Elizabeth kapena Erzhebet Bathory wa Eched kapena Alzhbeta Batorova-Nadashdi, amatchedwanso Chakhtitskaya Pani kapena wamagazi Countess (1560-1614) - wowerengeka waku Hungary wochokera kubanja la Bathory, komanso wolemekezeka kwambiri ku Hungary nthawi yake.
Adatchuka chifukwa cha kupha kwapafupipafupi atsikana achichepere. Wolemba mu Guinness Book of Records ngati mkazi yemwe adapha anthu ambiri - 650.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Bathory, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, musanakhale ndi mbiri yayifupi ya Elizabeth Bathory.
Wambiri Bathory
Elizabeth Bathory adabadwa pa Ogasiti 7, 1560 mumzinda waku Nyirbator ku Hungary. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja lolemera.
Abambo ake, György, anali mchimwene wa bwanamkubwa wa Transylvanian Andras Bathory, ndipo amayi ake a Anna anali mwana wamkazi wa kazembe wina, Istvan 4. Kuphatikiza pa Elizabeth, makolo ake anali ndi atsikana ena awiri ndi wamwamuna m'modzi.
Elizabeth Bathory adakhala ali mwana ku Eched Castle. Munthawi yamabukuyi adaphunzira Chijeremani, Chilatini ndi Chi Greek. Msungwanayo nthawi ndi nthawi anali kudwala khunyu mwadzidzidzi, mwina chifukwa cha khunyu.
Kugonana pachibale kumakhudza mkhalidwe wabanja. Malinga ndi magwero ena, aliyense m'banja la Bathory adadwala khunyu, schizophrenia komanso uchidakwa.
Ali wamng'ono, Bathory nthawi zambiri ankakwiya kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti iye ankati Calvinism (imodzi mwa magulu achipembedzo a Chiprotestanti). Anthu ena olemba mbiri yakale amati kukhulupirika kwa chikhulupiriro komwe kumayambitsa kuphedwa kumeneku.
Moyo waumwini
Bathory ali ndi zaka 10 zokha, makolo ake adakwatirana ndi mwana wawo wamkazi kwa Ferenc Nadashdi, mwana wa Baron Tamash Nadashdi. Patatha zaka zisanu, ukwati wa mkwati ndi mkwatibwi udachitika, pomwe panali alendo zikwizikwi.
Nadashdi adapatsa mkazi wake Chakhtitsa Castle ndi midzi 12 yozungulira. Atakwatirana, Bathory anali yekhayekha kwa nthawi yayitali, popeza mwamuna wake amaphunzira ku Vienna.
Mu 1578 Ferenc adapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera asitikali aku Hungary pomenya nkhondo ndi Ottoman. Pomwe mwamuna wake anali kumenya nkhondo, mtsikanayo anali pabanja ndipo amayang'anira zochitika. Muukwati uwu, ana asanu ndi mmodzi adabadwa (malinga ndi zomwe zina, asanu ndi awiri).
Ana onse a Magazi a Countess adaleredwa ndi governesses, pomwe iye sankawapatsa chidwi chokwanira. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti malinga ndi mphekesera, Bathory wazaka 13, ngakhale asanakwatirane ndi Nadashdi, adatenga pakati pa wantchito wotchedwa Sharvar Laszlo Bendé.
Ferenc atazindikira izi, adalamula kuti atole Benda, ndipo adalamula kuti mwana wamkazi, Anastasia, apatukane ndi Elizabeth kuti apulumutse banja ku manyazi. Komabe, kusowa kwa zikalata zodalirika zotsimikizira kukhalapo kwa msungwanayo kungasonyeze kuti akadaphedwa ali wakhanda.
Mwamuna wa Bathory atatenga nawo gawo pa Nkhondo Ya Zaka Makumi Atatu, mtsikanayo adasamalira malo ake, omwe adawukiridwa ndi anthu aku Turkey. Pali milandu yambiri yodziwika pomwe amateteza amayi osalemekezedwa, komanso omwe ana awo aakazi adagwiriridwa komanso kutenga pakati.
Mu 1604 Ferenc Nadashdi adamwalira, yemwe panthawiyo anali ndi zaka pafupifupi 48. Madzulo a imfa yake, adapatsa Count Gyordu Thurzo kuti azisamalira ana ake ndi mkazi wake. Chodabwitsa, ndi Thurzo yemwe adzafufuze za milandu ya Bathory.
Kutsutsa ndi kufufuza
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1600, mphekesera zankhanza za Blood Countess zidayamba kufalikira mdziko lonselo. M'modzi mwa atsogoleri achipembedzo a Lutheran amamuganizira kuti amachita zamatsenga, ndipo adakauza akuluakulu aboma.
Komabe, akuluakulu sanasamale zokwanira malipoti awa. Pakadali pano, kuchuluka kwa madandaulo motsutsana ndi Bathory kudakulirakulira kotero kuti milandu yowerengeka idakambidwa kale m'boma lonselo. Mu 1609, mutu wakupha akazi azimayi olemekezeka udayamba kukambidwa mwachangu.
Pambuyo pake, kufufuza kwakukulu kwa mlanduwu kunayamba. M'zaka ziwiri zotsatira, umboni wa mboni zoposa 300 udasonkhanitsidwa, kuphatikiza antchito a nyumba yachifumu ya Sarvar.
Maumboni a omwe adafunsidwa anali odabwitsa. Anthu ankanena kuti oyamba a Countess Bathory anali atsikana aang'ono osauka. Mayiyo adayitanira achinyamata atsokawo kunyumba yake yonyenga ponamizira kuti akhale wantchito wake.
Pambuyo pake, Bathory adayamba kuseka ana osauka, omwe adamenyedwa kwambiri, akumaluma nyama kumaso, ziwalo ndi ziwalo zina za thupi. Adaweruziranso omwe adazunzidwa ndi njala kapena kuwaunditsa.
Otsatira a Elizabeth Bathory nawonso adatenga nawo gawo pazankhanza zomwe zafotokozedwazo, zomwe zidamupatsira atsikana mwachinyengo kapena chiwawa. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti nkhani zakusamba kwa Bathory m'mwazi wa anamwali kuti ateteze unyamata wake ndizokayikitsa. Adadzuka mkazi atamwalira.
Kumangidwa ndi kuyesedwa kwa Bathory
Mu Disembala 1610, Gyordu Thurzo adagwira Elizabeth Bathory ndi anayi omwe adayenda nawo. Omwe anali pansi pa a Gyordu adapeza kuti mtsikana m'modzi wamwalira ndipo m'modzi akumwalira, pomwe akaidi ena adatsekeredwa mchipinda.
Pali malingaliro kuti a Countess adamangidwa panthawiyi pomwe amadziwika kuti ali m'magazi, koma mtunduwu ulibe umboni wodalirika.
Mlandu wa iye ndi omwe adayenda nawo udayamba pa Januware 2, 1611. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Bathory adakana kufotokoza malingaliro ake pazakuipa komwe adachita ndipo sanaloledwe kupezeka pamlanduwo.
Chiwerengero chenicheni cha omwe adachitidwa ndi Magazi Owerengedwa sichidziwikebe. Mboni zina zidalankhula za atsikana ambiri omwe amazunzidwa ndikuphedwa, pomwe ena amatchula ena ofunikira.
Mwachitsanzo, mayi wina dzina lake Zsuzhanna adalankhula za buku la Bathory, lomwe akuti linali ndi mndandanda wa anthu opitilira 650. Koma popeza nambala ya 650 sinathe kutsimikiziridwa, ozunzidwa 80 adavomerezedwa mwalamulo.
Masiku ano, makalata 32 omwe a Countess apulumuka, omwe amasungidwa m'malo osungidwa ku Hungary. Magwero akuyitanitsa anthu osiyana omwe aphedwa - kuyambira 20 mpaka 2000 anthu.
Azimayi atatu a Elizabeth Bathory adaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe. Awiri adang'amba zala zawo ndi chitsulo chowotcha kenako ndikuwatentha pamtengo. Wotsatirayo adadulidwa mutu, ndipo thupi lawotchedwa.
Imfa
Mlanduwo utatha, Bathory adamangidwa mndende yokhayokha ku Cheyte Castle. Nthawi yomweyo, zitseko ndi mawindo zinali zotsekedwa ndi njerwa, chifukwa chake panali kabowo kena kakang'ono kamene kamatsalira, komwe chakudya chimaperekedwa kwa mkaidi.
M'malo ano Countess Bathory adakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake. Malinga ndi magwero ena, adakhala moyo wake wonse ali mndende, kuti azitha kuyendayenda munyumbayi.
Patsiku lakumwalira kwake pa Ogasiti 21, 1614, a Elizabeth Bathory adadandaula kwa mlonda kuti manja ake anali ozizira, koma adalimbikitsa wamndendeyo kuti agone pansi. Mkaziyo anagona, ndipo mmawa anapezeka atamwalira. Olemba mbiri yakale sakudziwa malo oyikirako manda a Bathory.
Zithunzi Zosamba
