Smolny Historical and Architectural Complex ku St. Petersburg amadziwika kuti ndi chipilala chazomangamanga chofunikira padziko lonse lapansi. Malo apadera m'gululi amakhala ndi Smolny Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ - chitsanzo chapadera cha zomangamanga za Russian Orthodox, kunyada kwa mzindawu.
Tengani nthawi yochezera tchalitchi chachikulu, kuti mufufuze zokongola zake, musangalale ndi kukongola kokongola kwauzimu, kuti mudziwe za zovuta zake. Kodi chapadera kwambiri ndi chiyani pakachisi?
Zochitika zazikulu m'mbiri ya amonke ndi Smolny Cathedral
Kulengedwa kwake kunayamba mu 1748. Tsarina Elizaveta Petrovna anasankha malo omwe utomoni unapangidwira malo oyendetsa zombo kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, ndipo pambuyo pake amakhala munyumba yachifumu yomangidwa pano ali mwana. Ntchito yomanga nyumba yachiukiliro ya Novodevichy Convent idaperekedwa kwa womanga bwalo la B.F. Rastrelli. Kuyika chinthu chatsopano kunachitika ndi mwambo wapamwamba:
- utumiki wapemphero;
- nsanja yokonzedwa bwino;
- zopitilira 100 kuchokera pamfuti makumi awiri.
Chikondwererochi chinatha ndi chakudya chamadzulo cha anthu 56. Mwambiri, tidayamba malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha Russia, zathanzi.
Ntchitoyi inkachitika molingana ndi mtunduwo. Amisiri adazipanga patebulo lalikulu momwe amayenera kupanga choyambirira. Dongosolo la womanga nyumbayo linali lopanga belu lamiyala 5 yolimba, lomwe kutalika kwake (140 m) kungapitirire gawo la Peter ndi Paul Fortress. Izi sizinachitike. Nkhondo, kusowa kwa ndalama, kusowa chidwi mu Smolny Cathedral, zovuta zamabungwe zidachedwetsa ntchitoyo.
Elizabeth adaganiza zokhazikitsidwa kunyumba ya amonke pophunzitsa atsikana omwe ali olemera. Pambuyo pake, Catherine II adakhazikitsa pano Society of Noble Maidens ndi sukulu ya atsikana a bourgeois class. Ophunzira a Sosaite pambuyo pake adayamba kuphunzira ku Smolny Institute, nyumba yokongola yazakale, yomangidwa ndi D. Quarenghi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi iliyonse akawonekera pamaso pa tchalitchi chachikulu, adakweza chipewa chake mwaulemu ndikunena kuti iyi ndi kachisi weniweni!
Pansi pa Nicholas I mu 1835, zaka 87 kuchokera pachiyambi, ntchito yomanga tchalitchichi idamalizidwa ndi V.P. Stasov.
Cathedral mu mdima wa zaka za zana la 20
Kubwereza kwa Okutobala koyambirira kwa zaka zana kumatsegula tsamba lowopsa m'mbiri ya amonke. Gawolo lidalamulidwa mosasunthika ndi omwe amafuna kusintha zinthu. Tsogolo la Smolny Cathedral muulamuliro wa Soviet lidakhala losautsa:
- 20s - nyumba yokongola idasandutsidwa nyumba yosungiramo katundu.
- 1931 - tchalitchichi chidatsekedwa ndi lingaliro la a Bolsheviks, ndipo katundu wa tchalitchi adalandidwa.
- 1972 - iconostasis idachotsedwa, zinthu zotsalazo zidakhala chuma cha malo owonetsera zakale.
- 1990 - department of the city History Museum.
- 1991 - holo ya konsati idayamba kugwira ntchito, Chamber Choir idabwezeretsedwa.
M'chaka cha 2009, mapemphero adachitika mu tchalitchi choleza mtima kwanthawi yoyamba mzaka zambiri, ndipo mu Epulo 2010 ntchito zanthawi zonse zidayamba. Linali tsiku lolemekezeka ndi zabwino komanso mphatso, kutulutsa mendulo yokumbukira komanso envelopu yachisangalalo. Mu 2015, kachisiyo adalandidwa ndi Russian Orthodox Church, chiwalo chake chidachotsedwa. Kwaya yachipinda yathetsedwa ndipo ilibe dzina. Pomaliza, m'nyengo yozizira ya 2016, tchalitchichi chidakhala mwaulere mu dayosizi ya St. Nkhani yosangalatsayi idamalizidwa ndikumaliza kukonzanso nyumba, zomangamanga, madenga ndi mitanda mu 2016.
Zovala zapamwamba za pakachisi
Kulengedwa kopambana kwa Master ndi kachitidwe kabwino ka Baroque kokhala ndi zojambula, zojambula, zojambula bwino komanso zambiri. Ensemble ndi umodzi wonse wophatikiza mitundu yoyera ndi yabuluu, chizindikiro cha kuyera ndi kuyera. Smolny Cathedral imayendetsedwa mmwamba ndipo ikuwoneka kuti ikuyandama mumitambo. Khomo limakongoletsedwa ndi zipilala ndi khonde, kujambula kotseguka kwa mpanda kumapangidwa malinga ndi zojambula za VP Stasov.
Chipilalachi chimazunguliridwa ndi mipingo inayi. Izi ndi nsanja za belu zokhala ndi mzikiti ndi anyezi zonyamula mtanda. Wopanga mapulaniwo adakonza kachisi wokhala ndi dome limodzi, monga ku Europe. Mfumukazi idalamula kuti kumangidwe kwa tchalitchi chachikulu cha Orthodox chokhala ndi maufumu asanu.
Tsopano zovuta - chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe likulu la St. Petersburg. Gawoli limakongoletsedwa ndi munda wamaluwa wokhala ndi mabedi amaluwa, mabedi amaluwa ndi akasupe. Belu yayikulu yomwe yayimilira pakhomo la tchalitchi chachikulu ikukonzekera kukwezedwa pakapita nthawi.
Luso lokongoletsa zamkati
Zokongoletsa mkati mwa Smolny Cathedral zinkachitika motsogozedwa ndi V. Stasov. Anayesetsa kuti asasokoneze mapulani apachiyambi a womanga wamkulu, koma kalembedwe koyambirira kanali kotchuka kale. Ma modelo okha, kuponyera chitsulo, mitu yokongola yazipilala ndi zokongoletsera za mzikiti zidagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyumba zamkati ndi zokoma zimaphatikizapo:
- holo yayikulu yomwe imatha kukhala ndi anthu 6,000;
- iconostases, chokongoletsedwa bwino ndi zotsatira za marble;
- balustrade wa magalasi pamaguwa;
- nsanja yolimbikira ntchito.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, zithunzi ziwiri zojambulidwa ndi A.G.Venetsianov pamitu yokhudza kuuka kwa Khristu ndikulowetsedwa m'kachisi zidakhala malo opatulika. Kumvetsera nyimbo zanyimbo kumachitikira mu holo ya konsati.
Siyani chipwirikiti cha moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mubwere kudzacheza!
Wowongolera akuwuza alendo mbiri yakale, yosangalatsa komanso yosangalatsa ya tchalitchichi, poganizira msinkhu ndi mulingo wa omvera. Nkhaniyi imakwaniritsidwa ndi kanema. Kuchokera pa bolodi lowonera 50 mita, panorama ya mzindawo ndipo Neva imatsegulidwa, kuchokera apa mutha kujambula zithunzi zabwino kwambiri. Kukwera kwa belfry pamasitepe 277 kumatsagana ndi nyimbo zanyengo ya Baroque yomwe yaiwalika.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane ku Cathedral ya St.
Kachisiyo ali pamphepete mwa Neva. Adilesi: pl. Rastrelli, 1, St. Petersburg, Russia, 191060.
Ndikofunika kufikira kumeneko motere:
- kuchokera pa siteshoni ya metro "Chernyshevskaya" ndimabasi wamba kapena trolleybus 15;
- kuchokera ku "Ploschad Vosstaniya" pa basi 22 kapena ma trolleybasi 5, 7.
Pansi kuchokera m'malo awa mutha kuyenda mphindi 30.
Maola otsegulira tchalitchi chachikulu mu 2017: ntchito kuyambira 7:00 mpaka 20:00 tsiku lililonse, maulendo ochokera 10:00 mpaka 19:00. Mtengo woyendera ndi ma ruble 100, kwa ana asukulu asanapite kusukulu ndiulere. Palibe dongosolo lokhazikika la alendo osakwatira, magulu amapangidwa akamasonkhana.
Maola awiri atuluka mu tchalitchi chachikulu mosazindikira, alendo omwe ali ndi mtima wofunitsitsa amakumbukira luso lapamwamba pamtima pawo.
