Wolf Grigorievich (Gershkovich) Kutumiza (1899-1974) - Wojambula waku Soviet (wamaganizidwe), akuchita zisudzo m'maganizo "akuwerenga malingaliro" a omvera, wotsutsa, wonamizira komanso Wolemekezeka Wojambula wa RSFSR. Amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwamunthu wosamvetsetseka m'munda wake.
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Wolf Messing, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, musanakhale ndi mbiri yayifupi ya Wolf Messing.
Mbiri ya Wolf Messing
Wolf Messing adabadwa pa Seputembara 10, 1899 m'mudzi wa Gura-Kalwaria, womwe panthawiyo unali gawo la Ufumu wa Russia. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja lophweka.
Abambo a wojambula wamtsogolo, Gershek Messing, anali wokhulupirira komanso munthu wovuta kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa Wolf, m'banja la Mesing, ana ena atatu anabadwa.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Kuyambira ali mwana, Wolf adadwala chifukwa choyenda tulo. Nthawi zambiri ankangoyendayenda atagona, pambuyo pake ankakumana ndi mutu wovuta kwambiri.
Mnyamatayo adachiritsidwa ndi chithandizo chophweka cha wowerengeka - beseni lamadzi ozizira, lomwe makolo ake adayika pafupi ndi kama wake.
Messing atayamba kutuluka pabedi, mapazi ake adapezeka m'madzi ozizira, pomwe adadzuka nthawi yomweyo. Zotsatira zake, zidamuthandiza kuti asiye kuyenda mtulo kwamuyaya.
Ali ndi zaka 6, Wolf Messing adayamba kupita kusukulu yachiyuda, komwe adaphunzirira bwino Talmud ndikuphunzitsa mapemphero ochokera m'bukuli. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mnyamatayo anali ndi kukumbukira bwino.
Poona luso la Wolf, rabiyo adaonetsetsa kuti wachinyamatayo atumizidwa ku Yeshibot, komwe amaphunzitsidwa atsogoleri achipembedzo.
Kuphunzira pa Yeshibot sanapereke Messing zosangalatsa. Pambuyo pakuphunzitsidwa kwa zaka zingapo, adaganiza zothawira ku Berlin kukafunafuna moyo wabwino.
Wolf Messing adakwera galimoto yamagalimoto popanda tikiti. Inali nthawi imeneyo mu mbiri yake pomwe adayamba kuwonetsa zachilendo.
Woyang'anira pamene adayandikira mnyamatayo ndikupempha kuti awonetse tikiti, Wolf adamuyang'ana mosamala m'maso mwake ndikumupatsa pepala wamba.
Atapumula kwakanthawi, kondakitala adabaya pepala lija ngati kuti ndi tikiti ya sitima.
Atafika ku Berlin, Messing adagwira ntchito ngati mthenga kwakanthawi, koma ndalama zomwe adapeza sizinali zokwanira kudya. Nthawi ina anali atatopa kwambiri kotero kuti adakomoka mwa kukomoka ndi njala komweko pamsewu.
Madotolo amakhulupirira kuti Wolf amwalira, chifukwa chake adamutumiza kumalo osungira mitembo. Atagona mosungira mitembo kwa masiku atatu, mwadzidzidzi adatsitsimuka aliyense.
Pamene katswiri wazamisala waku Germany Abel adazindikira kuti Messing amakonda kugona pang'ono, anafuna kuti amudziwe. Zotsatira zake, wazamisala adayamba kuphunzitsa wachinyamata kuwongolera thupi lake, komanso kuchita zoyeserera m'maganizo a kuwerenga.
Ntchito ku Europe
Popita nthawi, Abel adadziwitsa Wolf ku impresario Zelmeister, yemwe adamuthandiza kuti azipezeka m'malo owonera zakale zachilengedwe.
Mesing adakumana ndi izi: kugona mu bokosi lowonekera ndikugona mopanda tulo. Nambalayi idali yosokoneza kwa omvera, kuwadabwitsa ndi kuwasangalatsa.
Nthawi yomweyo, Wolf adawonetsa kuthekera kwazinthu zokhudzana ndi kulumikizana ndi kulumikizana. Mwanjira inayake adakwanitsa kuzindikira malingaliro a anthu, makamaka akagwira munthu ndi dzanja.
Chithunzicho adadziwanso momwe angalowere kudera lomwe samva kupweteka kwakuthupi.
Pambuyo pake, Messing adayamba kusewera m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Bush Circus yotchuka. Nambala yotsatirayi inali yotchuka kwambiri: ojambulawo adayambitsa kuba, pambuyo pake adabisa zinthu zobedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a holo.
Pambuyo pake, Wolf Messing adalowa gawo, mosakaika akupeza zinthu zonse. Chiwerengerochi chidamubweretsera kutchuka komanso kudziwika pagulu.
Ali ndi zaka 16, mnyamatayo adayendera mizinda yosiyanasiyana yaku Europe, kudabwitsa omvera ndi luso lake. Patatha zaka 5, adabwerera ku Poland, kale wojambula wotchuka komanso wachuma.
Kumayambiriro kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse (1939-1945), abambo a Messing, abale ndi abale ena apamtima achiyuda adaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe ku Majdanek. Wolf mwiniyo adatha kuthawira ku USSR.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amayi ake, Hana, adamwalira zaka zingapo zapitazo chifukwa cha mtima.
Ntchito ku Russia
Ku Russia, Wolf Messing adapitilizabe kuchita bwino ndi ziwerengero zake zamaganizidwe.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, mwamunayo anali m'modzi mwa magulu ampikisano. Pambuyo pake adapatsidwa dzina la wojambula wa State Concert, zomwe zidamupatsa zabwino zingapo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nthawi imeneyo ya mbiri yake Messing adamanga womenya wa Yak-7 kuti azipulumutsa, zomwe adapereka kwa woyendetsa ndege Konstantin Kovalev. Woyendetsa ndegeyo anawuluka bwino pandegeyi mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo.
Kuchita zinthu zosonyeza kukonda dziko lako kumeneku kunabweretsa Wolf komanso ulemu waukulu komanso ulemu kuchokera kwa nzika zaku Soviet.
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti telepath idamudziwa Stalin, yemwe samakhulupirira luso lake. Komabe, Messing ataneneratu za kuwonongeka kwa ndege ya Li-2, pomwe mwana wake Vasily adzawuluka, Mtsogoleri wa Mitunduyo adaganiziranso malingaliro ake.
Mwa njira, ndegeyi, yomwe idayendetsedwa ndi gulu la Soviet hockey la Gulu Lankhondo la Gulu Lankhondo la Moscow, idagwa pafupi ndi eyapoti ya Koltsovo, kufupi ndi Sverdlovsk. Osewera a hockey onse, kupatula Vsevolod Bobrov, yemwe adachedwa kuthawa, adamwalira.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev adakhala mutu wotsatira wa USSR. Messing anali ndiubwenzi wolimba ndi Secretary General watsopano.
Izi zidachitika chifukwa chomwe telepath idakana kuyankhula pamsonkhano wa CPSU ndi mawu omwe adamukonzera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti adaneneratu pokhapokha atakhala wotsimikiza za iwo.
Komabe, pempho la Nikita Sergeevich "kulosera" kufunika kochotsa thupi la Stalin ku mausoleum, malinga ndi a Messing, inali njira yokhayo yokhazikitsira zinthu zambiri.
Zotsatira zake, Wolf Grigorievich adakumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi ntchito zake zoyendera. Ankaloledwa kuchita masewera m'matauni ang'onoang'ono ndi m'midzi, ndipo pambuyo pake analetsedwa kuyendera.
Pachifukwa ichi, Messing adayamba kukhumudwa ndipo adasiya kuwonekera m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.
Maulosi
Mbiri ya Wolf Messing ili ndi mphekesera zambiri komanso zopeka. Zomwezo zikugwiranso ntchito kulosera kwake.
"Zikumbutso" za Messing, zomwe zidasindikizidwa mu 1965 mu nyuzipepala ya "Science and Life", zidapanga phokoso kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, wolemba "zolemba" anali mtolankhani wotchuka wa "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Mikhail Khvastunov.
M'buku lake, adavomereza zambiri zopotoka, akumapereka malingaliro ake momasuka. Komabe, ntchito yake inachititsa anthu ambiri kulankhula za Wolf Grigorevich.
M'malo mwake, Messing nthawi zonse amawona kuthekera kwake malinga ndi sayansi, ndipo sanalankhulepo za iwo ngati zozizwitsa.
Chithunzicho ankagwira ntchito limodzi ndi asayansi ochokera ku Institute of the Brain, madokotala ndi akatswiri amisala, kuyesera kupeza chifukwa cha sayansi pamaluso ake achilendo.
Mwachitsanzo, "mind reading" Wolf Messing adalongosola momwe - kuwerenga mayendedwe a minofu ya nkhope. Mothandizidwa ndi kulumikizana ndi ma telefoni, adatha kuzindikira kayendedwe kakang'ono ka munthu akamayenda njira yolakwika posaka chinthu, ndi zina zambiri.
Komabe, a Messing anali ndi zolosera zambiri, zomwe adaziyankhula pamaso pa mboni zambiri. Chifukwa chake, adatsimikiza molondola tsiku lomaliza nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, komabe, malinga ndi nthawi yaku Europe - Meyi 8, 1945.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Wolf adadzalandira kuyamikiridwa ndi Stalin chifukwa choneneratu ichi.
Komanso, pangano la Molotov-Ribbentrop litasainidwa pakati pa USSR ndi Germany, Messing adati "akuwona akasinja okhala ndi nyenyezi yofiira m'misewu ya Berlin."
Moyo waumwini
Mu 1944, Wolf Messing adakumana ndi Aida Rapoport. Kenako iye anakhala mkazi wake osati, komanso wothandizira pa zisudzo.
Awiriwo adakhala limodzi mpaka pakati pa 1960, pomwe Aida adamwalira ndi khansa. Anzake adati Messing amadziwanso tsiku lomwe amamwalira pasadakhale.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya mkazi wake, Wolf Messing adadzitsekera ndipo mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake adakhala ndi mlongo wa Aida Mikhailovna, yemwe amamusamalira.
Chisangalalo chokha kwa wojambulayo chinali ma lapdogs awiri, omwe amawakonda kwambiri.
Imfa
M'zaka zomaliza za moyo wake, Mesing adazunzidwa chifukwa chazunzo.
Ngakhale pankhondo, miyendo ya telepath idavulala, yomwe muukalamba idayamba kumukhumudwitsa pafupipafupi. Anamuthandizira mobwerezabwereza mchipatala mpaka pomwe adotolo adamunyengerera kuti apite pagome la opareshoni.
Kuchita opareshoni kunayenda bwino, koma pazifukwa zosadziwika, patatha masiku awiri, kulephera kwa impso ndi kupindika kwa m'mapapo, kunachitika. Wolf Grigorievich Messing anamwalira pa Novembala 8, 1974 ali ndi zaka 75.
