Ngakhale kuti nitrojeni sichingazindikiridwe ngati siyosungunuka kapena kuzizira, kufunikira kwa mpweya uwu kwa anthu ndi chitukuko ndikotsika kwa mpweya ndi hydrogen. Nitrogeni imagwiritsidwa ntchito muntchito zosiyanasiyana za anthu kuyambira zamankhwala mpaka kupanga zophulika. Mazana mamiliyoni a matani a nayitrogeni ndi zotumphukira zake zimapangidwa chaka chilichonse padziko lapansi. Nazi zochepa chabe za momwe nayitrogeni anapezekera, kufufuzidwa, kupangidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito:
1. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17, akatswiri atatu amisodzi nthawi yomweyo - Henry Cavendish, Joseph Priestley ndi Daniel Rutherford - adakwanitsa kupeza nayitrogeni. Komabe, palibe m'modzi wa iwo amene amamvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umatuluka mokwanira kuti apeze chinthu chatsopano. Priestley anasokoneza ngakhale mpweya. Rutherford anali wosasinthasintha kwambiri pofotokoza za gasi yemwe samathandizira kuyaka komanso samachita ndi zinthu zina, motero adapeza mwayi kwa apainiya.
Daniel Rutherford
2. Kwenikweni "nayitrogeni" mpweyawo adatchulidwa ndi Antoine Lavoisier, pogwiritsa ntchito liwu lachi Greek loti "wopanda moyo".
3. Mwa mphamvu, nayitrogeni ndi 4/5 m'mlengalenga. Nyanja zapadziko lapansi, kutumphuka kwa dziko lapansi ndi chovala chake zili ndi nayitrogeni wambiri, ndipo chovalacho ndichinthu chachikulu kwambiri kuposa chikhakha.
4. 2.5% yamagulu onse azamoyo padziko lapansi ndi nayitrogeni. Potengera kachigawo kakang'ono mu biosphere, mpweya uwu ndi wachiwiri kwa mpweya, haidrojeni ndi kaboni.
5. Nayitirojeni wosalala moyenera monga mpweya alibe vuto lililonse, alibe fungo lake ndipo alibe vuto lililonse. Nayitrogeni ndi owopsa pokhapokha atakhala ndi vuto lalikulu - amatha kuyambitsa kuledzera, kutsamwa komanso kufa. Nayitrogeni ndiwowopsa pakakhala matenda am'magazi, pomwe magazi am'madzi oyenda pansi pamadzi, atakwera mwachangu kwambiri, amawoneka kuti amawira, ndipo thovu la nayitrogeni limaphulika mitsempha yamagazi. Munthu amene akudwala matendawa amatha kudzuka pamwamba ali wamoyo, koma ataduka ziwalo, ndipo atafa kwambiri, amafa patangopita maola ochepa.
6. Poyamba, nayitrogeni anali kupezeka kuchokera ku mchere wosiyanasiyana, koma tsopano pafupifupi matani biliyoni a nayitrogeni pachaka amachotsedwa mwachindunji mlengalenga.
7. Terminator yachiwiri idazizira ndi nayitrogeni yamadzi, koma mawonekedwe awakanemawa ndi nthano chabe. Mpweya wa nayitrogeni umakhala ndi kutentha kotsika kwambiri, koma kutentha kwa gasi kumeneku ndikotsika kwambiri kwakuti nthawi yozizira kwambiri yazinthu zazing'ono ndi maminiti makumi.
8. Nitrogeni wamadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo ozizira osiyanasiyana (kusalowetsa zinthu zina kumapangitsa kuti nayitrogeni akhale firiji woyenera) komanso mu cryotherapy - mankhwala ozizira. M'zaka zaposachedwa, cryotherapy yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamasewera.
9. Kusakhazikika kwa nayitrogeni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pamakampani azakudya. Posungira ndi kulongedza ndi mpweya wabwino wa nayitrogeni, zinthu zimatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kukhazikitsa kopanga mpweya wa nayitrogeni mnyumba yosungira chakudya
10. Nthawi zina nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwera mowa m'malo mwa mpweya woipa. Komabe, akatswiri amati thovu lake ndilocheperako ndipo kaboniyu sioyenera mowa wonse.
11. Naitrogeni amaponyedwa m'zipinda zamagalimoto othamangitsira ndege kuti ateteze moto.
12. Nayitrogeni ndi chida chozimitsa moto kwambiri. Moto wamba suzimitsidwa nawo - mpweya ndi wovuta kuutumiza msanga kumalo ozimitsira moto mumzinda, ndipo umasandulika msanga m'malo otseguka. Koma m'migodi, njira yozimitsira moto pochotsa mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuchokera mgodi woyaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
13. Nitric oxide I, wodziwika kuti nitrous oxide, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala oletsa ululu komanso ngati chinthu chomwe chimakonza magwiridwe antchito a injini yamagalimoto. Sizimadziwotcha yokha, koma imasungabe kuyaka bwino.
Mutha kuthamangitsa ...
14. Nitric oxide II ndi mankhwala owopsa kwambiri. Komabe, imapezeka pang'onopang'ono m'zinthu zonse zamoyo. Mu thupi la munthu, nitric oxide (monga chinthuchi chimadziwika kuti nthawi zambiri) imapangidwa kuti ichepetse kugwira ntchito kwa mtima ndikupewa matenda oopsa komanso matenda amtima. M'matendawa, zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo beets, sipinachi, arugula, ndi masamba ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa kupangira nitric oxide.
15. Nitroglycerin (chophatikiza chophatikiza cha nitric acid ndi glycerin), mapiritsi omwe ma cores amayikidwa pansi pa lilime, ndipo chophulika champhamvu kwambiri chokhala ndi dzina lomweli, ndichinthu chimodzimodzi.
16. Mwambiri, zophulika zamakono zambiri zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni.
17. Nayitrogeni ndiyofunikanso pakupanga feteleza. Manyowa a nayitrogeni, nawonso, ndi ofunikira kwambiri pazokolola.
18. Thubhu ya mercury thermometer ili ndi silvery mercury ndi colorrogen nayitrogeni.
19. Nitrogeni imapezeka osati padziko lapansi lokha. Mlengalenga wa Titan, mwezi waukulu kwambiri wa Saturn, ndi pafupifupi nayitrogeni wathunthu. Hydrogen, oxygen, helium ndi nayitrogeni ndizo zinthu zinayi zofala kwambiri m'chilengedwe.
Mpweya wa nayitrogeni wa Titan ndi wopitilira 400 km
20. Mu Novembala 2017, mtsikana adabadwa ku USA chifukwa chazinthu zachilendo kwambiri. Amayi ake adalandira mwana wosabadwa yemwe adasungidwa mu nitrojeni wamadzi kwa zaka 24. Mimba ndi kubala zinayenda bwino, mtsikanayo anabadwa wathanzi.
