa chisoni m'mbiri yanyumba yachifumu komanso palimodzi. Asitikali a Nazi adalanda Leningrad ndi malo ake ozungulira, nyumba zambiri ndi akasupe a Peterhof zidawonongedwa. Adakwanitsa kupulumutsa gawo laling'ono lazowonetserako zonse zakale. Pambuyo pogonjetsa a Nazi, kumanganso ndi kukonzanso kwa Peterhof kunayamba pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Ikupitirirabe mpaka lero. Mpaka pano, pafupifupi zovuta zonse zakonzedwanso.
Nyumba Yachifumu Yaikulu
Grand Palace ili ndi malo apakati pakapangidwe ka nyumba yachifumu ndi park park ya Peterhof. Ndi nyumba imodzi yakale kwambiri ndipo poyambirira inali yaying'ono kukula. Panthawi ya ulamuliro wa Elizabeth I, kusintha kwakukulu kunachitika pakuwonekera kwa nyumba yachifumu. Pansi pake padawonjezeredwa, ndipo zinthu za "baroque wokhwima" zidawonekera kutsogolo kwa nyumbayo. Pali maholo pafupifupi 30 ku Grand Palace, mkati mwake mulinso zokongoletsa zojambulidwa, zojambulajambula ndi golide.
Paki yapansi
Lower Park ili kutsogolo kwa Great Peterhof Palace. Mundawo udagawika magawo awiri ndi njira yolowera kunyanja yolumikizana ndi Grand Palace ndi Gulf of Finland. Kapangidwe ka Garden Yotsikirapo kamayendetsedwa m'njira ya "French". Pakiyi palokha ndi kansalu kakang'ono; misewu yake imakhalanso yamakona atatu kapena trapezoidal.
Pakatikati mwa Lower Garden, kutsogolo kwa Grand Palace, kuli Grand Cascade. Zimaphatikizapo akasupe ovuta, zifanizo zosindikizidwa zakale ndi masitepe apamadzi. Udindo waukulu pakupanga kumaseweredwa ndi kasupe wa "Samson", yemwe ndege yake ndi 21 mita kutalika. Zakhala zikugwira ntchito kuyambira 1735, ndipo mkati mwa Great Patriotic War, monga nyimbo zambiri zanyumba yachifumu komanso malo osungira malo a Peterhof, idawonongeka kwambiri, ndipo chifanizo choyambirira cha Samson chidatayika. Pambuyo pa ntchito yobwezeretsa, munthu wokhazikitsidwa adayikidwa.
Kumadzulo kwa Lower Park, nyumba yayikulu ndi Marly Palace. Ndi nyumba yaying'ono yosanja kawiri yokhala ndi denga lokwera. Chipinda cham'nyumba yachifumu ndichokongola kwambiri komanso chokometsedwa chifukwa cha khonde lomwe limapangidwa ndi zingwe zowonda. Ili pakati pa mayiwe awiri pachilumba choyambirira.
Misewu itatu ikutambalala kuchokera ku Marly Palace kudutsa munda wonse, womwe umagwira gawo lofunikira pakupanga gulu lonse. Pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumuyo pali phiri lokongola la "Mountain Mountain", lomwe limakhala ndi masitepe otsegulira madzi, ndi akasupe awiri apamwamba.
Nyumba Yachifumu ya Monplaisir ili kum'mawa kwa Lower Park komwe kali pagombe la Gulf of Finland. Amapangidwa kalembedwe wachi Dutch. Monplaisir ndi nyumba yosanja yayitali komanso yazenera zazikulu. Pali munda wokongola wokhala ndi akasupe pafupi ndi nyumba yachifumu. Tsopano nyumbayi ili ndi zojambula zambiri za m'zaka za zana la 17-18, zomwe zimapezeka kwa alendo.
Peterhof Hermitage adamangidwa molingana ndi Nyumba Yachifumu ya Monplaisir. Pa nthawi ya Peter I, madzulo a ndakatulo ankachitika pano, maphwando ndi tchuthi adakonzedwa. Nyumbayi pakadali pano ili ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
Zina zokopa ku Lower Garden:
- Akasupe "Adam" ndi "Eva"... Amapezeka kumapeto osiyanasiyana a Marly Alley. Chodziwika ndi chakuti adasungabe mawonekedwe awo osasintha kuyambira nthawi ya Emperor Peter I.
- Kasupe "Pyramid"... Ndi amodzi mwa nyumba zochititsa chidwi komanso zoyambirira ku Peterhof. Pakatikati pake, ndege yamphamvu, yomenya mpaka kumtunda waukulu, pansi pamizere yama jets imapanga milingo 7 yotsatizana.
- Cascade "Phiri la Chess"... Pamwambapa pali grotto ndi ziboliboli zitatu zanjoka, zomwe madzi ake amayenda pachibwano. Imayenda m'mbali mwazitali zinayi zooneka ngati tchende ndipo imayenderera mu dziwe laling'ono lozungulira.
- East ndi West Aviaries... Ndiwo mahema otengera gazebos ku Versailles. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mzikiti ndipo ndi wokongola kwambiri. M'chilimwe, mbalame zimaimba pano, ndipo dziwe limayikidwa pafupi ndi khomo lakum'mawa.
- "Mkango" ukugwera... Ili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa kakhwalala kochokera ku Hermitage. Gulu loyimba limapangidwa ngati kachisi waku Greece wakale wokhala ndi zipilala zazitali. Pakatikati pali chosemedwa cha nymph Aganippa, ndipo mbali mwake pali zifanizo za mikango.
- Akasupe achiroma... Zimamangidwa mozungulira kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa phiri "Chess Mountain". Madzi awo amapita mpaka 10 mita.
Pamwamba paki
Upper Park ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri m'nyumba yachifumu komanso pagulu la Peterhof ndipo lili kuseli kwa Great Peterhof Palace. Idagonjetsedwa nthawi ya Emperor Peter I ndipo idakhala ngati munda wake. Maonekedwe apakiyo adapangidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18. Apa ndipamene akasupe oyamba adayamba kugwira ntchito pano.
Kasupe wa Neptune ndiye cholumikizira chapakati pakupanga kwa Upper Garden. Ndizolembedwa ndi chifanizo cha Neptune pakati. Pozungulira pake, pamiyala yaying'ono, pali pafupifupi 30. Madzi amayenda mu dziwe lalikulu lamakona anayi.
Pafupi ndi khomo lalikuru la Upper Park, alendo adzawona kasupe wa Mezheumny. Zolembazo zili pakatikati pa dziwe lozungulira. Amakhala ndi chifanizo cha chinjoka chamapiko chozunguliridwa ndi ma dolphin anayi omwe akutuluka.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane ku Winter Palace.
Kasupe wakale kwambiri ku Upper Garden amadziwika kuti ndi Oak. M'mbuyomu, thundu lotsogolera linali gawo lalikulu pakupanga. Tsopano kasupe wasintha kwathunthu, ndipo pakati pa dziwe lozungulira pali chifanizo cha Cupid.
Malo ena odabwitsa paki yakumtunda ndi akasupe a Madziwe a Square. Maiwe awo, opangidwa ndi akatswiri a zomangamanga, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira nthawi ya Peter Wamkulu ngati malo osungira madzi ku Lower Park. Masiku ano, malo ofikirako amakhala ndi zifanizo "Masika" ndi "Chilimwe".
Zambiri kwa alendo
Pokonzekera ulendo wopita ku St. Petersburg, ndibwino kuti musankhe nthawi kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembara. Munali mkati mwa miyezi iyi pomwe akasupe amagwirira ntchito ku Peterhof. Chaka chilichonse, koyambirira kwa Meyi komanso theka lachiwiri la Seputembara, ku Peterhof kumachitika zikondwerero zazikulu zotsegulira ndi kutseka akasupe. Amatsagana ndi zochitika zokongola, zisudzo za akatswiri odziwika bwino ndipo zimathera ndi ziwonetsero zozizwitsa zamoto.
Nyumba yachifumu ya Peterhof ndi park park ili pamtunda wa makilomita 29 kuchokera ku St. Alendo amatha kugula maulendo pasadakhale ndikuyenda ngati gulu. Mutha kudzionera nokha a Peterhof ndikugula tikiti ku box office kale pomwepo. Sizingakhale zovuta, chifukwa mutha kufika pano pa sitima, basi, taxi ngakhalenso pamadzi.
Mtengo wa tikiti yolowera ku Lower Park ya Peterhof kwa akulu ndi ma ruble 450, kwa akunja khomo ndilokwera mtengo kawiri. Pali kuchotsera kwa omwe adzapindule. Ana ochepera zaka 16 amaloledwa kwaulere. Simusowa kugula tikiti kuti mufike ku Upper Park. Maola otsegulira nyumba yachifumu ndi mapaki amasonkhana tsiku lililonse la sabata kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 20:00. Amagwira ntchito ola limodzi Loweruka.
Nyumba yachifumu ndi park park ya Peterhof ndi amodzi mwamalo omwe muyenera kuwona ndi maso anu. Palibe chithunzi chimodzi chomwe chingapereke kukongola, chisomo ndi ukulu wa chinthu chodziwika bwino mdziko lathu.
