Leonid Alekseevich Filatov (1946-2003) - Wochita zisudzo waku Soviet ndi Russia komanso wojambula, wotsogolera mafilimu, wolemba ndakatulo, wolemba, wolemba nkhani, wowonetsa TV komanso wolemba nkhani.
People's Artist of Russia komanso wopambana Mphotho ya State of the Russian Federation pankhani ya kanema ndi kanema wawayilesi.
Mbiri ya Filatov ili ndi zambiri zosangalatsa, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Leonid Filatov.
Wambiri Filatov
Leonid Filatov anabadwa pa December 24, 1946 ku Kazan. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja la woyendetsa wailesi Alexei Eremeevich ndi mkazi wake Klavdia Nikolaevna.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Ma Filatov nthawi zambiri amasintha malo awo okhala, chifukwa mutu wabanja amayenera kuthera nthawi yayitali pamaulendo.
Vuto loyamba mu mbiri ya Leonid lidachitika ali ndi zaka 7, pomwe makolo ake adaganiza zosiya. Zotsatira zake, adakhala ndi abambo awo, omwe adamutengera ku Ashgabat.
Patapita nthawi, mayiyo adakopa mwana wawo wamwamuna kuti asamukire ku Penza. Komabe, atakhala ndi amayi ake kwa zaka zosakwana zaka ziwiri, Leonid adasiyanso bambo ake. Kubwerera kusukulu, adayamba kulemba timabuku tating'ono tomwe tidasindikizidwa mu matanthauzidwe a Ashgabat.
Chifukwa chake, Filatov adayamba kupeza ndalama zake zoyamba. Nthawi yomweyo, adayamba chidwi ndi luso la kanema. Anawerenga magazini ambiri apadera ndikuwonera makanema onse, kuphatikiza zolembedwa.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti Leonid Filatov asankhe kulowa mu VGIK ku dipatimenti yoyang'anira.
Atalandira satifiketi, adapita ku Moscow, akufuna kukhala wophunzira wa sukulu yotchuka, koma sanathe kukwaniritsa cholinga chake.
Mothandizidwa ndi mnzake wapasukulu, mnyamatayo adayesetsa kulowa Sukulu ya Shchukin ku dipatimenti yochita. Anakhoza bwino mayeso ndikuphunzira kusewera zaka 4.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Filatov sanachite chidwi ndi maphunziro, nthawi zambiri kudumphira m'makalasi ndikupita kuwonera makanema osavomerezeka ngati zokambirana. Pakadali pano za mbiriyi, adapitilizabe kulemba.
Masewero
Atamaliza maphunziro awo ku koleji mu 1969, Leonid adapeza ntchito ku Taganka Theatre yotchuka. Pakapangidwe "Kodi tichite chiyani?" adapeza gawo lalikulu. Pambuyo pake adasewera m'masewera angapo, kuphatikiza Cherry Orchard, The Master ndi Margarita ndi Pugacheva.
Pomwe tsoka lodziwika bwino la Shakespeare "Hamlet" lidawonetsedwa m'malo osewerera, Filatov adatenga gawo la Horatio. Malinga ndi wochita seweroli, adawona ngati mwayi weniweni kuti adatha kugwira ntchito ndi ojambula ngati Vladimir Vysotsky ndi Bulat Okudzhava.
Cha m'ma 80s, Leonid ankasewera zaka zingapo pa Sovremennik, popeza utsogoleri wa Taganka Theatre unasintha. M'malo Yuri Lyubimov, mosalandidwa nzika ndi chonamizira - kuyankhulana ndi atolankhani yachilendo, Anatoly Efros anakhala mtsogoleri watsopano.
Filatov anali wotsutsa pakusankhidwa kwa Efros. Kuphatikiza apo, adatenga nawo gawo pakuzunza kwake, komwe pambuyo pake adanong'oneza bondo. Wojambulayo adabwerera kwawo "Taganka" mu 1987.
Makanema
Kwa nthawi yoyamba pazenera lalikulu, Leonid adawonekera mu 1970, akusewera pang'ono mu melodrama "The City of First Love". Kupambana kwake koyamba kudabwera atatha kujambula kanema wamavuto "Crew", pomwe adasandulika kukhala injiniya wachikondi woyendetsa ndege.
Pambuyo pa ntchitoyi, Filatov adatchuka kwambiri ku Russia. Kenako adasewera otchulidwa m'mafilimu monga "Kuyambira Madzulo mpaka Masana", "Rooks", "The Chosen", "Chicherin" ndi ena. Ntchito zopambana kwambiri ndi kutenga nawo mbali zinali "Oiwalika Melody ya Flute" ndi "City of Zero".
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti malinga ndi wasayansi yandale Sergei Kara-Murza, "Mzinda wa Zero" ndichimango chophiphiritsira chomwe USSR idagwa.
Mu 1990, mwamunayo adasinthidwa kukhala bureaucrat mu zoopsa za Ana a Bitch. Pachithunzipa, Leonid Filatov adachita ngati wosewera, wotsogolera komanso wolemba. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kanemayu adawombedwa m'masiku 24 okha.
Pakukonzekera kujambula "Ana a Bitch" Leonid Alekseevich adadwala matenda opha ziwalo, koma adapitilizabe kugwira ntchito. Panthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake, nthawi zambiri ankakumana ndi mavuto amanjenje, kusuta mapaketi 2-3 a ndudu patsiku.
Zonsezi zidayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa thanzi la wojambulayo. Udindo womaliza wa Filatov anali sewero lamaganizidwe "Mpira Wachifundo", pomwe adasewera mtsogoleri wamkulu.
TV
Mu 1994, kutulutsa koyamba kwa pulogalamuyi "Kukumbukiridwa" kunatulutsidwa pa TV yaku Russia. Idalankhula za ochita masewera aluso, koma osayiwalika. Ntchitoyi yakhala imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri kwa Leonid.
Filatov adakhalabe woyang'anira pulogalamuyo kwa zaka 10. Munthawi imeneyi, nkhani zopitilira 100 za "Kukumbukira" zidapangidwa. Chifukwa cha ntchito yake, Leonid Alekseevich adapatsidwa mphotho ya State of Russia pantchito zaluso.
Zochita zolemba
M'zaka za m'ma 60, Filatov, mogwirizana ndi Vladimir Kachan, adalemba nyimbo. Pambuyo pazaka 30, nyimbo "Orange Cat" idatulutsidwa.
Nthano yoyamba "About Fedot woponya mivi, mnzake wolimba mtima" Leonid adalemba mu 1985. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, nthanoyo idasindikizidwa mu kope "Achinyamata".
Ntchitoyi inali yodzaza ndi mawu oseketsa komanso opatsa chidwi. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti mu 2008 chojambula chidasinthidwa motengera Fedot the Archer. Kujambula kwake adatenga nawo gawo ojambula ojambula ngati Chulpan Khamatova, Alexander Revva, Sergey Bezrukov ndi Viktor Sukhorukov.
Kuyambira lero, nthanoyi yakhala ndi mbiri yakale. Pazaka zambiri za mbiri yake yolenga, Filatov adakhala wolemba zamasewera ambiri, kuphatikiza "The Cuckoo Clock", "Stagecoach", "Martin Eden", "Kamodzi ku California" ndi ena ambiri.
Wolemba adasindikiza mabuku angapo, kuphatikiza "Kukonda Malalanje Atatu", "Lysistrata", "Theatre ya Leonid Filatov" ndi "Ana a Bitch". Mu 1998, adapambana mphoto yapachaka ya magazini ya Okutobala yanthabwala Lysistrata.
Panthawiyo, thanzi la Filatov linali litakulirakulira, koma anapitilizabe kulemba. Pambuyo pake ntchito zake zidaphatikizidwa kukhala "Respect Luck".
Moyo waumwini
Mkazi woyamba wa Leonid anali wojambula Lydia Savchenko. Panali idyll wathunthu pakati pa okwatirana mpaka mwamunayo anakondana ndi Ammayi wina - Nina Shatskaya, amene anakwatiwa ndi Valery Zolotukhin.
Poyamba, anzawo amayang'anitsitsa, koma posakhalitsa chikondi chawo cha platonic chidakula ndikukhala chibwenzi chamkuntho. Nina ndi Leonid adakumana mwachinsinsi kwa zaka 12. Anasiyana kangapo, koma adayambiranso chibwenzi.
Chisudzulo cha onse awiri chinali chopweteka kwambiri. Filatov adathetsa Lydia, ndikumusiya nyumba. Pambuyo pake, anakwatira Nina Shatskaya, yemwe ndimadziwa naye chisangalalo chenicheni cha banja. Muukwati uliwonse, Leonid analibe ana.
Komabe, mwamunayo adachitira Denis, mwana wamwamuna wa mkazi wake woyamba, ngati wake. Adalimbikitsa mnyamatayo kuti alowe VGIK, pomwe amalipira maphunziro ake. Komabe, a Denis pambuyo pake adasankha kukhala mbusa.
Imfa
Mu 1993, Leonid Filatov anadwala sitiroko, ndipo patatha zaka 4 impso zake zinachotsedwa. Pachifukwa ichi, adakakamizidwa kukhala zaka ziwiri ali pa hemodialysis - chida cha "impso yokumba". M'dzinja la 1997, adachitidwa opaleshoni yothandizira impso.
Madzulo a imfa yake, mwamunayo adadwala chimfine, chomwe chidapangitsa kuti apange chibayo. Posakhalitsa anamutengera kuchipinda cha anthu odwala mwakayakaya, kumene anali atadwala kwambiri. Pambuyo masiku khumi osalandira chithandizo, wochita seweroli adachoka. Leonid Filatov adamwalira pa Okutobala 26, 2003 ali ndi zaka 56.
Zithunzi za Filatov
