Seren Obu Kierkegaard (1813-1855) - Wafilosofi wachipembedzo waku Danish, wama psychologist komanso wolemba. Woyambitsa kukhalako.
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Seren Kierkegaard, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya Kierkegaard.
Mbiri ya Serena Kierkegaard
Seren Kierkegaard adabadwa pa Meyi 5, 1813 ku Copenhagen. Anakulira ndipo adaleredwa m'banja la wamalonda wachuma Peter Kierkegaard. Wafilosofi anali mwana womaliza mwa makolo ake.
Atamwalira mutu wabanja, ana ake adapeza chuma chambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, Seren adapeza maphunziro abwino. Ali ndi zaka 27, adachita bwino maphunziro a zamulungu ku University of Copenhagen.
Chaka chotsatira, Kierkegaard adapatsidwa digiri ya master, atateteza chiphunzitso chake "Pa lingaliro lachinyengo, ndikupempha Socrates nthawi zonse." Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti makolo kuyambira ali ana amaphunzitsa ana awo kukonda Mulungu.
Komabe, atapita ku yunivesite ndipo atadziwa bwino filosofi yachi Greek, Serenus adakonzanso malingaliro ake achipembedzo. Anayamba kupenda zomwe zidalembedwa mBaibulo mosiyana.
Nzeru
Mu 1841, Kierkegaard adakhazikika ku Berlin, komwe adakhala nthawi yayitali akuganizira za moyo wa munthu ndi chilengedwe chake. Nthawi yomweyo, adakonzanso ziphunzitso zachipembedzo zomwe amatsatira ali mwana komanso akukula.
Munali munthawi imeneyi Seren adayamba kupanga malingaliro ake anzeru. Mu 1843 adafalitsa buku lake lotchuka Ili-Ili, koma osati pansi pa dzina lake, koma pansi pa dzina lachinyengo la Victor Eremit.
M'buku lino, Soren Kierkegaard adalongosola magawo atatu amoyo wamunthu: zokongoletsa, zamakhalidwe ndi zachipembedzo. Malinga ndi wolemba, gawo lalikulu kwambiri pakukula kwa anthu ndichipembedzo.
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, nkhani ina yofunika kwambiri ya Kierkegaard, The Stage of the Life Path, idasindikizidwa. Kenako cholinga chake chinali pa ntchito ina ya wafilosofi "Mantha ndi Mantha", yomwe imafotokoza za kukhulupirira Mulungu.
Buku "Illness to Death" lidadzutsa chidwi pakati pa owerenga. Imeneyi inali ntchito yachipembedzo yokhudzidwa ndi kukhumudwa, zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamachimo. Mukumvetsetsa kwake, uchimo umatanthauza mawonekedwe a kukhumudwa, ndipo tchimo limayenera kuonedwa kuti silotsutsana ndi machitidwe olungama, koma chikhulupiriro.
Munthawi ya moyo wake, Soren Kierkegaard adakhala kholo lazinthu zomwe zidakhalapo - zomwe zidafikira mzaka za zana la 20, zoganizira za kukhalapo kwa umunthu. Adalankhulanso zoyipa kwambiri pamalingaliro, komanso adadzudzula omutsatira pazinthu zanzeru zanzeru.
Kierkegaard amatcha zinthu zomwe zilipo zokha zomwe sizimapereka chifukwa chodzilingalira, chifukwa kuganizira china chake, munthu amasokoneza momwe zinthu zimayendera. Zotsatira zake, chinthucho chasinthidwa kale ndikuwona motero chimatha kukhalapo.
Mu nzeru zomwe zilipo, ndi kudzera muzochitika, osati kusinkhasinkha, zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndizotheka kudziwa dziko lotizungulira. Choonadi chodziwikiratu chimazindikirika, ndipo chowonadi chopezeka chimayenera kudziwika kokha.
M'zaka zomaliza za mbiri yake, Soren Kierkegaard adadzudzula makamaka kulanda moyo wachikhristu, womwe ndi kufunitsitsa kukhala mosangalala komanso mosatekeseka komanso nthawi yomweyo nkumadzitcha Mkhristu. Mwa mitundu yonse yamphamvu, adasankha amfumu, pomwe amawona demokalase kukhala yoyipitsitsa.
Moyo waumwini
Kierkegaard ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 24, adakumana ndi Regina Olsen, yemwe anali wamkulu zaka 9. Mtsikanayo ankakondanso za filosofi, momwe achinyamata anali ndi mitu yambiri yolumikizirana.
Mu 1840, Seren ndi Regina adalengeza kudzipereka kwawo. Komabe, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo mnyamatayo anayamba kukayikira ngati angakhale banja labwino. Pankhaniyi, kutha kwa chinkhoswe, adapatula nthawi yake yonse yaulere kulemba.
Pafupifupi chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake, Kierkegaard adalembera mtsikanayo kalata yomwe adalengeza zakusokonekera. Iye anafotokoza chisankho chake ndi chakuti iye sangathe kuphatikiza ntchito ndi banja. Zotsatira zake, woganiza uja adakhala wosakwatiwa mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake ndipo sanakhale ndi ana.
Imfa
Seren Kierkegaard adamwalira pa Novembala 11, 1855 ali ndi zaka 42. Ali mkati mwa mliri wa chimfine, adadwala chifuwa chachikulu, chomwe chidamupha.
Zithunzi za Kierkegaard
