Statue of Liberty, kapena, monga amatchulidwanso, Lady Liberty, yaimira kufalikira kwa ufulu ndi demokalase kwazaka zambiri. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kumasulidwa ndi kupondaponda kwa fanolo. Ili kumpoto kwa North America ku New York, nyumba yochititsa kasoyi imaperekedwa kwa alendo ake onse ndipo imapereka chidziwitso chosaiwalika.
Kulengedwa kwa Chifaniziro cha Ufulu
Chikumbutsochi chinakhala m'mbiri ngati mphatso kwa United States kuchokera kuboma la France. Malinga ndi zomwe boma limanena, mwambowu udachitika polemekeza chikondwerero cha America cha zaka 100 chalandira ufulu wawo, komanso ngati chizindikiro chaubwenzi pakati pa mayiko awiriwa. Wolemba ntchitoyi anali mtsogoleri wa gulu lodana ndi ukapolo ku France a Edouard Rene Lefebvre de Labuele.
Ntchito yopanga fanoli idayamba mu 1875 ku France ndipo idamalizidwa mu 1884. Idayang'aniridwa ndi Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, waluso waluso ku France. Anali munthu wodziwika bwino yemwe kwa zaka 10 adapanga chizindikiro chamtsogolo cha ufulu padziko lonse lapansi mu studio yake.
Ntchitoyi idachitika mogwirizana ndi malingaliro abwino kwambiri ku France. Gustave Eiffel, mlengi wa ntchito ya Eiffel Tower, adagwira nawo ntchito yomanga chitsulo chamkati chachitsulo chotchuka. Ntchitoyi idapitilizidwa ndi m'modzi mwa omuthandizira, a Maurice Kechlin.
Mwambo waukulu wopereka mphatso yaku France kwa anzawo aku America udakonzedwa mu Julayi 1876. Kulephera kwa banal kwadzakhala chopinga panjira yokhazikitsa dongosolo. Purezidenti waku America a Grover Cleveland adatha kulandira mphatso ya boma la France modzipereka patadutsa zaka 10. Tsiku losunthira kwambiri fanoli linali la Okutobala 1886. Chilumba cha Bedlow chidasankhidwa kuti chikhale mwambowu. Pambuyo pazaka 70, idalandira dzina "Chilumba cha Ufulu".
Kufotokozera kwodziwika bwino
Statue of Liberty ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lapansi. Dzanja lake lamanja limakweza tochi monyadira, pomwe dzanja lake lamanzere limanyamula cholembapo ndi zilembo. Cholembedwacho chikuwonetsa tsiku lofunika kwambiri kwa anthu onse aku America - Tsiku Lodziyimira pawokha la United States of America.
Makulidwe a Lady Liberty ndiopatsa chidwi. Kutalika kwake kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba pa tochi ndi mamita 93. Kukula kwa mutu ndi mamita 5.26, kutalika kwa mphuno ndi 1.37 m, maso ndi 0.76 m, mikono ndi mamita 12.8, kutalika kwa dzanja lililonse ndi mamita 5. Kukula kwa mbaleyo ndi 7.19 m.
Kudziwa zomwe Statue of Liberty yapangidwa. Zinatengera matani osachepera 31 amkuwa kuti aponye thupi lake. Chitsulo chonsecho chimalemera pafupifupi matani 125 chonse.
Mawindo owonera 25 omwe ali mu korona ndi chizindikiro cha chuma cha dzikolo. Ndipo kunyezimira kochokera mmenemo kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 7 ndi chizindikiro cha makontinenti asanu ndi awiri ndi nyanja. Kuphatikiza pa izi, zikuyimira kukulira ufulu m'malo onse.
Pachikhalidwe, anthu amafika pamalowo pachikumbutso. Malo omwe mumakonda kukacheza ndi korona. Kuti musangalale ndi malo owoneka bwino ndikuwonera gombe la New York kuchokera pamwambapa, muyenera kukwera papulatifomu yapadera mkati mwake. Kuti izi zitheke, alendo adzakwera masitepe ambiri - 192 mpaka pamwamba pamiyala, kenako 356 mthupi momwemo.
Monga mphotho ya alendo omwe akupitilizabe, pali malingaliro owoneka bwino a New York ndi malo ake owoneka bwino. Chosangalatsanso ndichoyala, pomwe pali nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yomwe ili ndi mbiri yakale.
Zambiri zosangalatsa kudziwika za Statue of Liberty
Nthawi yolenga komanso kukhalapo kwa chipilalacho ili ndi zinthu zosangalatsa komanso nkhani zosangalatsa. Zina mwa izo sizimaphimbidwa ngakhale alendo akafika ku New York City.
Dzina loyamba la Statue of Liberty
Statue of Liberty ndi dzina lomwe mwaluso lodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Poyamba idadziwika kuti "Ufulu Wounikira Dziko Lapansi" - "Ufulu wowunikira dziko lapansi." Poyamba, zidakonzedwa kuti apange chipilala ngati mlimi ali ndi tochi m'manja mwake. Malo okhazikitsidwa amayenera kukhala gawo la Aigupto pakhomo la Suez Canal. Mapulani omwe asinthidwa kwambiri aboma la Egypt adaletsa izi.
Chithunzi cha nkhope ya Statue of Liberty
Zomwezi ndizofala kuti nkhope ya Statue of Liberty siyongopeka chabe ya wolemba. Komabe, mitundu iwiri ya chiyambi chake imadziwika. Malinga ndi choyambirira cha nkhope, nkhope ya mtundu wotchuka waku France Isabella Boyer idakhala. Malinga ndi wina, a Frederic Bartholdi adasokoneza nkhope ya amayi ake pachikumbutso.
Metamorphoses ndi utoto
Atangolengedwa, fanolo linasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wowala wagolide-lalanje. Ku St. Petersburg, alendo obwera ku Hermitage amatha kuwona chithunzi komwe amachijambula mwanjira yoyambirira. Lero chipilalachi chapeza mtundu wobiriwira. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chobowotcha, njira yomwe chitsulo chimakhala ndi ubweya wabuluu ikamagwirizana ndi mpweya. Kusintha kwa chizindikirochi ku America kwakhala zaka 25, komwe kwajambulidwa pazithunzi zambiri. Kukutira kwa mkuwa kwa fanolo kunakhazikika mwachilengedwe, monga tingawonere lero.
"Kuyenda" kwa mutu wa Lady Liberty
Chodziwika pang'ono: zidutswa zonse za mphatso yaku France zisanasonkhanitsidwe ku New York, Statue of Liberty idayenera kuyendayenda mdzikolo mosasunthika kwakanthawi. Mutu wake unawonetsedwa mu malo osungiramo zinthu zakale ku Philadelphia mu 1878. Achifalansa, nawonso, adaganiza zokasangalala ndi chiwonetserochi asananyamuke komwe amapita. Chaka chomwecho, mutuwo udawonetsedwa pagulu pawonetsero wina ku Paris.
Wolemba-mbiri
M'zaka za zana la 21, pali nyumba zomwe zimaposa chisonyezo cha America kutalika ndi kulemera. Komabe, pazaka zakukula kwa projekiti ya Statue, maziko ake a konkriti anali akulu kwambiri padziko lapansi komanso mawonekedwe a konkriti kwambiri. Zolembedweratu posakhalitsa zidasiya kukhala zotere, koma chipilalacho chimalumikizanabe ndi chidziwitso cha dziko lapansi ndi zonse zazikulu komanso zatsopano.
Chifaniziro cha mapasa a Ufulu
Makope ambiri azizindikiro zaku America adapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi, mwa iwo angapo angapezeke ku United States komwe. Titha kuwona mikondo ingapo mita 9 mozungulira National Liberty Bank ku New York. Wina, wotsika kufika pa 3 mita, buku lonyamula Baiboli limakongoletsa dziko la California.
Mapepala ovomerezeka a chipilalacho adawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80 za m'ma XX. Anthu aku America adapereka izi kwa anthu aku France ngati chizindikiro chaubwenzi komanso kuthokoza. Lero mphatso iyi imatha kuwonedwa ku Paris pachilumba chimodzi mwa mitsinje ya Seine. Bukuli lafupika, komabe, limatha kukantha omwe ali mozungulira ndi kutalika kwa mita 11.
Anthu okhala ku Tokyo, Budapest ndi Lvov adakhazikitsa zikumbutso zawo.
Tikukulangizani kuti muphunzire za chifanizo cha Khristu Muomboli.
Chifaniziro Chaching'ono Cha Ufulu
Kulemba kocheperako ndi kwa anthu akumadzulo kwa Ukraine - wosema ziboliboli Mykhailo Kolodko komanso wamanga Aleksandr Bezik. Mutha kuwona luso lapaderali la Uzhgorod, ku Transcarpathia. Chithunzi choseketsa ndichopangidwa ndi bronze, chimangokhala masentimita 30 okha ndipo chimalemera pafupifupi 4 kg. Lero likuyimira chikhumbo cha anthu akumaloko chodziwonetsera ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi kope kakang'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi.
"Zopatsa" kwambiri za chipilalacho
Munthawi yamoyo, Statue of Liberty idutsa zambiri. Mu Julayi 1916, zigawenga zankhanza zidachitika ku America. Pachilumba cha Black Tom, pafupi ndi Liberty Island, kunamveka kuphulika, kofananako ndi chivomerezi cha malo pafupifupi 5.5. Olakwa awo anali opha anthu ochokera ku Germany. Munthawi ya zochitikazi, chipilalachi chidawonongeka kwambiri m'malo ake ena.
Mu 1983, pamaso pa gulu lalikulu, wolemba zabodza David Copperfield adachita zoyeserera zosaiwalika zakusowa kwa Statue of Liberty. Cholinga choyambirira chinali chopambana. Chithunzicho chidasoweka, ndipo omvera odabwitsidwa adayesetsa kupeza tanthauzo lomveka bwino pazomwe adawona. Kuphatikiza pa zodabwitsa zangwiro, Copperfield adadabwitsidwa ndikuwala pang'ono kuzungulira Statue of Liberty ndi ina yoyandikira.
Masiku ano, chizindikiro cha United States chikukwezabe mozama mlengalenga ku New York, chikusungabe kufunikira kwake padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndicho kunyada kwa dziko la America. Kwa America komwe ndi mayiko ena, imalumikizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa demokalase, ufulu ndi kudziyimira pawokha padziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira 1984, fanoli lakhala gawo la UNESCO World Heritage Site.
