Kirk Douglas (dzina lenileni Iser Danilovich, pambuyo pake Demsky(b. 1916) ndi wochita sewero waku America, wopanga makanema, wolemba, wopereka mphatso zachifundo komanso kazembe wakale Wachifundo ku US State department.
Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Kirk Douglas, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya Kirk Douglas.
Mbiri ya Kirk Douglas
Kirk Douglas adabadwa pa Disembala 9, 1916 ku American Amsterdam (New York). Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja losauka lachiyuda.
Kirk anali mwana yekhayo wa makolo ake. Kuphatikiza pa iye, abambo ake, Gershl Danielovich, ndi amayi, Briana Sanglel, anali ndi ana akazi ena 6.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Zaka 6 Kirk asanabadwe, makolo ake adasamukira mumzinda wa Chausy ku Russia (komwe tsopano ndi ku Belarus) kupita ku United States. Atafika ku America, banjali linasintha mayina ndi mayina awo, kukhala Harry ndi Berta Demsky.
Mwana wawo wamwamuna yemwe amayembekezeredwa kwa nthawi yayitali adabadwa, adamutcha Yser (Izya). Komabe, chifukwa chodana mobwerezabwereza ndi anti-Semitic, mtsogolomo mnyamatayo adasintha dzina lake kukhala Kirk Douglas.
Popeza banja limakhala losauka kwambiri, wosewera wamtsogolo amayenera kugwira ntchito ali mwana. Ankagwira ntchito yogulitsa nyuzipepala komanso chakudya, komanso kugwira ntchito ina iliyonse.
Kirk Douglas adayamba kulota zantchito yakusewera ku pulayimale. Iye ankakonda zisudzo, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri ankachita zisudzo za ana kunyumba.
Nditamaliza sukulu, mnyamatayo anakhala wophunzira wa koleji. Nthawi yonse ya mbiri yake, amakonda kukangana, chifukwa adatha kulandira maphunziro a zamasewera.
Ali ndi zaka 23, Kirk adalowa mu American Academy of Dramatic Arts.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Douglas analibe ndalama zolipirira maphunziro ake ku yunivesite, koma adakwanitsa kupatsa chidwi kwa aphunzitsi kotero kuti adapatsidwa maphunziro.
Ali mwana, Kirk amayenera kupeza ndalama ngati woperekera zakudya, koma sanadandaule za moyo.
Chakumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse (1939-1945), a Douglas adalembedwa usilikali. Mnyamatayo akadatha kupewa ntchito chifukwa cha kusawona bwino, koma sanatero.
M'malo mwake, Kirk adakweza maso ake ndi machitidwe apadera amaso ndikupita kutsogolo. Mu 1944, msirikali adadwala kamwazi, chifukwa chake madotolo adaganiza zomuchotsa.
Makanema
Nkhondo itatha, Douglas adayamba kuchita zinthu mozama. Anasewera zisudzo, kutenga nawo mbali m'mapulogalamu apawailesi, komanso kuchita nawo malonda.
Posakhalitsa, mnzake wapamtima wa Kirk, a Lauren Beckall, adamuwonetsa kwa wopanga. Chifukwa cha izi, adayamba kuwonekera pazenera lalikulu mu The Strange Love ya Martha Ivers (1946).
Kanemayo adachita bwino kwambiri ndipo adasankhidwa kukhala Mphotho ya Academy ya Best Screenplay. Zochita za Douglas zidalandiridwa bwino ndi omvera komanso otsutsa makanema.
Wojambulayo adayamba kupatsidwa maudindo osiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake adachita nawo matepi 1-2 chaka chilichonse.
Mu 1949, Kirk anapatsidwa udindo waukulu mu filimuyi "Champion". Kuwonetsa kuchita bwino, adasankhidwa Oscar kwa nthawi yoyamba mgulu la Best Actor.
Pokhala wojambula wotchuka, Douglas adasaina mgwirizano ndi Warner Bros. Film Company.
Pambuyo pake, Kirk adasewera m'mafilimu ngati "Letter to Three Wives", "Detective Story", "Juggler", "Bad and Beautiful" ndi ena ambiri. Powombera tepi yomaliza, adasankhidwanso kuti apange Oscar, koma nthawi ino sanakwanitse kupeza chifanizo chotchuka.
Mu 1954, Douglas adasewera mu kanema wopeka wa sayansi 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, kutengera buku la Jules Verne. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nthawi imeneyo tepi iyi idakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri m'mbiri ya studio ya "Walt Disney".
Patadutsa zaka ziwiri, Kirk Douglas adatsogolera gawo loti Lust for Life, pomwe adasewera Vincent Van Gogh. Wochita seweroli adatsimikiziranso luso lake lochita masewerawa popeza adapatsidwa Golden Globe ya Best Actor.
Pambuyo pake Douglas adapanga kampani yopanga makanema, ndipo adadzatcha dzina la amayi ake, a Brian Production. Makanema monga Paths of Glory, Vikings ndi Spartacus adawomberedwa pansi pake. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti maudindo akuluakulu adapita kwa Kirk Douglas yemweyo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mbiriyakale "Spartacus" adapatsidwa ma Oscars anayi. Ndi bajeti ya $ 12 miliyoni, chithunzicho chidakhala chokwera mtengo kwambiri ku Universal mu 1960, ndikupanga pafupifupi $ 23 miliyoni ku box office.
Wosewerayo amatcha gawo lomwe amakonda kwambiri kuti azikagwira ntchito kumadzulo "Daredevils Alone", komwe adayenera kusintha kukhala woweta ng'ombe wosimidwa.
Kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo, anthu aku America adatopa ndi makanema akumadzulo komanso ankhondo, ndipo zoyesayesa za Douglas zoyesa chithunzi chatsopano m'mafilimu "Mgwirizano" ndi "Abale" zidalephera.
Kuchita bwino kwina kunabweretsa Kirk "Squad" yakumadzulo, yotulutsidwa m'mazenera mu 1975, pomwe adasewera Marshal Howard, kutsatira gulu la zigawenga.
Pogwira ntchitoyi, Douglas adasankhidwa kukhala Golden Bear ku Berlin International Film Festival.
Imodzi mwa ntchito zomaliza zomenyedwa ndi nyenyezi yaku Hollywood ndi Harry Agensky mu nthabwala "Daimondi". Mu 1996, Kirk Douglas anadwala sitiroko, chifukwa sanathe kuchita mafilimu kwa zaka zingapo.
Kwa zaka zambiri za mbiri yake yolenga, Douglas adasewera m'mafilimu 90.
Moyo waumwini
Ali mwana, Kirk Douglas anali ndi masewera othamanga komanso maso owonetsetsa. Amadziwika ndi azimayi, kuphatikiza ojambula otchuka Joan Crawford ndi Marlene Dietrich.
Mu 1943, ali patchuthi pang'ono atavulala, Kirk adatenga wophunzira mnzake Diana Dill kukhala mkazi wake. Muukwatiwu, banjali linali ndi ana awiri - Michael ndi Joel.
Pambuyo pake Douglas adakwatirana ndi zisudzo Anne Bidense, yemwe adabereka anyamata ena awiri - Peter ndi Eric. Ana onse ojambulawo amalumikizanso miyoyo yawo ndi kuchita, koma Michael Douglas anali wopambana kwambiri.
Kirk Douglas lero
Kumapeto kwa 2016, Kirk Douglas adakondwerera zaka zana limodzi, zomwe zidabweretsa anthu ambiri otchuka.
Kulankhula kwa alendo omwe adabwera, ngwazi yamasiku amenewo idaphunzitsidwiratu ndi othandizira pakulankhula. Steven Spielberg anali mlendo wolemekezeka madzulo.
Pa moyo wake, Douglas adafalitsa mabuku 10 ndi zikumbutso. Kuyambira lero, ali mu TOP 20 Malest Male Males of the classic Hollywood movie screen.
Chithunzi ndi Kirk Douglas
