Phiri la Ararati silo lalitali kwambiri padziko lapansi, koma limawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo la mbiri yakale ya m'Baibulo, chifukwa chake Mkhristu aliyense adamva za malowa ngati malo oti munthu akhale pambuyo pa chigumula chachikulu. Lero pafupifupi aliyense amatha kukwera imodzi mwa mapiri aphulika, koma kuti agonjetse madzi oundana adzafunika maphunziro apadera komanso operekeza odziwa zambiri. Dera lonselo ndilopanda anthu, ngakhale ndi lachonde komanso lokongola.
Malo okhala pa Phiri la Ararati
Ambiri amvapo za phirili, koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa komwe kuli stratovolcano. Chifukwa chakuti ku Yerevan kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro chachikulu mdzikolo, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ili m'chigawo cha Armenia. M'malo mwake, Ararati ndi gawo la Turkey, magawo ake: 39 ° 42'09 ″ s. sh., 44 ° 18'01 ″ mkati. e. Kuchokera pazambirizi, mutha kuyang'ana pa satellite, kujambula chithunzi cha phiri lodziwika bwino.
Momwemo, kuphulika kuli ndi ma cones awiri olumikizana (Akulu ndi Aang'ono), osiyana pang'ono ndi magawo awo. Mtunda pakati pa malo opangira ma crater ndi 11 km. Kutalika pamwamba pa nyanja yamchere wokulirapo ndi 5165 m, ndipo wocheperako - 3896 m. Maziko a mapiriwo ndi basalt, ngakhale kuti pafupifupi malo onsewo ali ndi chiphalaphala cholimba chaphalaphala, ndipo nsonga zake zili mkati mwa madzi oundana. Ngakhale kuti mapiriwa amakhala ndi madzi oundana 30, Ararat ndi amodzi mwamapiri ochepa omwe dera lawo silimachokera mtsinje uliwonse.
Mbiri ya kuphulika kwa stratovolcano
Malinga ndi asayansi, zochitika za kuphulika kwa mapiri zinayamba kudziwonetsera mu milenia yachitatu BC. Umboni wa izi ndi zotsalira zamatupi amunthu zomwe zimapezeka pakufukula, komanso zinthu zapanyumba zochokera ku Bronze Age.
Chiyambire kuwerengetsa kwatsopano, kuphulika kwamphamvu kwambiri kudachitika mu Julayi 1840. Kuphulika kunatsagana ndi chivomerezi, chomwe pamapeto pake chidawononga mudzi womwe uli pa Phiri la Ararat, komanso nyumba ya amonke ya St. Jacob.
Zochitika paphiri
Phiri la Ararati, chifukwa cha tanthauzo lake lachipembedzo, lakhala lili gawo lodzinenera kwamaboma angapo omwe ali pafupi. Pachifukwachi, nthawi zambiri pamabuka mafunso okhudza yemwe ali ndi gawo lino komanso m'dziko liti ndibwino kuti mupite patchuthi kuti mukwere pamwamba.
Pakati pa zaka za zana la 16 ndi 18, malire pakati pa Persia ndi Ufumu wa Ottoman adadutsa kuphulika kotchuka, ndipo nkhondo zambiri zidalumikizidwa ndi chikhumbo chokhala ndi malo achipembedzo. Mu 1828, zinthu zidasintha atasainirana Pangano la Turkmanchay. Malinga ndi zomwe ananena, Great Ararat kuchokera kumpoto adalowa m'manja mwa Ufumu wa Russia, ndipo phiri lonselo lidagawanika pakati pa mayiko atatuwa. Kwa a Nicholas I, kukhala nawo pamsonkhanowu kunali kofunika kwambiri pandale, chifukwa kunadzetsa ulemu kwa omwe anali otsutsa akale.
Mu 1921, pakhala mgwirizano watsopano, malinga ndi momwe gawo la Russia lidaperekedwera ku Turkey. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, mgwirizano ndi Persia udayamba kugwira ntchito. Malinga ndi iye, Small Ararat, komanso malo otsetsereka akummawa, adakhala cholowa cha Turkey. Pachifukwa ichi, ngati mukufuna kupambana kutalika kwakutali, muyenera kupeza chilolezo kwa akuluakulu aku Turkey.
Zowonera mwachizolowezi zokopa zachilengedwe zitha kupangidwa kuchokera kudziko lililonse, chifukwa zilibe kanthu ku Turkey kapena Armenia, zithunzi za phirilo zimatengedwa, chifukwa zonsezi zimapereka malingaliro odabwitsa. Palibe chifukwa chake pali zokambirana ku Armenia za phiri la ndani ndi zomwe Ararat iyenera kupitako, chifukwa ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha boma.
Ararati m'Baibulo
Phirili linatchuka kwambiri chifukwa limatchulidwa m’Baibulo. Lemba lachikhristu limanena kuti chingalawa cha Nowa chidasunthira kumadera aku Ararati. Inde, palibe chidziwitso chodalirika, koma pophunzira malongosoledwe amderali, amakhulupirira kuti ndi za phiri lomwe, lomwe Azungu pambuyo pake adalitcha Ararat. Mukamasulira Baibulo kuchokera ku Armenia, dzina lina limapezeka - Masis. Mwa zina, ichi chinali chifukwa chakupatsidwa dzina latsopano, lomwe lidayamba kukula pakati pa mayiko ena.
M'chipembedzo chachikhristu, mulinso nthano zonena za St. James, yemwe adaganizira zamomwe angakwere pamwamba kuti akalambire zinthu zoyera, ndipo adayesapo kangapo, koma zonse sizinapambane. Pakukwera, nthawi zonse amagona ndipo adadzuka kale kumapazi. Mmodzi mwa maloto ake, mngelo adatembenukira kwa Yakobo, yemwe adati nsanjayo siyingagonjetsedwe, chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa chokweranso, koma chifukwa cha chidwi chake woyera adzapatsidwa mphatso - tinthu tating'ono.
Nthano Zamapiri
Chifukwa chokhala pafupi ndi mayiko angapo, Phiri la Ararati ndi gawo la zopeka komanso nthano za anthu osiyanasiyana. Ena amakhulupirira kuti madzi oundana omwe asungunuka pamwamba amathandizira kuyitanitsa mbalame yozizwitsa, yomwe imatha kulimbana ndi dzombe. Zowona, palibe amene adalimbikira kupita kumapiri oundana, chifukwa phirili lakhala likudziwika kuti ndi malo opatulika, pamwamba pake panali koletsedwa.
Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga za Phiri la Rushmore.
Ku Armenia, phirili nthawi zambiri limalumikizidwa ndi malo okhala njoka ndi ziboliboli zamiyala. Kuphatikiza apo, nkhani zosiyanasiyana zimanenedwa kuti zolengedwa zoyipa zimatsekeredwa mkatikati mwa ma cones, zokhoza kuwononga dziko lapansi ngati Ararat itasiya kubisala kwa anthu. Sizachabe kuti pali zithunzi zosiyanasiyana zosonyeza phirilo ndi okhalamo, chizindikirocho nthawi zambiri chimapezeka muzojambula komanso pazinthu zandalama ndi zizindikilo.
Kukula kwa phiri ndi munthu
Anayamba kukwera Big Ararat kuyambira 1829, pomwe gawo ili lidasamutsidwa kukhala chuma cha Russia. Paulendowu panali anthu angapo, kuphatikiza aku Armenia, omwe samatha kulingalira kuti ndikotheka kukwera kuchokera kuphazi kupita kumtunda. Palibe amene akudziwa kuti ndi mita ingati pomwe sizinatheke kufika pachimake pa nthawi yokwera koyamba, popeza anthu ambiri amawopa kuvomereza kuti chiwerengerocho chinali chofikirika ndi munthu. Chinsinsi cha phirili chidasungidwa kwazaka zambiri, chifukwa pafupifupi onse okhala ku Armenia anali otsimikiza kuti ndi Nowa yekha amene adakwera pamwamba.
Chiyambire kugonjetsedwa kwa Ararati, panali olimba mtima omwe adayesetsa kutsutsana nawo okhawo. Woyamba kudzuka osaperekezedwa ndi James Bryce, pambuyo pake machitidwe ake adabwerezedwa kangapo. Tsopano aliyense akhoza kuyenda m'mphepete mwa phirilo ngakhale kukwera pamwamba pake.
