Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 20, mankhusu adayamba kuwonekera m'misewu yamizinda yaku Russia. Agalu oseketsa akuda ndi oyera okhala ndi maso a buluu adakopa chidwi, kukakamiza eni ake kuti azilongosola mosalekeza kuti uwu siwofatsa, koma mtundu wosiyana.
Kukula kwachidziwikire kwa husky sikunalepheretsedwe ngakhale chifukwa cha zovuta za agalu amtunduwu. Huskies amakhala ngati amphaka kuposa agalu - amakhalanso osakhala ndi eni ake, koma pafupi ndi eni ake. Iwo ndi anzeru komanso akufuna. Ngakhale agalu aulemu amatsata malamulo pongowunika momwe ntchitoyo ikufunika. Huskies ndiotsogola kwambiri, ndipo kwa eni ake ndizochepa - agalu atha kutsegulira chidutswa chosavuta kapena kutsegulira chitseko cha khomo kuti apeze chithandizo. Ndipo atatha kulanda chakudya ndikuzindikira zaumbanda, husky adzayang'ana mwiniyo ndi mawu okhudza mtima.
Panjira zonse zopotoka, mankhusu sakonda ana ndipo amasangalala kusewera ndi makanda ndikuwasamalira. Komabe, amamvera munthu m'modzi yekha, abale ena kapena omwe amawadziwa si ali ndi udindo wawo. Nazi zina zambiri komanso nkhani zomwe zingakuthandizeni kudziwa ma huskies ndikuwamvetsetsa.
1. M'malo mwake, dzina loti "husky" lidawonekera kale kuposa momwe mtunduwo umakhalira. Ogwira ntchito oyamba a Hudson's Bay Company (omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu 1670) adayitana agalu onse a Eskimo ndi mawu awa. Amawatcha ma Eskimo okha "Eski". Pomwe mu 1908 wamalonda waku Russia komanso wogulitsa golide Ilya Gusak adabweretsa ma huskies oyamba ku Siberia ku Alaska, anthu am'deralo poyamba amawatcha "makoswe" - miyendo ya husky inali yayifupi kuposa ija ya agalu odziwika kale. Mankhusu sanapeze kutchuka kwambiri m'mipikisano yamagalu agalu, kamodzi kokha m'mitundu itatu yoyamba adakwanitsa kukwera mpaka malo achitatu. Koma kuphatikiza kwa liwiro labwino, kupirira, kukana chisanu komanso malingaliro otukuka zidapangitsa kuti omwe akuyendetsa golide avomereze kuti mtunduwo ndiwofunika ngati galu wonyamula katundu. Gander, yemwe adadzakhala William ku Alaska, adasokonekera ndikugulitsa mankhusu ake. Iwo omwe adapeza agalu ake adatha kukulitsa mtunduwo ndikupanga machenjerero a galu kuti kwa nthawi yayitali mankhusu azilamulira mipikisanoyi. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mawu oti "husky" okhala ndi ziganizo zosiyanasiyana adayamba kuyitanira agalu ambiri a gulaye. Koma chodalirika kwambiri, kutchulidwa kwa mitundu iyi ndi Husky waku Siberia.
2. Mu 1925, Leonard Seppala, odziwika bwino ku Alaska musher (woyendetsa galu), wochokera ku Norway ndi dziko, ndipo gulu lake, lotsogozedwa ndi husky wotchedwa Togo, adakhala otsogola pantchito yopereka katemera wa diphtheria mumzinda wa Nome. Seramu idaperekedwa ku Anchorage, opitilira 1,000 makilomita kuchokera ku Nome. Mvula yamkuntho yoopsa idali ikuwomba, kulumikizana pawailesi kunali kovuta kwambiri. Komabe, adakwanitsa kuvomereza kuti kulandirana kudzapereka katemerayu kumudzi wa Nulato, komwe Seppala ndi agalu ake amakumana naye. Anthu aku Norway ndi agalu ake anali patsogolo pa nthawiyo, ndipo modabwitsa adakumana ndi gulu lokhala ndi katemera wamakilomita 300 kuchokera ku Nome. Seppala nthawi yomweyo adabwerera, ndipo gawo lina, kuti lifupikitse nthawi, adadutsa Norton Bay. Makilomita makumi angapo anthu ndi agalu adayenda usiku, kudutsa chipale chofewa, ndikusankha njira pakati pa zotumphukira. Ndi mphamvu zake zomaliza - Togo, galu wamphamvu kwambiri mgululi, anali atataya kale miyendo - adafika mumzinda wa Golovin. Apa panali kutembenuka kutchuka chifukwa cha husky wina - Balto. Galu, yemwe amatsogolera gulu la wina waku Norway a Gunnar Kaasen, adatsogolera gululi kudzera mumtunda wopitirira ma kilomita 125 womwe udatsalira ku Nome. Zinatenga masiku 5 okha kuti athetse mliri wa diphtheria. Togo, Balto ndi madalaivala awo adakhala ngwazi, epic yawo idakutidwa kwambiri munyuzipepala. Anthu, monga mwachizolowezi, adakangana chifukwa chothandizira kupulumutsa chipulumutso cha Nome (Togo ndi Seppala adakwanitsa ma kilomita 418, Balto ndi Kaasen "okha" 125), ndipo agalu adayamba kulowa menagerie, komwe adakhala moyo womvetsa chisoni, kenako zoo. Togo adagona tulo mu 1929 ali ndi zaka 16, Balto adamwalira patatha zaka zinayi, anali ndi zaka 14. Pambuyo pa "Race Great of Mercy", pomwe kupereka katemera ku Nome kudatchedwa, palibe Togo kapena Balto omwe adachita nawo mpikisano.
3. Malinga ndi muyezo wa International Cynological Association, a Husky ndi mtundu wokhala nzika zaku America. Zowona zake zitha kufotokozedwa mosavuta. M'zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi 1930, boma la Soviet Union linayesa kukhazikitsa njira zapadera za agalu akumpoto. Anthu akumpoto anali oletsedwa kuweta agalu odziwika bwino aang'ono pang'ono, omwe amaphatikizapo mankhusu. Olaf Swenson, wamalonda waku America, adafika panjira. Ankakhala bwino ndi maboma onse ku Russia, kuyambira tsar mpaka a Bolsheviks. Svensson anali kuchita nawo malonda aubweya malinga ndi, mwina, "njira zaimvi" - ndalamazo sizinapite ku bajeti ya Soviet Russia. Mofananamo, Svensson adasewera kuwombera kwina. Chimodzi mwazinthuzi chinali kutumizira kunja kwa mankhusu angapo mozungulira. Anali agalu awa omwe aku America adalembetsa mtunduwo kukhala wawo. Mu 1932, ma huskies adatenga nawo gawo pa Lake Placid Olimpiki - aku America adawonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu oponyedwa pamiyala yamagalu. Ndipo patadutsa theka la zana, Russia idayambiranso ku Russia.
4. Huskies amaphunzitsidwa bwino pakumvera ndipo amatha kukhala ochezeka, koma osapusitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo okongola. Agogo aposachedwa kwambiri agaluwa anali achilengedwe, ndipo kunja kwa nyengo yoyendetsa anali olusa kwathunthu - a Eskimo amawadyetsa okha mu gulu. Mwachibadwa kusaka mwa iwo akadali olimba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, amphaka onse ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono omwe ali pafupi ndi husky ali pachiwopsezo. Ma Huskies amakhalanso abwino pakukumba pansi, kotero sikuti aliyense, ngakhale mpanda wowoneka wolimba, akhoza kukhala chopinga kwa iwo.
5. Amuna amakhala bwino paketi ndipo amafanana pang'ono ndi mimbulu (amalira pafupipafupi kuposa khungwa, mwachitsanzo), koma si mimbulu yomwe ili ndi zizolowezi zawo komanso kutha kuchita zinthu mwanzeru. Izi, komabe, sizinalepheretse husky kusewera gawo la mimbulu m'mafilimu monga "Beyond the Wolves" kapena "Taiga Romance".
6. Kutha kwa Husky kupirira nyengo yamkuntho sikuchepera pakatenthedwe, mphepo yamkuntho ndi mkuntho. Huskies amathanso kulekerera kutentha. Poterepa, ubweya umakhala ngati chovala ndi chovala kumutu pakati pa anthu akummawa - umawongolera kutentha. Vuto lokhalo kutentha kungakhale kusowa kwa madzi akumwa. Mwakutero, popeza kuti mtunduwo udabadwira kumpoto, sizimangotsatira konse kuti zinthu zabwino zake ndi chisanu chachikulu ndi chisanu ndi ayezi. Huskies akumva bwino pakatentha ka +15 - + 20 ° С. Chitsanzo chowonetsa: dziko lachitatu padziko lapansi potengera mankhusu ndi Italy, komwe nyengo yake ili kutali kwambiri ndi dziko la Siberia.
7. Mutha kusunga mankhusu kulikonse: mnyumba yapayokha yokhala ndi chiunda chachikulu, m'nyumba yokhala ndi bwalo laling'ono, mnyumba yonyamula ndege, m'nyumba. Pali zosiyana ziwiri: palibe chifukwa chilichonse kuyika galu unyolo ndipo mulimonse, ngakhale chipinda chaching'ono kwambiri, perekani malo ogona a husky - danga lanu. Komabe, mchipinda chaching'ono, munthu amayenera kuyang'ana danga lake.
8. Ma Huskies amakhetsa modekha, kawiri pachaka, osati mwamphamvu kwambiri. Munthawi yokhetsa, kuti muchotse ubweya wonse, kupesa kwa mphindi 10 ndikwanira. Izi zimagwira ntchito kwa agalu akulu, koma ana agalu amayenera kumangocheza nawo. Ana amakhetsa nthawi zambiri komanso mosagwirizana, chifukwa chake kuvutikira kuwathira ndi kutolera ubweya ndizochulukirapo. Kuphatikizanso kwina kwa husky ndikuti samanunkhiza ngati galu.
9. Mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, mankhusu ndi agalu osaka bwino, osinthidwa kudera lawo lochokera. Amatha kuthamangitsa masewera omwe amawakonda kwamakilomita, ngati mimbulu, osagwa chipale chofewa. Ma Huskies nawonso amasakidwa chifukwa cham'madzi ndi kumtunda, komanso ngakhale ubweya. Nthawi yomweyo, pokasaka, mankhusu amasonyeza kuti amatha kuuwa. Zowona, kuwuza mwiniwake zakomwe kuli masewerawo, akungolirabe pang'ono. Izi, zachidziwikire, zimangogwira ntchito ku mankhusu omwe amaphunzitsidwa kusaka. Galu wamba wamtunduwu, ngati mumutenga kukasaka, amawononga chilichonse chomwe angafikire.
10. Huskies ndi achabechabe ngati agalu olondera. Pofika pachimake, husky amatha kumenya nkhondo ndi galu wina yemwe amathamangira kwa mwiniwake. Mankhandwe sateteza mwini wake kwa mwamunayo (funso lina nlakuti, kodi pali ma daredevils ambiri omwe ali okonzeka kumenya munthu yemwe ali ndi husky kuthamanga pa leash). Mibadwo yakuleredwa ndi anthu akumpoto imakhudza apa. Kumpoto kwakutali, moyo wamunthu aliyense ndi wamtengo wapatali, chifukwa chake agalu amtundu womwe amawetedwa kumpoto samaukira anthu popanda chifukwa chomveka.
11. Malinga ndi miyezo ya American Kennel Club, kutalika kwa galu wamphongo pakufota sikuyenera kukhala ochepera masentimita 52.2 komanso kupitilira 59 sentimita. Tchalitchicho chiyenera kukhala pakati pa masentimita 50 ndi 55. Kulemera kwa galu kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kutalika kwake: kuyambira 20.4 mpaka 29 makilogalamu aamuna komanso kuyambira 16 mpaka 22.7 makilogalamu a bitches. Amuna ndi akazi onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri ndi osayenera.
12. Mkhalidwe wa husky sioyenera kwenikweni kuwonetsedwa pazowonetsa agalu. Chifukwa chake, kupambana kwa mankhusu ndi eni ake pazowonetsa zazikulu za agalu apadziko lonse lapansi kumatha kuwerengedwa ndi dzanja limodzi. Chifukwa chake, mu 1980, kupambana kwa a Innisfree a Sierra Cinnar, omwe akadali okhawo m'mbiri yoposa zana la chiwonetsero chachikulu kwambiri ku US "Westminster Kennel Club", kudakhala kosangalatsa. Kupambana kamodzi kwa Husky kunadziwikanso pamawonetsero agalu aku Asia komanso World Championship. Pachionetsero chotchuka kwambiri "Crafts" ku Great Britain, mankhusu sanapambane.
13. Huskies amakonda kutafuna m'manja. Izi si matenda kapena chitukuko, koma chizolowezi chobadwa nacho. Agaluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi zikhomo zawo, osalola kuti azigwira. Chizolowezi chofuna kutafuna chidafotokozedwa koyamba ndi mimba yabodza, koma kenako adazindikira kuti amuna nawonso amachita. Zinazindikiranso kuti ana agalu amtundu umodzi amatafuna mapazi awo ngati mmodzi wa iwo ayamba kuwakumana.
14. Kudera la Europe ku Russia, mankhusu adangowonekera mu 1987. Mtundu watsopano wa oweta agalu aku Russia wakhala ukufalikira kwanthawi yayitali. Mu 1993 mankhusu anayi okha omwe adachita nawo chiwonetsero cha Arta. Koma pang'onopang'ono mtunduwo unayamba kutchuka. Kale mu 2000, ana agalu 139 obadwa anabadwira ku Russia, ndipo tsopano pali agalu masauzande ambiri amtunduwu.
15. Husky metabolism ndiyapadera ndipo sanafufuzidwebe kwathunthu. Nthawi zolimbikira kwambiri, agalu amathamanga mpaka makilomita 250 ndi katundu. Nthawi yomweyo, thupi lawo limagwiritsa ntchito ma calorie ochuluka monga momwe wanjinga wapanjinga amathera poyendetsa sitepe ya 200 kilomita yothamanga njinga. Nthawi yomweyo, mankhusu amatha kugwira ntchito yawo masiku ambiri motsatizana, kukhala okhutira ndi chakudya chochepa (a Eskimo adadyetsa mankhusuwo ndi nsomba zochepa zouma), ndikupumula usiku wokha. Huskies nawonso amamwa chakudya chawo - galu amadya mopitirira muyeso pokhapokha ngati ali ndi zokoma zomwe amakonda patsogolo pake - ndipo mulibe mafuta osungira mthupi lawo.
