Zbigniew Kazimierz (Kazimierz) Brzezinski (1928-2017) - Wasayansi wazandale waku America, katswiri wazachikhalidwe komanso wolamulira wazikhalidwe zaku Poland. National Security Advisor wa 39 Purezidenti wa US Jimmy Carter (1977-1981).
M'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Trilateral Commission - bungwe lomwe lidakambirana ndikukambirana njira zothetsera mavuto adziko lapansi. Kwa zaka zambiri, Brzezinski anali m'modzi mwa atsogoleri otsogola pamalingaliro akunja aku US. Anali membala wa American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Wolandila Mendulo ya Ufulu ya Purezidenti, imodzi mwama mphotho awiri apamwamba kwambiri kwa anthu wamba ku United States.
Brzezinski amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa odana ndi Soviet Union komanso ma Russophobes. Katswiri wazandale sanabise malingaliro ake pa Russia.
Buku lotchuka kwambiri (lolembedwa mu 1997) ndi Grand Chessboard, lomwe limafotokoza za mphamvu zandale zaku United States komanso njira zomwe mphamvuzi zitha kuzindikiridwira mzaka za 21st.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Brzezinski, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya Zbigniew Brzezinski.
Mbiri ya Brzezinski
Zbigniew Brzezinski adabadwa pa Marichi 28, 1928 ku Warsaw. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, adabadwira ku kazembe waku Poland ku Kharkov, komwe abambo ndi amayi ake adagwira ntchito. Anakulira m'banja lachifumu komanso kazembe waku Poland Tadeusz Brzezinski ndi mkazi wake Leonia.
Brzezinski ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 10, adayamba kukhala ku Canada, popeza mdziko muno abambo ake adagwira ntchito ngati Consul General waku Poland. Mu zaka 50s, mnyamatayo adalandira nzika zaku America, ndikupanga maphunziro ku United States.
Atamaliza maphunziro ake a sekondale, Zbigniew adalowa University of McGill, kenako adakhala Master of Arts. Ndiye mnyamatayo adapitiliza maphunziro ake ku Harvard. Apa iye amateteza nkhani yolembedwa wake pa mapangidwe dongosolo lankhanza mu USSR.
Zotsatira zake, Zbigniew Brzezinski adapatsidwa Ph.D mu sayansi zandale. Pa mbiri ya 1953-1960. adaphunzitsa ku Harvard, ndipo kuyambira 1960 mpaka 1989 ku Columbia University, komwe adatsogolera Institute for Communism.
Ndale
Mu 1966, Brzezinski adasankhidwa kukhala Planning Council of the State department, komwe adagwira ntchito zaka ziwiri. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti anali woyamba kunena kuti afotokoze zonse zomwe zimachitika m'maiko achisosholizimu kudzera mu prism ya kuponderezana.
Zbigniew ndiye wolemba njira yayikulu yotsutsana ndi chikominisi komanso lingaliro latsopano la hegemony yaku America. M'zaka za m'ma 1960, adakhala ngati mlangizi kuntchito za Kennedy ndi Johnson.
Brzezinski anali m'modzi mwa otsutsa mwankhanza pamalingaliro aku Soviet Union. Kuphatikiza apo, anali ndi malingaliro olakwika pamalingaliro a Nixon-Kissinger.
M'chilimwe cha 1973, a David Rockefeller adakhazikitsa Trilateral Commission, bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe silaboma lomwe cholinga chake ndi kulumikizana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa St. America, Western Europe ndi Asia (yoyimiridwa ndi Japan ndi South Korea).
Zbigniew adapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera komitiyi, chifukwa chake adakhala director wawo kwa zaka zitatu zotsatira. Pakati pa mbiri ya 1977-1981. adagwira ntchito ngati mlangizi wachitetezo cha dziko m'boma la Jimmy Carter.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti Brzezinski anali wothandizira kwambiri pantchito yachinsinsi ya CIA yophatikiza Soviet Union pomenya nkhondo yamtengo wapatali, yomwe adalembera Carter koyambirira kwa nkhondo yaku Afghanistan: "Tsopano tili ndi mwayi wopatsa USSR nkhondo yake ya Vietnam."
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti pamafunso ake Zbigniew Brzezinski adavomereza poyera kuti ndi iye, pamodzi ndi purezidenti waku America, yemwe adayambitsa kuyambika kwa gulu la Mujahideen. Nthawi yomweyo, wandale adakana kutengapo gawo pakupanga Al-Qaeda.
Bill Clinton atakhala mutu watsopano ku United States, Zbigniew anali wothandizira kufalikira kwa kum'mawa kwa NATO. Adalankhula zoyipa kwambiri pazomwe a George W. Bush adachita pankhani zakunja. Momwemonso, mwamunayo adawonetsa kuthandizira Barack Obama pomwe adachita nawo zisankho za purezidenti.
M'zaka zotsatira, Brzezinski adakhala mlangizi wandale komanso waluso pantchito zingapo. Mofananamo ndi izi, anali membala wa Atlantic Council, m'bungwe la "Freedom House", anali m'modzi mwa mamembala ofunikira a Trilateral Commission, komanso anali ndi malo ofunika ku American Committee for Peace ku Chechnya.
Maganizo ku USSR ndi Russia
Katswiri wazandale sanabise malingaliro ake kuti Amereka okha ndi omwe ayenera kukhala ndiudindo padziko lapansi. Amawona USSR ngati mdani wogonjetsedwa, yemwe anali wotsika poyerekeza ndi United States pafupifupi madera onse.
Soviet Union itagwa, Brzezinski adapitilizabe kutsatira zomwezi ku Russia. M'mafunso ake, adati aku America sayenera kuchita mantha ndi a Vladimir Putin.
M'malo mwake, azungu akuyenera kufotokozera momveka bwino madera omwe ali ndi chidwi ndikuchita zonse zomwe angathe kuti awateteze. Amakakamizidwa kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi Russia pokhapokha ngati athandizane.
Zbigniew adanenanso kuti sanadandaule pochirikiza mujahideen pankhondo yaku Afghanistan, popeza panthawi yankhondo yankhondo United States idakwanitsa kukopa anthu aku Russia kuti akole mumsampha waku Afghanistan. Chifukwa cha mkangano womwe udatenga nthawi yayitali, USSR idataya mtima, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti igwe.
Brzezinski ananenanso kuti: “Kodi chofunikira kwambiri ndi chiyani padziko lapansi? Taliban kapena kugwa kwa USSR? " Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, m'malingaliro ake, Russia ikwanitsa kukula pokhapokha Putin atachoka.
Zbigniew Brzezinski ankakhulupirira kuti anthu a ku Russia amayenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi ndi kuyandikira kumadzulo, apo ayi Chitchaina chiloŵa m’malo mwawo. Kuphatikiza apo, kutukuka kwa Russian Federation ndikosatheka popanda demokalase.
Moyo waumwini
Mkazi wa Brzezinski anali mtsikana wotchedwa Emilie Beneš, yemwe anali wosema ziboliboli. Muukwati uwu, banjali linali ndi mtsikana, Mika, ndi anyamata awiri, Jan ndi Mark.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2014, mwana wamkazi wa Zbigniew adati abambo ake adamumenya kangapo ndi chisa. Nthawi yomweyo, mutu wabanjayo adazichita m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, ndikupangitsa Mika kuchita manyazi komanso manyazi.
Imfa
Zbigniew Brzezinski anamwalira pa Meyi 26, 2017 ali ndi zaka 89. Mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake, adafunsa akuluakulu aku America pazokhudza mfundo zakunja.
Zithunzi za Brzezinski
