Kim Jong Il (1941 kapena 1942-2011) - Mtsogoleri waku North Korea, wandale, wachipani komanso wankhondo, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa DPRK, Secretary General wa Central Committee of the Workers 'Party of Korea, Chairman wa State Defense Committee, mwana wa Mtsogoleri Wamkulu Kim Il Sung. Generalissimo wa DPRK (atamwalira).
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Kim Jong Il, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya Kim Jong Il.
Mbiri ya Kim Jong Il
Malinga ndi zomwe Soviet idalemba, Kim Jong Il adabadwa pa February 16, 1941 (malinga ndi DPRK, pa February 16, 1942). Iye anakula ndipo anakulira m'banja la woyambitsa DPRK Kim Il Sung ndi mkazi wake Kim Jong Suk, yemwe anali mtsogoleri wachipani.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Zambiri kuchokera pa mbiri ya Kim Jong Il ndizovuta kudziwa, popeza olemba mbiri aku Soviet and North Korea amapereka zidziwitso zawo pa moyo wa Mtsogoleri Wamkulu. Amakhulupirira kuti anabadwira m'mudzi wa Vyatskoye (dera la Khabarovsk) ndipo atabadwa adatchedwa Yuri Irsenovich Kim.
Komabe, olemba mbiri yaku North Korea akuti a Kim Jong Il adabadwira mnyumba yamatabwa kumtunda kwenikweni kwa Changsubong, pafupi ndi phiri lalitali kwambiri komanso lolemekezeka ku DPRK - Paektusan.
Kuphatikiza apo, olemba mbiri amatsimikizira kuti panthawi yobadwa kwa mnyamatayo, utawaleza wapawiri komanso nyenyezi yowala idawonekera kumwamba. Umu ndi momwe kubadwa kwa mtsogoleri wakale wa Republic kumaperekedwa kwa aku North Korea lero.
Kim Jong-il anali ndi mlongo wake, Kim Kyong-hee, yemwe pambuyo pake adakhala wamkulu wamkazi yekha m'bomalo, komanso mchimwene wake wa Kim Pyeong Il.
Amakhulupirira kuti anthu aku Korea adakhala ku USSR mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse (1939-1945). Pambuyo pake, adamutengera ku Pyongyang, koma chifukwa chakuka kwa nkhondo yaku Korea (1950-1953), mwanayo adatumizidwa ku China. Kumeneko anaphunzira sukulu, ndipo kenako anabwerera kunyumba. Ku North Korea, Kim adamaliza maphunziro ake kuyunivesite komwe adaphunzira zachuma.
Wandale
Kim Jong Il ali ndi zaka za m'ma 20, adalowa nawo Workers 'Party of Korea. Monga mwana wa mutu wa DPRK, ntchito yake yandale idakula mwachangu. Zotsatira zake, adakhala Secretary of the Central Committee of the party ndikulowa m'malo mwa wapampando wachipanichi, Kim Il Sung.
Kim Jong-il akuyamba kutchedwa "Center of the Party", kutamanda ndikuyamika nzeru zake zopanda malire. Izi zisanachitike, abambo ake okha ndi omwe adalandira matamando oterowo.
M'zaka za m'ma 1980, pafupifupi nkhani zonse zandale zapakhomo zidasankhidwa ndi Kim Jong Il mwini, pomwe abambo ake adangotenga nawo mbali pamaubale apadziko lonse lapansi. Mwanjira imeneyi, Kim Il Sung adathandizira mwana wake wamwamuna ndi womutsatira kuti aphunzire payekha momwe angayendetsere zochitika m'boma.
Mu 1991, Kim Il Sung adasamutsa mphamvu za Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa Asitikali aku Korea kwa mwana wawo. Sabata imodzi atasankhidwa, Chen Il adapatsidwa ulemu wa Marshal of the Republic, ndipo patatha chaka adakhala Wapampando wa State Defense Committee mdzikolo.
Mtsogoleri waku North Korea
Mu 1994, Kim Il Sung adamwalira ndi vuto la mtima, chifukwa chake mphamvu zonse zidadutsa Kim Jong Il. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti atamwalira woyambitsa DPRK, kulira kudalengezedwa kuboma, komwe kudakhala zaka 3!
Kim Jong Il adalandira maufulu onse a mutu wa republic, kupatula udindo wa bambo. Zotsatira zake, adayamba kumutcha "Mtsogoleri Wamkulu". Pazaka 15 za utsogoleri wa DPRK, nthawi zambiri ankamuneneza ndi gulu lapadziko lonse lapansi zakuphwanya ufulu wa anthu, kuphatikiza:
- kuphedwa kwa anthu onse;
- ukapolo;
- kukakamiza kuchotsa mimba;
- kulengedwa kwa ndende zozunzirako anthu;
- kuba anthu aku South Korea ndi Japan;
- kusowa kwa ufulu wolankhula;
- kuletsa kuwerenga ndikumvera nkhani zakunja.
Koma popeza DPRK inali ndipo imakhalabe yotsekedwa kwathunthu, ndizovuta kwambiri kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa zonenedwazo. Kuphatikiza apo, muulamuliro wa Kim Jong Il, kupembedza kwamunthu kudakulirakulira. "Mtsogoleri wamkulu" adayamikiridwa ndikupembedzedwa mwanjira iliyonse, akunena zabwino zokha za iye.
Zithunzi za mtsogoleriyo zimayenera kukhala m'malo onse aboma, ndipo kutsutsidwa kulikonse kumalangidwa ndikuthamangitsidwa m'misasa yachibalo. Wambiri Kim Jong Il, monga abambo ake, anaphunzira mosamala osati m'mabungwe a maphunziro, komanso ku kindergartens.
Munthu aliyense waku North Korea amayenera kudziwa kuti ali ndi ngongole yokwanira kukhala ndi moyo wachimwemwe kwa mtsogoleri wa DPRK. Mabuku kapena manyuzipepala onse adayamba ndi zomwe a Kim Jong Il adalemba, ndakatulo ndi ma odesi oyamika adalembedwa pomupatsa ulemu, ndipo tsiku lobadwa lake lidadziwika kuti ndi limodzi mwa maholide akulu mdzikolo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nzika za republic zimakhulupirira kuti Kim Jong Il ndi wolemba waluso yemwe adapanga ma opera 6 abwino m'zaka 2, komanso wasayansi yemwe ndi mlembi wazantchito zofunikira pa filosofi, zaluso, zolemba, mbiri ndi ndale.
Kuphatikiza apo, aku North Korea ali ndi chidaliro kuti Kim Jong Il ndiye womanga nyumba yemwe adapanga Juche Tower ku Pyongyang. Ndiwonso katswiri wazophikira yemwe adaphika hamburger woyamba padziko lapansi; golfer wabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi; Katswiri wodziwika pa intaneti komanso mafoni.
Moyo waumwini
Kwazaka zambiri za mbiri yake, Kim Jong Il anali wokwatiwa nthawi 4. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anali ndi ana amuna atatu. Komabe, malinga ndi magwero osavomerezeka, anali bambo wa ana 17, 9 mwa iwo adabadwa kunja kwaukwati.
Mkazi woyamba wa mtsogoleriyo anali Song Hye Rim. Mgwirizanowu, banjali linali ndi mwana wamwamuna, Kim Jong Nam. Ngakhale anali mwana woyamba kubadwa wa abambo ake komanso olowa m'malo mwake, sanatchulidwe kuti ndi olowa m'malo a Kim Jong Il. Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti mu unyamata wake mobwerezabwereza anayesa kupita kunja, zomwe zinachititsa manyazi lonse.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti paulendo wake waku China, Kim Jong Nam adavomereza kuti alibe chidwi ndi ndale. Mu 2017, adaphedwa pa eyapoti ina yaku Malaysia.
Nthawi yachiwiri Kim Jong Il adakwatirana ndi Kim Yong Suk (amamuwona ngati mkazi yekhayo wovomerezeka). Muukwati uwu, mtsikana wotchedwa Kim Seol Song adabadwa, yemwe anali mlembi wa abambo ake.
Mkazi wachitatu wa mtsogoleri waku North Korea anali wovina komanso wochita sewero Ko Yeon Hee. Anabereka mwamuna wake mtsikana wotchedwa Kim Ye Jong ndi ana amuna awiri, Kim Jong Chol ndi Kim Jong Un. Otsatirawo adzatsogolera DPRK.
Mkazi wachinayi komanso womaliza wa Kim Jong Il anali msungwana wotchedwa Kim Ok, yemwe anali wocheperako zaka 20 kuposa womusankha. Malinga ndi magwero ena, mayiyu tsopano ali m'manja mwa Kim Jong-un.
Imfa
Kim Jong Il adamwalira pa Disembala 17, 2011 ali ndi zaka 69 kapena 70. Si chinsinsi kuti mzaka zaposachedwa adadwala kwambiri. Mtsogoleriyo adadwala matenda ashuga komanso matenda amtima.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mwamunayo samasamala zaumoyo wake. Amasuta ndudu zambiri tsiku lililonse ndipo adali chizolowezi cha cognac. Kuyambira lero, palibe mtundu umodzi wokhudza malo amwalirako. Malinga ndi zomwe boma limanena, wandaleyo adamwalira m'sitima yake yankhondo, momwe amayendera boma.
Malinga ndi mtundu wina, Kim Jong Il adamwalira kunyumba. Zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti afe ndi matenda amtima. Lero, thupi la mtsogoleri womwalirayo lili ku Kumsusan mausoleum.
Chithunzi ndi Kim Jong Il
