Mu 1586, mwa lamulo la Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich, mzinda wa Tyumen, mzinda woyamba waku Russia ku Siberia, udakhazikitsidwa pamtsinje wa Tura, pafupifupi makilomita 300 kum'mawa kwa mapiri a Ural. Poyamba, amakhala makamaka ndi anthu ogwira ntchito, omwe nthawi zonse amamenyera nkhondo zosamukasamuka. Kenako malire a Russia adapita kutali kum'mawa, ndipo Tyumen adasandulika tawuni yamagawo.
Moyo watsopano udapumira mwa kusamutsa mphambano yamagalimoto kuchokera ku Tobolsk kumpoto kwa mzindawu. Kubwera kwa Njanji ya Trans-Siberia kunalimbikitsa chidwi chachitukuko cha mzindawo. Pomaliza, kukula kwa minda yamafuta ndi gasi kumapeto kwachiwiri kwa zaka za m'ma 2000 kunapangitsa mzinda wa Tyumen kukhala wotukuka, womwe anthu ake akukula ngakhale munthawi yamavuto azachuma komanso azachuma.
M'zaka za zana la 21, mawonekedwe a Tyumen asintha. Zipilala zonse zofunikira zakale, malo azikhalidwe, mahotela ku Tyumen, okwerera masitima apamtunda komanso eyapoti adamangidwanso. Mzindawu uli ndi bwalo lamasewera lalikulu, phula lokongola komanso paki yamadzi yayikulu kwambiri ku Russia. Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa moyo, Tyumen nthawi zonse amakhala pakati pa atsogoleri.
1. Kuphatikizana kwa m'matawuni a Tyumen, komwe kumaphatikizapo midzi 19 yomwe ili pafupi ndi Tyumen, ili ndi malo okwana 698.5 mita lalikulu. Km. Izi zimapangitsa Tyumen kukhala mzinda wachisanu ndi chimodzi waukulu ku Russia. Ndi okhawo a Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd, Perm ndi Ufa. Nthawi yomweyo, chitukuko chamatauni ndi zomangamanga zimakhala gawo limodzi lokha la gawo lonselo - Tyumen ili ndi malo okukulira.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa 2019, anthu 788.5 zikwi zambiri amakhala ku Tyumen - pang'ono (pafupifupi 50 zikwi) kuposa Togliatti, komanso zochepa zochepa kuposa ku Saratov. Potengera kuchuluka kwa anthu, Tyumen amakhala pa 18th ku Russia. Nthawi yomweyo, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, mzindawu udakhala m'malo 49 mu Ufumu wa Russia, ndipo kuyambira mzaka za 1960, kuchuluka kwa anthu a ku Tyumen kwachulukiranso kanayi. Mzindawu umalamulidwa ndi anthu aku Russia - pafupifupi 9 mwa anthu 10 aku Tyumen ndi aku Russia.
3. Ngakhale kuti Tyumen ili kale ku Siberia, mtunda wochokera mumzinda kupita kumizinda ina ikuluikulu yaku Russia siwowoneka bwino. Ku Moscow kuchokera ku Tyumen 2,200 km, kupita ku St. Petersburg - 2900, pamtunda womwewo kuchokera ku Tyumen ndi Krasnodar. Irkutsk, kutali kwambiri kwa okhala ku Europe gawo la Russia, ili ku Tyumen pamtunda wofanana ndi Sochi - 3,100 km.
4. Anthu okhala ku Tyumen nthawi zambiri amatcha dera lawo kukhala lalikulu kwambiri ku Russia. Pali chinyengo mwa ichi. Choyamba, kuphatikiza "dera lalikulu kwambiri" kumadziwika kuti ndi "dera lalikulu kwambiri", "mutu waukulu kwambiri wa federation". M'malo mwake, Republic of Yakutia ndi Krasnoyarsk Territory ndi akulu kwambiri m'chigawo kuposa Chigawo cha Tyumen, chomwe, chimatenga malo achitatu okha. Kachiwiri, ndipo malo achitatuwa akutengedwa ndi dera la Tyumen, poganizira zigawo za Yamalo-Nenets ndi Khanty-Mansiysk. Pakati pa madera "oyera", kupatula Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug ndi Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tyumenskaya imatenga malo a 24, ikulola pang'ono kugawo la Perm. 
Mapu a dera la Tyumen ndi Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug ndi Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Dera la Tyumen palokha ndi gawo lakumwera kwambiri
5. Kale kumapeto kwa zaka za XIX ku Tyumen panali circus yeniyeni komanso malo osangalatsa. Maseketi - hema wachinsalu, wotambasulidwa pamwamba pa chipilala chachikulu - anali pamalo omwewo pomwe circus ya Tyumen ili pano. Paki yachisangalalo yokhala ndi nyumba (tsopano malo oterewa azitchedwa zisudzo zosiyanasiyana) inali pafupi, pamphambano ya misewu ya Khokhryakova ndi Pervomayskaya. Tsopano sukulu imayima pamalo a ma carousels ndi zokopa.
6. Ngakhale kuti Tyumen anali malo akutali a boma la Russia kwanthawi yayitali, kunalibe miyala yamiyala kuzungulira mzindawo. Anthu okhala ku Tyumen amayenera kumenyana ndi anthu osamukasamuka okha, ndipo samadziwa momwe angakonde kuwomberamo malingawo. Chifukwa chake, abwanamkubwa a Tyumen amangokhalira kugwira ntchito zomanga nyumba zodulidwa kapena zosemedwa ndikukonzanso ndikukonzanso. Nthawi yokhayo ndendeyo idayenera kukhala mu 1635. Anthu a Chitata analanda midzi ndipo analowa m'makoma, koma zinali zokhazo. Kuyesera kumenyedwako kudanyansidwa, koma Atata adanyenga. Poyesa kuthawa mumzindawu, adakopa anthu a ku Tyumen, omwe amawatsatira, kuti amubisalire ndikupha aliyense.
7. Poyambira, njira yopezera madzi ku Tyumen idayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1864. Komabe, iyi sinali njira yolondolera mozungulira mzindawo, koma malo opumirako madzi omwe ankapereka madzi m'mbali mwa msewu wa Vodoprovodnaya kupita padziwe lazitsulo mkatikati mwa mzindawu. Tinatenga madzi padziwe tokha. Zinali kupita patsogolo kwakukulu - zinali zovuta kwambiri kunyamula Tura m'madzi kuchokera kugombe lotsetsereka. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, njira yopezera madzi idayamba kusintha, ndipo pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, anthu olemera kwambiri ku Tyumen, komanso maofesi ndi mabizinesi, anali ndi mapaipi osiyana ndi madzi awo. Malipiro amadzi anali okhumudwitsa kwambiri. Anthu okhala m'matawuni amalipira ma ruble 50 mpaka 100 pachaka, kuchokera kumabizinesi omwe amamenyera ma ruble 200 ndi 300. Zosungidwazo zidasunga kalata yochokera ku nthambi ya Tyumen ya State Bank of Russia ndikupempha kuti achepetse ndalama zamadzi pachaka kuchokera pa 200 mpaka 100 rubles. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito zonse pakukhazikitsa njira zopezera madzi zidachitika ndi nzika ndi mabizinesi pamalipiro awo.
8. Dera la Tyumen lidawonekera mu 1944 panthawi yosintha kayendetsedwe ka dera la Omsk, lomwe linali lalikulu kwambiri. Dera lomwe linali litangokhazikitsidwa kumene linali Tyumen, Tobolsk yowonongeka, mizinda ingapo yomwe udindowu udaperekedwa kale (ngati Salekhard yaying'ono kwambiri), ndi midzi yambiri. M'mapwando ndi zachuma, mawu oti "Tyumen ndiye likulu la midzi" adabadwa nthawi yomweyo - amatero, dera lonyasa. Mfundo yakuti Tyumen anali ndipo ikhalabe mzinda woyamba waku Russia ku Siberia, zikuwoneka, sizinaganiziridwe.
9. Tyumen ndiye likulu la ogwira mafuta, koma ku Tyumen palokha, monga akunenera, palibe fungo lamafuta. Munda wamafuta wapafupi ndi mzindawu uli pafupifupi 800 km kuchokera ku Tyumen. Komabe, sitinganene kuti Tyumen ikukweza ulemerero wa ogwira mafuta. Kupezeka kwakukulu kwa ogwira ntchito mafuta kumachitika panjanji ya Trans-Siberia yomwe imadutsa mzindawo. Ndipo zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, anali Tyumen womwe unali mzinda woyamba womwe ogwira ntchito zamafuta ndi gasi adaona akubwerera kuchokera ku wotchi yawo. 
Ngakhale nsanja yoyamba ya TV ku Tyumen inali chida chamafuta chenicheni. Tsopano pali chizindikiro chosaiwalika cha iye
S. I. Kolokolnikov
10. Galimoto yoyamba komanso yokhayo ku Tyumen mpaka 1919 inali ya wamalonda wobadwa naye Stepan Kolokolnikov. Mwini nyumba yayikulu yamalonda, komabe, ankadziwika ndi anthu a ku Tyumen osati chifukwa cha galimoto yake yokha. Anali wopereka mphatso zachifundo komanso wopindulitsa. Adalipira ndalama zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi azimayi, masukulu a People's and Commerce. Kolokolnikov anaika ndalama zambiri zowonjezera Tyumen, ndipo mkazi wake anaphunzitsa maphunziro kusukulu. Stepan Ivanovich anali wachiwiri kwa First State Duma, pambuyo pempho la Vyborg adakhala miyezi itatu m'ndende yapakati ya Tyumen - boma la tsarist linali wankhanza. Ndipo mu 1917, a Bolsheviks adampatsa kuti adzalandire kangapo madandaulo a 2 miliyoni. Kolokolnikov ndi banja lake komanso Prime Minister woyamba wa Providenceal Government Georgy Lvov adatha kuthawira ku United States. Kumeneko adamwalira mu 1925 ali ndi zaka 57.
11. Ntchito yozimitsa moto ku Tyumen yakhalapo kuyambira 1739, koma ozimitsa moto a Tyumen sanathe kudzitama ndi kupambana kulikonse. Mzinda wamatabwa unamangidwa modzaza, mchilimwe kumatentha kwambiri ku Tyumen, ndikovuta kupita kumadzi - malo abwino pamoto. Malinga ndi kukumbukira kwa wokhala ku Tyumen, Alexei Ulybin, koyambirira kwa zaka za makumi awiri, moto unali pafupifupi sabata iliyonse mchilimwe. Ndipo nsanja yomwe idakalipo mpaka pano ndi yachiwiri m'mbiri ya mzindawu. Woyamba, monga dipatimenti yonse yozimitsa moto, adawotcha kuchokera pagalimoto la woyendetsa woledzera yemwe adagona padenga la udzu wa ozimitsa moto. Pokhapo pansi paulamuliro wa Soviet, nyumba zikamamangidwa ndi njerwa ndi miyala, moto udachepetsedwa.
Libra tyumen
12. Masikelo "Tyumen" amatha kuonedwa ngati chiwonetsero cha malonda aku Soviet. Aliyense amene adapitako ku golosale yaku Soviet Union azikumbukira chipangizochi chachikulu chokhala ndi mbale zazikulu ndi zazing'ono m'mbali mwake ndi thupi lowongoka lokhala ndi muvi pakati. M'chigawo cha Libra Tyumen titha kuwona tsopano. Nzosadabwitsa - kuyambira 1959 mpaka 1994, fakitale yopanga zida za Tyumen idatulutsa mamiliyoni ambiri. Masikelo "Tyumen" adatumizidwanso ku South America. Iwo amapangidwabe pang'ono, ndipo chomeracho ku Novosibirsk chimapanga masikelo ake, koma pansi pa dzina "Tyumen" - chikwangwani!
13. Tyumen yamakono ndi mzinda wabwino komanso wabwino. Ndipo malinga ndi kafukufuku wa nzika, mzindawu, komanso malinga ndi mavoti osiyanasiyana, umakhala m'malo okwezeka kwambiri ku Russia. Ndipo pre-Revolutionary Tyumen, m'malo mwake, anali wotchuka chifukwa cha zonyansa zake. Ngakhale misewu yapakatikati ndi mabwalo anali m'manda kwenikweni pansi ndi zikwi za mapazi, ziboda ndi mawilo amatope. Malo oyala miyala oyamba adangowonekera mu 1891. Wolowa m'malo pampando wachifumu, Emperor Emperor Nicholas II wamtsogolo, anali kubwerera kuchokera kuulendo wakummawa kudzera ku Siberia. Panali kuthekera kuti njira yolowa m'malo idzadutsa Tyumen. Mofulumira, misewu yapakati pa mzindawu idakulungidwa ndi miyala. Olowa m'malowo adapita pagawo laku Europe la Russia kudzera ku Tobolsk, ndipo mayendedwe ake adatsalira ku Tyumen.
14. Tyumen titha kuwona ngati likulu la biathlon ku Russia. Kapangidwe kamakono ka biathlon "Ngale ya Siberia" yamangidwa pafupi ndi mzindawu. Amayenera kuchititsa 2021 Biathlon World Cup, koma chifukwa chazovuta za doping, ufulu wokhala nawo World Cup adachotsedwa ku Tyumen. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kuti, "machitidwe osayenera", mpikisano wa Olimpiki, wobadwira ku Tyumen, Anton Shipulin, sanaloledwe kutenga nawo gawo pa Olimpiki a 2018. Udindo wampikisano wa Olimpiki mu biathlon umanyamulidwanso ndi wotsogolera wamkulu wa dipatimenti yamasewera a Tyumen, a Luiza Noskova. A Alexei Volkov ndi Alexander Popov, omwe adabadwira mderali, amawerengedwanso kuti ndi nzika za ku Tyumen. Anastasia Kuzmina nayenso anabadwira ku Tyumen, koma mlongo wa Anton Shipulin tsopano akubweretsa kutchuka pamasewera ku Slovakia. Koma masewera Tyumen ndi wamphamvu osati biathlon. Osewera Olimpiki a Boris Shakhlin (olimbitsa thupi), Nikolai Anikin (kutsetsereka kumtunda) ndi Rakhim Chakhkiev (nkhonya) adabadwira mumzinda kapena m'chigawochi. Makamaka okonda dziko la Tyumen amawerengera ngakhale Maria Sharapova pakati pa anthu okhala ku Tyumen - wosewera wotchuka wa tenisi adabadwira mumzinda wa Nyagan, womwe uli ku Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Zowona, adayamba kusewera tenisi ali ndi zaka 4 atasamukira ku Sochi, koma palibe amene angaletse kubadwa.
Chipilala cha A. Tekutyev
15. Tyumen Bolshoi Drama Theatre ndi yayikulu kwambiri - imagwira ntchito munyumba yayikulu kwambiri ku Russia. Tsiku lovomerezeka la zisudzo limawerengedwa kuti ndi 1858 - ndiye kuti zisudzo zoyambirira zidachitika ku Tyumen. Idakonzedwa ndi gulu la akatswiri. Malo owonetsera akatswiri adakhazikitsidwa mu 1890 ndi wamalonda Andrey Tekutyev. Mpaka chaka cha 2008, bwaloli lidagwira ntchito munyumba yomwe idasandutsidwa kuchokera ku malo ena akale a Tekutyev, kenako ndikusamukira kunyumba yachifumu yapano. Chotero Evgeny Matveev ndi Pyotr Velyaminov ankasewera ku Tyumen Drama Theatre. Ndipo polemekeza Andrei Tekutyev ku Tyumen, amatchedwa boulevard, pomwe pamakhala chipilala cha oyang'anira zaluso. 
16. Tyumen unali mzinda wosiyanasiyana, kunalibe olemekezeka, ngakhale olemekezeka kwambiri mzindawo. Mbali inayi, moyo wamba wonse unali wapamwamba kuposa ku Europe Russia. Osati amalonda olemera ndi akuluakulu aku Tyumen nthawi zambiri amakondwerera tchuthi poyitanitsa mabanja 15 mpaka 20. Alendowa adapatsidwa mbale zosavuta, koma osati mitundu yonse yosavuta. Zabwino zonse tidamwa magalasi angapo a mowa panjira, pomwe panali mitundu ingapo ya soseji, nyama yozizira, nkhaka, nyama zosuta, ndi zina zambiri. Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi mchere, magule, makhadi, komanso pafupi kutha kwamadzulo, zidutswa mazana ambiri zidaperekedwa, zomwe zidasangalatsidwa ndi alendo. Mosiyana ndi likulu, okhala ku Tyumen adayamba tchuthi nthawi ya 2 - 3 koloko masana, ndipo pofika 9 koloko masana aliyense amakonda kupita kwawo.
17. Poyang'ana malongosoledwe operekedwa ndi Jules Verne munkhani ya "Mikhail Strogoff", Tyumen anali wotchuka chifukwa cha kupanga kwake belu ndi belu. Ngakhale ku Tyumen, malinga ndi wolemba wotchuka, zinali zotheka kuwoloka Mtsinje wa Tobol ndi boti, lomwe limadutsa kumwera chakum'mawa kwa mzindawu. 
Chikumbutso cha ana asukulu a Tyumen omwe adamwalira kunkhondo
18. Pa June 22, 1941, ofesi yolembetsa usilikali ku Tyumen, kuwonjezera pa njira zoyeserera, idalandila pafupifupi 500 kuchokera kwa anthu ongodzipereka. Mu mzinda wokhala ndi anthu pafupifupi 30,000, magawo atatu a mfuti, magulu odana ndi thanki ndi omenyera akasinja pang'onopang'ono adapangidwa (poganizira mbadwa za midzi yoyandikana ndi omwe adapulumuka). Anayenera kulowa nawo nkhondoyi m'miyezi yovuta kwambiri yankhondo. Anthu opitilira 50,000 a Tyumen ndi derali amadziwika kuti afa. Nzika za mzindawu, Captain Ivan Beznoskov, Sergeant Viktor Bugaev, Captain Leonid Vasiliev, Senior Lieutenant Boris Oprokidnev ndi Captain Viktor Khudyakov adapatsidwa ulemu wa Hero of the Soviet Union.
19. Malinga ndi funso la imodzi mwa nyuzipepala zakomweko, munthu atha kudziona ngati Tyumen ngati angadziwe kuti Tsvetnoy Boulevard ndiye msewu wapakati mumzinda, osati umodzi mwamisewu ya Moscow, pomwe pali circus; Tura ndi mtsinje womwe Tyumen imayimilira, ndipo chidutswa cha chess chimatchedwa "rook"; ku Tyumen kulibe nthawi yayitali kwambiri, koma yayitali kwambiri, yomwe ndi chipilala chamkuwa kwa Vladimir Lenin. Chithunzicho, pafupifupi 16 mita kutalika, sikuti chimangopereka ulemu kwa mtsogoleri wa dziko lonse lapansi, komanso chimakumbutsa kuti thupi la Lenin panthawi ya Great Patriotic War lidasungidwa ku Tyumen, pomanga sukulu yophunzitsa zaulimi.
Nyengo ku Tyumen ndiyokulira ku Continental. Ndi mtengo wapakati wa kutentha kwa chilimwe +17 - + 25 ° С ndi kutentha kwanyengo -10 - -19 ° С, chilimwe kutentha kumatha kukwera mpaka +30 - + 37 ° С, ndipo nthawi yozizira imatha kutsika mpaka -47 ° С. Anthu okhala ku Tyumen amakhulupirira kuti mzaka zaposachedwa, nyengo, makamaka nthawi yachisanu, yakhala yocheperako, ndipo chisanu chowawa chimayamba pang'onopang'ono kukhala gawo la nkhani za agogo. Ndipo kutalika kwa masiku otentha ku Tyumen tsopano ndikotalika kwachitatu kuposa ku Moscow.
