Nikolai Nosov (1980 - 1976) ndi m'modzi mwa olemba ana otchuka kwambiri ku Soviet. Kuperewera, monga anzawo ena, mizu yamphamvu yamaphunziro kapena maphunziro amachitidwe, Nosov adakwanitsa kupanga gulu lonse la ntchito zowala zomwe zidatchuka kwambiri pakati pa owerenga achichepere komanso pakati pa makolo awo. Nkhani zoseketsa, ngwazi zomwe sizinali ana ndi akulu okha, komanso zolengedwa zazifupi zopangidwa ndi wolemba, adalowetsa mbiri ya mabuku achi Russia. Ndipo boma lathokoza ntchito ya Nikolai Nosov ndi mphotho zingapo ndi mphotho.
Mfundo zochokera mu mbiri ya N. Nosov
1. Abambo a Nikolai Nosov anali wosewera, koma ndalama zake zambiri amachokera kuntchito njanji - akuchita zisanachitike zisankho ku Russia adalipira modzichepetsa kwambiri komanso mosasinthasintha.
2. Wolemba zamtsogolo adabadwira ku Kiev, koma zaka zake zoyambirira adazigwiritsa ntchito m'tauni ya Irpen - moyo m'maboma unali wotsika mtengo. Ana atalowa sukuluyi, banja lawo linabwerera ku Kiev.
3. Nosov anali mwana wachitatu m'banja la anayi - anali ndi mchimwene wake wamkulu komanso wocheperako komanso mlongo wachichepere.
4. Malinga ndi wolemba iyemwini, wopangidwa m'buku lake la "Chinsinsi Pansi pa Chitsime," adapanga shorty akadali wachichepere. Kenako Dunno wamtsogolo ndi abwenzi ake anali kukula kwa chala ndipo amakhala pakama lamaluwa.
Little Dunno
5. Nosov adaphunzira kuwerenga ali ndi zaka zisanu, kuwona momwe abambo ake adaphunzitsira mchimwene wake wamkulu (chaka chimodzi ndi theka) kuwerenga.
6. Mnyamatayo, yemwe amatchedwa Koka m'banjamo, adalowa malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, atachita mayeso olakwika mu Chirasha (kulamula), masamu komanso Lamulo la Mulungu.
7. Ntchito ya Nosov idayamba m'sitolo ya azakhali ake. Abale anali kusinthanasinthana ndi zinthu wamba, zomwe zinali zofunika kwambiri pamalasha.
8. Mu 1918, a Nosov onse adadwala typhus. Zinali zozizwitsa kuti palibe amene anamwalira m'banja la anthu asanu ndi mmodzi. Kolya anali womaliza kudwala, ndipo matenda ake a typhus anali oyipa kuposa ena onse.
9. Nosov mwiniwake adaphunzira kusewera mandolin. Ankafunitsitsa kuphunzira kusewera vayolini, koma ataphunzira kangapo adabisala chida chomwe adagula osabwereranso.
10. Ku sekondale, Nikolai amakonda chemistry ndipo adachita zoyeserera zoyambirira, kulemba nkhani.
11. Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni itatha, Nosov adaphunzira pasukulu ya ogwira ntchito ku Kiev. Chifukwa cha mavuto am'banja komanso zovuta zakuthupi pakuzungulira ku Kiev, adakumana ndi ana amisewu ndipo adaphunzira nawo ndakatulo ya Pushkin nawo. Ana akumisewu amawerenga bwino ku Kiev.
12. Nosov anali ndi mwayi wogwira ntchito yoyendetsa galimoto. Banjali linagula kavalo, ndipo Nikolai anagwirizana kuti achotse mitengoyo pasiteshoni ya sitima.
13. Mu 1926, Nosov adamunyenga ndi satifiketi ya zaka 18 zakubadwa (adabadwa mu 1908, koma kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira) ndipo adapeza ntchito ku fakitale ya njerwa. Nthawi yomweyo adasonkhanitsa kamera, yomwe idachita bwino kwambiri.
14. Mu 1927, Nosov adakhala wophunzira ku dipatimenti yojambula zithunzi ku Kiev Art Institute. Anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Moscow Institute of Cinematography mu 1932.
15. Kwa zaka 20 Nosov adagwira ntchito ngati director of makanema ojambula pamanja ndi zolembalemba. Pojambula makanema ophunzitsira ankhondo, adapatsidwa Order ya Red Star.
16. Atalandira Mphotho ya Stalin mu 1952, Nosov, yemwe panthawiyo anali atafalitsa nkhani zambiri ndi mabuku angapo, adayang'ana kwambiri zolembalemba.
17. Mwana wamwamuna yekhayo wa wolemba Peter amawerengedwa kuti ndiwophunzira kwambiri. Kwa zaka zopitilira 30 anali mtsogoleri wa gawo lazopanga la TASS chithunzi cha mbiri.
18. Nosov ali ndi mdzukulu wamwamuna, adzukulu aamuna awiri ndi zidzukulu zazikulu ziwiri.
19. Nosov kumapeto kwa moyo wake adadwala matenda amtima, omwe adadziwika kuti ndi matenda am'mimba.
20. Wolemba adamwalira mu 1976. Manda ake ali mu Moscow pa Kuntsevo manda.
Zowona za moyo wopanga wa N. Pambuyo pa zokumana nazo ali mwana, Nikolai sanatenge cholembera pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri, mpaka kubadwa kwa mwana wake wamwamuna.
2. Nkhani zoyamba za ana zopangidwa ndi Nosov zidawonekera pakamwa - adawauza Peter, yemwe adabadwa mu 1931. Mwana wamwamuna, komanso abwenzi ake, anali omvera oyambawo. Kuvomerezedwa kwawo kunapangitsa Nosov kuyamba kulemba nkhani zake.
3. Ntchito yoyamba yolemba wolemba ndi nkhani "Zateyniki", yomwe idasindikizidwa mu imodzi mwamagazini a "Murzilka" mu 1938.
4. M'zaka zotsatira, Nosov adasindikiza pafupifupi nkhani khumi ndi ziwiri m'magazini yomweyo.
5. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ntchito za wolemba zidasindikizidwa ngati buku lina mu 1945 - chopereka cha "Knock-knock-knock" chidafalitsidwa ku Detgiz.
6. Mu 1952, nkhani "Vitya Maleev kusukulu komanso kunyumba", yomwe idasindikizidwa chaka chatha, idalandila Mphotho ya Stalin ya digiri yachitatu.
7. Nosov ntchito osati mu mtundu wanyimbo wa nkhani ndi nkhani ana. Adalembanso zisudzo, ma feuilletons, makanema ojambula pamakatuni, ndipo anali wolemba mabuku ofotokoza mbiri yakale.
8. Zonse pamodzi, pafupifupi ntchito 80 zidasindikizidwa ndi wolemba.
9. Mu 1957, powerenga kufalitsa mabuku ndi olemba aku Soviet Union omwe matanthauzidwe awo adasindikizidwa kunja, zolemba za Nosov zidatenga malo achitatu. Izi zinali pamaso pa Dunno.
10. Nosov adagwira ntchito mozungulira mabuku okhudza Dunno ndi abwenzi ake omwe adakhala khadi yake yoyimbira zaka 12 (1953 - 1965).
11. Gawo lomaliza la trilogy lokhudza Dunno lidalandira mu 1969 Mphotho Yaboma ya RSFSR.
12. Ziwerengero za nkhani zambiri zolembedwa ndi Nosov ndizokhudzana ndi nkhani zenizeni zomwe zidachitika ndi abwenzi amwana wake komanso makolo awo.
13. Chipewa chachisoti cha Dunno ndichonso chenicheni - Nosov adakonda kudabwitsa iwo omwe anali pafupi naye ndi zipewa zazitali.
14. M'buku lake lakalembedwe kake "Chinsinsi Pansi pa Chitsime" wolemba adadzudzula yekha mwanayo chifukwa chomwazikana komanso osatha kuyika chidwi pa phunziro limodzi. Mwachidziwikire, mizu yoyipa ya Dunno ili muubwana ndi unyamata wa Nosov.
15. Dunno amayenera kukhala ngati elf - Nosov adachita chidwi ndi zochitika za ngwazi Anna Khvolson. Koma ndiye, mwachiwonekere, adakumbukira anthu ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala pabedi la maluwa ku Irpen.
16. Atsikana omwe amadziwika kuti Dunno trilogy alibe mikhalidwe yolakwika - Nosov anali kulemekeza kwambiri azimayi ndipo amayesa kulera ulemu womwewo mwa ana.
17. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti buku "Dunno pa Mwezi" litha kukhala chitsogozo ku chuma chandale cha capitalism.
18. Zithunzi zamakanema ochititsa chidwi ku "Dunno pa Mwezi" zinali zotsatsa zomwe a Kolya Nosov adadza nazo atagulitsa manyuzipepala ali mwana. Kenako amakhoza kufuula china chake ngati "Mwana wazaka zinayi wapha banja lake lonse!"
19. Makanema ndi makatuni angapo awonetsedwa malinga ndi ntchito za N. Nosov. Zaposachedwa kwambiri ndi mndandanda wamakanema "Dunno pa Mwezi" wojambulidwa mu 1997 - 1999.
20. Pa nthawi ya moyo wa wolemba, kufalitsa kwathunthu kwa zomwe adalemba kunapitilira makope 100 miliyoni.
Pomaliza, mfundo yomwe ingadzudzulidwe kwa okonda ambiri a Nikolai Nosov, omwe kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kuwerengedwa ndi mibadwo. Mpaka pano, palibe chipilala chimodzi cholemba wamkulu chomwe chilipo, kupatula mwala wamanda pamanda ake. Kukumbukira Nosov si immortalized kaya Kiev, kapena Irpen, kapena Moscow. Ngakhale chipilala chabwino kwambiri cha abambo a Dunno sichidzakhalabe mabuku ake abwino.
