Mabishopu Kirill (mdziko lapansi Vladimir Mikhailovich Gundyaev; mtundu. Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia kuyambira pa 1 February, 2009. Asanakhazikitsidwe pampando wachifumu - Metropolitan of Smolensk ndi Kaliningrad.
Mu nthawi ya 1989-2009. adakhala wapampando wa Sinodi ya Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Maubale Akunja ndipo anali membala wampingo wa Holy Synod. Mu Januwale 2009, adasankhidwa kukhala Patriarch of Moscow ndi All Russia ndi Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya kholo lakale Kirill, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Vladimir Gundyaev.
Mbiri ya Patriarch Kirill
Patriarch Kirill (aka Vladimir Gundyaev) adabadwa pa Novembala 20, 1946 ku Leningrad. Anakulira m'banja la Orthodox Archpriest Mikhail Vasilyevich ndi mkazi wake Raisa Vladimirovna, yemwe anali mphunzitsi wa Chijeremani.
Kuwonjezera Vladimir, Gundyaev anabadwa mu banja Nikolai ndi mtsikana Elena. Kuyambira ali mwana, kholo lakalelo limadziwa ziphunzitso ndi miyambo ya Orthodox. Monga ana onse, anaphunzira kusekondale, kenako anaganiza zopita ku Leningrad Theological Seminary.
Kenako mnyamatayo adapitiliza maphunziro ake ku theological academy, komwe adaphunzira maphunziro ake mu 1970. Pofika nthawiyo anali atapatsidwa kale monk, chifukwa chake adayamba kutchedwa Cyril.
Kuyambira pano mu mbiri yake pomwe Cyril adayamba kukulitsa ntchito yake ngati mtsogoleri wachipembedzo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti zaka zingapo pambuyo pake akasankhidwa kukhala kholo la Moscow ndi All Russia, adzakhala kholo loyamba kubadwa ku Soviet Union.
Bishopu
Mu 1970, Kirill adateteza bwino zomwe adalemba, pambuyo pake adapatsidwa digiri ya ofuna kusankha zamulungu. Chifukwa cha ichi, adatha kuchita nawo ntchito zophunzitsa.
Chaka chotsatira, mnyamatayo adakwezedwa pamlingo wa archimandrite, komanso adapatsidwa udindo woimira Moscow Patriarchate ku World Council of Churches ku Geneva. Patatha zaka zitatu, adatsogolera maphunziro a zaumulungu ndi maphunziro ku Leningrad.
Tili mu positi, Kirill adasintha zina zofunika. Makamaka, adakhala woyamba m'mbiri ya Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox chomwe chidakhazikitsa gulu lapadera la atsikana - "amayi" amtsogolo. Komanso, mwa dongosolo lake, maphunziro akuthupi adayamba kuphunzitsa m'masukulu.
Mlalikiyo ali ndi zaka 29, adasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa diocesan Council of Leningrad Metropolitanate. Patapita miyezi ingapo, adalowa komiti ya World Council of Churches.
M'chaka cha 1976, Kirill adaikidwa kukhala bishopu wa Vyborg, ndipo patatha chaka ndi theka, adakhazikitsidwa kukhala bishopu wamkulu. Pasanapite nthawi, anapatsidwa udindo woyang'anira madera a makolo ku Finland.
Mu 1983, bambo wina adaphunzitsa zamulungu ku Moscow Theological Academy. Chaka chotsatira iye amakhala Bishopu wa Vyazemsky ndi Smolensk. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, adakhala membala wa Sinodi Yoyera, chifukwa chake adatenga nawo gawo pazokonzanso za Orthodox komanso nkhani zachipembedzo.
Mu February 1991, chochitika chachikulu chidachitika mu mbiri ya Cyril - adakwezedwa pamlingo waukulu. M'zaka zotsatira, adapitilizabe kukwera pantchito, kudziwika kuti amapanga mtendere. Adapatsidwa Mphotho ya Lovia katatu chifukwa choteteza ndi kulimbikitsa mtendere padziko lapansi.
Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (ROC MP) idayamba kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu zaboma. Kenako, Cyril adakhala m'modzi mwa oimira owoneka bwino kwambiri mu Mpingo. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwake, zinali zotheka kuphatikiza ROC ndi ma parishi akunja, komanso kukhazikitsa ubale ndi Vatican.
Akatolika
Kuchokera mu 1995, Kirill wakhala akugwira bwino ntchito ndi akuluakulu a ku Russia, ndipo wakhala akugwira nawo ntchito yophunzitsa pa TV. Pambuyo pake, limodzi ndi anzawo, adatha kukhazikitsa lingaliro la ROC pokhudzana ndi ubale wamatchalitchi.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti mu 2000 zikhazikike zofunikira za Social Concept za ROC. Patriarch Alexy II atamwalira patatha zaka 8, Metropolitan Kirill adasankhidwa kukhala locum tenens. Chaka chotsatira adasankhidwa kukhala Patriarch 16 wa Moscow ndi All Russia.
Purezidenti ndi Prime Minister waku Russia athokoza a Patriarch posankhidwa posachedwa ndipo afotokoza chiyembekezo chawo chothandizana pakati pa Mpingo ndi boma. Kuphatikiza apo, atsogoleri achipembedzo ambiri, kuphatikiza Papa Benedict XVI, adayamika Cyril.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mpaka lero, mabishopu Kirill nthawi zambiri amayendera malo osiyanasiyana opatulika, amalumikizana ndi atsogoleri adziko lonse, amatenga nawo mbali m'mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi ndikuchita ntchito zina. Ali ndi mbiri yophunzira kwambiri komanso wokhoza kutsutsana ndi zomwe amalankhula komanso kunena.
Mu 2016, chochitika chachikulu chidachitika mu mbiri ya kholo lakale Kirill. Atapita ku Cuba, adakumana ndi Papa Francis. Chochitikachi chidakambirana padziko lonse lapansi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti uwu unali msonkhano woyamba wamilingo iyi m'mbiri yonse ya Mipingo yaku Russia ndi Roma, pomwe mgwirizano udasainidwa.
Zosokoneza
Mkulu wa mabishopu Kirill nthawi zambiri ankapezeka kuti ali pakati pa zochititsa manyazi. Anamuimbira mlandu wogulitsa fodya komanso mowa m'zaka zoyambirira za 90, komanso chinyengo chamisonkho.
Malinga ndi mtsogoleri wachipembedzo uja ndi omutsatira, milandu yotere ndiyokwiyitsa. Anthu omwe amafalitsa uthengawu amafuna kuti awononge mbiri ya kholo lawo. Nthawi yomweyo, Kirill sanasumire mlandu kwa atolankhani omwe amamuneneza.
Nthawi yomweyo, bwanayu adadzudzulidwa ndipo akupitilizabe kunyozedwa chifukwa chokhala moyo wapamwamba, zomwe ndizosemphana ndi malamulo amatchalitchi.
M'chaka cha 2018, chipwirikiti chidayamba ku Bulgaria. Vladyka adati mtsogoleri wa dziko lino, a Rumen Radev, amapeputsa dala udindo wa Russia kumasula Bulgaria kuchokera m'goli la Ottoman. Poyankha, Prime Minister waku Bulgaria adati munthu amene adakhalapo mu KGB alibe ufulu wouza aliyense zoyenera kunena kapena zochita.
Moyo waumwini
Malinga ndi ovomerezeka m'matchalitchi, kholo lawo alibe ufulu woyambitsa banja. M'malo mwake, amayenera kuyang'anira nkhosa zake zonse, kuzisamalira.
Kuphatikiza pa zochitika zampingo komanso kutenga nawo mbali zachifundo, Kirill amatenga gawo lofunikira pandale zaboma. Alipo pafupifupi pamisonkhano yayikulu yonse, pomwe amafotokoza malingaliro a Tchalitchi pankhani yakukula kwa Russia.
Nthawi yomweyo, mwamunayo amalemba mabuku ofotokoza za Mpingo wa Chikhristu ndi mgwirizano wa Orthodox. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti akutsutsana ndi kuberekera amayi ena.
Mabishopu Kirill lero
Tsopano kholo limapitiliza kukulitsa ROC, kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri amapita kumatchalitchi osiyanasiyana, amapita kukachisi wa Orthodox ndikulimbikitsa Orthodox.
Osati kale kwambiri, Kirill adalankhula zoyipa popereka mwayi kwa autocephaly ku Ukraine. Kuphatikiza apo, adalonjeza kuti athetsa ubale ndi Ecumenical Patriarchate ngati Patriarch Bartholomew sasintha malingaliro ake pa kudziyimira pawokha kwa Tchalitchi cha ku Ukraine.
Malinga ndi a Vladyka, "Unification Council" ku Ukraine ndi msonkhano wotsutsana ndi malamulo, ndichifukwa chake zisankho zawo sizingakhale zofunikira mdziko muno. Komabe, lero wolamulirayo alibe mwayi wothandizirayo.
Malinga ndi akatswiri angapo, ngati maphwando alephera kupeza mgwirizano, izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto. Patriarchate wa ku Moscow atha kutaya pafupifupi 30% yama parishi ake onse, zomwe zingayambitse kugawanika mu "Mpingo wodziwika wa Russia."
Chithunzi cha Patriarch Kirill
