Thomas de Torquemada (Zamgululi; 1420-1498) - yemwe adayambitsa Khoti Lalikulu la Spain, Woweruza Wamkulu woyamba ku Spain. Iye ndiye adayambitsa kuzunza a Moor ndi Ayuda ku Spain.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Torquemada, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yayifupi ya Thomas de Torquemada.
Mbiri ya Torquemada
Thomas de Torquemada adabadwa pa Okutobala 14, 1420 mumzinda waku Valladolid ku Spain. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja la Juan Torquemada, mtumiki wa dongosolo la Dominican, amene nthawi ina anali nawo ku Constance Cathedral.
Mwa njira, ntchito yayikulu ya tchalitchi chachikulu inali kuthetsa kugawanika kwa Tchalitchi cha Katolika. Kwa zaka 4 zotsatira, oimira atsogoleri achipembedzo adakwanitsa kuthetsa mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi kukonzanso tchalitchi ndi chiphunzitso cha tchalitchi. Idatenga zikalata ziwiri zofunika.
Woyamba adati bungweli, loyimira mpingo wonse wapadziko lonse lapansi, lili ndiulamuliro waukulu woperekedwa ndi Khristu, ndipo mwamtheradi aliyense akuyenera kugonjera. Mchigawo chachiwiri, zidanenedwa kuti khonsoloyo ipitilira kupitilira nthawi yayitali.
Amalume ake a Thomas anali wamaphunziro apamwamba azaumulungu komanso kadinala Juan de Torquemada, yemwe makolo awo anali Ayuda obatizidwa. Mnyamatayo atalandira maphunziro azaumulungu, adalowa mgulu la Dominican.
Torquemada atakwanitsa zaka 39, adapatsidwa udindo wokhala abbot wa agulupa a Santa Cruz la Real. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mwamunayo anali wosiyana ndi moyo wodzimana.
Pambuyo pake, a Thomas Torquemada adakhala alangizi auzimu amtsogolo a Mfumukazi Isabella 1 waku Castile. Anayesetsa kwambiri kuti Isabella akwere pampando wachifumu ndikukwatiwa ndi Ferdinand 2 waku Aragon, yemwe womufunsayo adamuthandizanso kwambiri.
Ndizomveka kunena kuti Torquemada anali katswiri wodziwa bwino zamaphunziro azaumulungu. Anali ndi mtima wovuta komanso wosasunthika, komanso anali wokonda kwambiri Chikatolika. Ndiyamika makhalidwe onsewa, iye anakwanitsa kutsogolera ngakhale Papa.
Mu 1478, popemphedwa ndi Ferdinand ndi Isabella, Papa adakhazikitsa ku Spain Khothi Lalikulu la Inquisition. Patatha zaka zisanu, adasankha Thomas ngati Grand Inquisitor.
Torquemada anali ndi ntchito yolumikiza atsogoleri andale komanso achipembedzo. Pachifukwa ichi, adasintha zinthu zingapo ndikuwonjezera ntchito za Khothi Lalikulu.
M'modzi mwa olemba mbiri a nthawiyo, wotchedwa Sebastian de Olmedo, adalankhula za a Thomas Torquemada ngati "nyundo ya ampatuko" komanso mpulumutsi waku Spain. Komabe, lerolino dzina la wofunsirayo lakhala dzina la banja lachipembedzo chankhanza.
Kuyesa magwiridwe antchito
Pofuna kuthana ndi mabodza, Torquemada, monga atsogoleri ena aku Europe, adapempha kuti awotche pamtengo mabuku omwe si achikatolika, makamaka olemba achiyuda ndi achiarabu. Chifukwa chake, adayesetsa kuti "asasokoneze" malingaliro amtundu wawo ndi ampatuko.
Wolemba mbiri woyamba wa Bwalo la Inquisition, a Juan Antonio Llorente, akuti pomwe a Tomás Torquemada anali mtsogoleri wa ofesi yoyera, anthu 8,800 adawotchedwa amoyo ku Spain ndipo pafupifupi 27,000 adazunzidwa.
Mwanjira ina iliyonse, chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa Torquemada, zinali zotheka kuyanjanitsa maufumu a Castile ndi Aragon kukhala ufumu umodzi - Spain. Zotsatira zake, boma lomwe lidangokhazikitsidwa kumene lidakhala lamphamvu kwambiri ku Europe.
Imfa
Atatumikira zaka 15 monga Grand Inquisitor, a Thomas Torquemada adamwalira pa Seputembara 16, 1498 ali ndi zaka 77. Manda ake adalandidwa mu 1832, zaka zochepa Khoti Lalikulu lisanathetsedwe.
Malinga ndi nkhani zina, akuti mafupa a mwamunayo akuti adabedwa ndikuwotchedwa pamtengo.
Zithunzi za Torquemada
