Heinrich Müller

Heinrich Müller (1900 - mwina Meyi 1945) - Chief of the secret state police (4th department of RSHA) of Germany (1939-1945), SS Gruppenfuehrer and Police Lieutenant General.

Adawerengedwa kuti ndi m'modzi mwa anthu achinsinsi kwambiri pakati pa Anazi. Popeza kuti imfa yake sinakhazikitsidwe bwino, izi zidadzetsa mphekesera komanso malingaliro ambiri okhudza komwe anali.

Monga mtsogoleri wa Gestapo, Müller adachita nawo pafupifupi milandu yonse ya apolisi achinsinsi komanso dipatimenti yachitetezo (RSHA), ndikuwopseza a Gestapo.

Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Heinrich Müller, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya Mueller.

Mbiri ya Heinrich Müller

Heinrich Müller adabadwa pa Epulo 28, 1900 ku Munich. Anakulira m'banja la a Gendarme wakale Alois Müller ndi mkazi wake Anna Schreindl. Iye anali ndi mlongo wake yemwe anamwalira atangobadwa kumene.

Ubwana ndi unyamata

Heinrich ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 6, adapita kalasi yoyamba ku Ingolstadt. Patatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, makolo ake adamutumiza kusukulu yogwira ntchito ku Schrobenhausen.

Müller anali wophunzira waluso, koma aphunzitsi amalankhula za iye ngati mwana wowonongeka yemwe amakonda kunama. Atamaliza kalasi ya 8, adayamba kugwira ntchito yophunzitsira ku fakitale ya ndege ku Munich. Panthawiyi, nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse (1914-1918) idayamba.

Pambuyo 3 zaka mnyamatayo anaganiza zopita kutsogolo. Atamaliza maphunziro ankhondo, Heinrich adayamba kugwira ntchito yoyendetsa ndege. M'chaka cha 1918 adatumizidwa ku Western Front.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Mueller wazaka 17 adazunza Paris yekha, ndikuyika moyo wake pachiswe. Chifukwa cha kulimba mtima kwake adapatsidwa Iron Cross ya digiri yoyamba. Nkhondo itatha, adagwira ntchito kwakanthawi ngati wonyamula katundu, pambuyo pake adalowa apolisi.

Ntchito ndi ntchito zaboma

Kumapeto kwa 1919, Heinrich Müller anali mthandizi wapolisi. Pambuyo pazaka 10, adagwirira ntchito apolisi andale ku Munich. Mwamunayo amayang'anira atsogoleri achikomyunizimu, akumenyana ndi mabungwe omwe amagwirizana nawo.

Mwa anzawo, Mueller analibe abwenzi apamtima, chifukwa anali wokayikira komanso wonyansa kwambiri. Monga wapolisi pa mbiri ya 1919-1933. sanatchule chidwi chake.

Anazi atayamba kulamulira mu 1933, abwana a Heinrich anali Reinhard Heydrich. Chaka chotsatira, Heydrich adalimbikitsa Müller kuti apitilize kutumikira ku Berlin. Apa mwamunayo adakhala SS Untersturmführer, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri - SS Obersturmbannführer ndi Chief Inspector of Police.

Komabe, m'malo atsopanowa, Mueller anali ndiubwenzi wovuta kwambiri ndi atsogoleri. Anamuimba mlandu wolakwa komanso kumenya nkhondo yolimba kumanzere. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, anthu a m'nthawi yake adanena kuti kuti apindule yekha, akanakhala akuzunza olondola ndi changu chomwecho, pokhapokha kuti atamandidwe ndi akuluakulu.

Heinrich adaimbidwanso mlandu woti sanalekerere anthu omwe anali pafupi naye omwe amamulepheretsa kupititsa patsogolo ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, adalandira mosavuta kutamandidwa chifukwa cha ntchito yomwe samachita nawo.

Ndipo, ngakhale otsutsana ndi anzawo, Müller adatsimikizira kupambana kwake. Atakumana ndi vuto lochokera ku Munich, adakwanitsa kudumpha masitepe atatu nthawi yomweyo. Zotsatira zake, waku Germany adapatsidwa ulemu wa SS Standartenfuehrer.

Munthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake, Heinrich Müller adalengeza kuti atuluka mu tchalitchi, akufuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za Nazi. Izi zidakwiyitsa makolo ake kwambiri, koma kwa mwana wawo wamwamuna, ntchito inali yoyamba.

Mu 1939, Mueller adakhala membala wa NSDAP. Pambuyo pake, anapatsidwa udindo wa mtsogoleri wa Gestapo. Patatha zaka zingapo adakwezedwa paudindo wa SS Gruppenfuehrer ndi Lieutenant General of Police. Inali nthawi imeneyi yonena kuti adatha kuwonetsa kuthekera kwake.

Chifukwa cha luso lake komanso nzeru zake, Heinrich adatha kupeza zambiri zothandiza za membala aliyense wapamwamba wa NSDAP. Chifukwa chake, anali ndi umboni wotsutsana ndi a Nazi otchuka monga Himmler, Bormann ndi Heydrich. Ngati ndi kotheka, amatha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zadyera.

Pambuyo pa kuphedwa kwa Heydrich, Müller adakhala pansi pa Ernst Kaltenbrunner, akupitilizabe kuthandizira kuponderezana ndi adani a Ulamuliro Wachitatu. Iye mopanda chifundo anachitira ndi otsutsa, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Anazi adadzipatsa zikalata zoyenera ndi nyumba zowonekera, zomwe zili pafupi ndi nyumba ya Hitler. Pofika nthawiyo, anali ndi zochitika m'manja mwake kwa membala aliyense wa Reich, mwayi woti iye ndi Fuehrer okha ndi omwe anali nawo.

Müller adatenga nawo gawo pozunza ndikuwononga Ayuda ndi mayiko ena. Panthawi yankhondo, adatsogolera ntchito zambiri zomwe cholinga chake chinali kupha akaidi m'misasa yachibalo. Iye anali ndi mlandu wakupha mamiliyoni a anthu osalakwa.

Kuti akwaniritse zolinga zake, Heinrich Müller mobwerezabwereza amagwiritsa ntchito milandu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti othandizira a Gestapo adagwira ntchito ku Moscow, kutolera zambiri kwa abwana awo. Anali munthu wochenjera komanso wanzeru kwambiri wokumbukira mozama komanso woganiza mozama.

Mwachitsanzo, Müller adayesetsa kupewa magalasi amakamera, ndichifukwa chake masiku ano pali zithunzi zochepa za Nazi. Izi zidachitika chifukwa choti akagwidwa, mdaniyo samatha kuzindikira kuti ndi ndani.

Kuphatikiza apo, Heinrich anakana kulemba tattoo pagazi lake kumanja, komwe maofesala onse a SS anali nawo. Monga nthawi idzadziwire, kuchita moganiza koteroko kumabala zipatso. M'tsogolomu, asitikali aku Soviet Union adzapambana powerengera maofesala aku Germany okhala ndi ma tattoo otere.

Moyo waumwini

Mu 1917, Müller adayamba kusamalira mwana wamkazi wa mwini nyumba yosindikiza komanso yosindikiza, Sofia Dischner. Patatha pafupifupi zaka 7, achinyamata adaganiza zokwatirana. Muukwati uwu, mwana wamwamuna Reinhard ndi msungwana Elisabeth adabadwa.

Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti mtsikanayo sanali wokonda National Socialism. Komabe, sipangakhale funso la chisudzulo, chifukwa izi zidakhudza mbiri ya wamkulu wa SS. Malinga ndi magwero ena, a Henry anali ndi akazi olakwika.

Kumapeto kwa 1944, mwamunayo adasamutsira banja lake kudera lotetezeka ku Munich. Sofia adakhala ndi moyo wautali, akumwalira mu 1990 ali ndi zaka 90.

Imfa

Heinrich Müller ndi m'modzi mwa a Nazi omwe ali ndi maudindo ochepa omwe adapulumuka kukhothi ku Nuremberg. Pa Meyi 1, 1945, adawonekera pamaso pa Fuehrer atavala mokwanira, akunena kuti anali wokonzeka kupereka moyo wake m'malo mwa Hitler ndi Germany.

Usiku wa Meyi 1-22, 1945, gulu lankhondo la Nazi linayesa kutuluka mphete ya Soviet. Kenako, Henry anakana kuthawa, pozindikira zomwe ukapolowo ungakhale kwa iye. Sizikudziwika kuti Mueller anamwalira liti komanso liti.

Pakutsuka kwa Reich Ministry of Aviation pa Meyi 6, 1945, mtembo wa munthu unapezeka, mu yunifolomu yake panali satifiketi ya Gruppenführer Heinrich Müller. Komabe, akatswiri ambiri anavomereza kuti kwenikweni fascist anatha kupulumuka.

Panali mphekesera zosiyanasiyana zomwe akuti amamuwona ku USSR, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil ndi mayiko ena. Kuphatikiza apo, malingaliro adanenedwa pofotokoza kuti anali wothandizila ku NKVD, pomwe akatswiri ena adati atha kugwira ntchito ku Stasi, apolisi achinsinsi a GDR.

Malinga ndi atolankhani aku America, Mueller adalembedwa ntchito ndi US CIA, koma izi sizikugwirizana ndi zowona.

Zotsatira zake, kumwalira kwa Mnazi wochenjera komanso woganiza bwino kumayambitsabe kutsutsana. Ndipo komabe, ndizovomerezeka kuti Heinrich Müller adamwalira pa Meyi 1 kapena 2, 1945, ali ndi zaka 45.