Malo achitetezo ku Genoese ndiye chidwi chachikulu cha Sudak, yomwe ili pachilumba cha Crimea pa Fortress Hill. Ndi mpanda womangidwa mchaka cha 7th. M'nthawi zakale, inali mzere wotetezera mafuko angapo ndi mayiko, ndipo m'zaka za zana la 19 idakhala nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Chifukwa cha zomangamanga zomwe zidasungidwa, makanema ambiri adawonetsedwa apa, mwachitsanzo, Othello (1955), Pirates of the XX century (1979), The Master and Margarita (2005). Lero, alendo mazana amabwera ku Sudak kuti adzasangalale ndi kukongola kwa nyumbayi.
Genoese linga: mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa
Malinga ndi magwero ena, idawonekera mchaka cha 212, ndipo idamangidwa ndi mafuko okonda nkhondo aku Alans. Komabe, asayansi ambiri amalemba kuti nyumbayi idamangidwa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri ndikuganiza kuti ndi a Byzantine kapena a Khazars. M'zaka mazana osiyanasiyana, anali ndi anthu osiyanasiyana: Polovtsy, Turkey ndipo, kumene, anthu okhala mumzinda wa Genoa - linga limatchedwa ulemu wawo.
Kunja, kapangidwe kake kali ndi mizere iwiri yodzitchinjiriza - mkati ndi kunja. Kunja kwake kuli nsanja 14 ndi chipata chachikulu. Nsanjazi ndizokwera pafupifupi 15 mita, iliyonse yake imakhala ndi dzina la kazembe wochokera ku Genoa. Nyumba yomanga mzerewu ndi nyumba yachifumu ya St. Mtanda.
Kutalika kwa makoma a mzere woyamba ndi mamita 6-8, makulidwe ake ndi 2 mita. Kapangidwe kake kamadziwika kuti ndi kotetezedwa ku Eastern Europe. Mzere wamkati uli ndi nsanja zinayi ndi nyumba ziwiri - Consular ndi St. Ilya. Kumbuyo kwake kunali tawuni ya Soldaya, yomangidwa mchikhalidwe chabwino kwambiri m'matawuni akale.
A Genoese sanakhale kuno nthawi yayitali. Mu 1475, zaka zisanu pambuyo pake, anthu a ku Turkey adatenga malo achitetezo a Genoese, anthu adachoka mumzinda, ndipo moyo pano udatha. Ndikulandidwa kwa Crimea kupita ku Ufumu waku Russia, aboma adaganiza zosabwezeretsa nyumbayo. Pokhapo pansi pa Alexander II, nyumbayo idasamutsidwa kupita ku Odessa Society of History and Antiquities, pambuyo pake nyumbayo idasandulika kukhala malo owonetsera zakale.
M'kati mwa Nyumba ya Genoese
Kuphatikiza pakuwonekera kwake kwakukulu, linga la Genoese ndilosangalatsanso kwambiri mkati mwake. Pakhomo la nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndikudutsa pachipata chachikulu. Chokopa pano ndi barbicana - nsanja patsogolo pa chipata, yomwe imapangidwa ngati nsapato ya akavalo. Chosangalatsanso ndi mlatho woyenda wolowera pakhomo.
Pamalo opitilira mahekitala 30, zasungidwa: zomangamanga, malo osungira, zitsime, mzikiti, akachisi. Komabe, chomwe chimakopa kwambiri nyumbayi ndi nsanja zake. Mkati, alendo adzawonetsedwa nyumba zosiyanasiyana, yakale kwambiri ndi Maiden Tower, yomwe ili pamalo okwera kwambiri achitetezo cha Genoese (mita 160).
Dzina lake lachiwiri ndi Sentinel (likuwulula cholinga chake). Kuphatikiza apo, nsanja zakum'mawa ndi zakumadzulo, zotchedwa ma consuls ochokera ku Genoa, ndizosangalatsa kuyendera. Ndikofunikanso kuyang'ana pazenera la arched lokhala ndi mphako woboola pakati, womwe umatchedwa kazembe.
Ndizosatheka kutchula nyumba zachifumu zomwe zili mu mpanda wa Genoese. Chachikulu kwambiri ndi Consular Castle - mtsogoleri wa mzindawo anali mnyumbayi pakagwa ngozi. Ndi nsanja yayitali kwambiri mumzindawu, yotchedwa donjon ndipo yazunguliridwa ndi nsanja zazing'ono mbali zonse.
Mutha kuwona kapangidwe kake palokha komanso ngati gawo laulendo. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna osati kungoyenda mozungulira gawo lokongola, maupangiriwo amapereka nkhani yosangalatsa yonena za mbiri ya nyumbayi. Mtengo wa tikiti waulendo ndi wocheperako - ma ruble a 50, gulu limapangidwa theka la ola limodzi, nthawi yayitali ndi mphindi 40. Siphatikizapo kuyendera mabwinja okha, komanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale yaying'ono mkati mwa nyumba zosungidwa bwino. Mu "Temple with arcade" pali chiwonetsero chonena za mbiri ya linga la Genoese, komanso kufotokozera za mbiri ya nkhondo ndi a Nazi.
Paulendo kapena poyendera kwaulere, onetsetsani kuti mwapita kukawona malo omwe ali pafupi ndi mzikiti. Kuchokera pano ndikuwona mawonekedwe okongola a nsanjayo, Sudak imatsegulidwa. Nawu mwayi wojambula zithunzi zodabwitsa.
Phwando "Chisoti cha Knight"
Kuyambira 2001, mipikisano yayikulu yamangidwanso mkati mwa malo achitetezo a Genoese. Ambiri aiwo ndi ochepa ndipo amapangidwa kuti azisangalatsa alendo osungiramo zinthu zakale. Komabe, mwambowu wapadziko lonse "Knight's Helmet" umachitika chaka chilichonse kuno, komwe kumakhala zovala, pomwe kumangidwako zakale zamapikisano akale. Chaka chilichonse alendo amabwera ku Sudak kuti adzafike pachikondwererochi.
Tiyenera kukumbukira padera kuti munthawi ya "Knight's Helmet" mitengo yamaulendo, matikiti opita kumamyuziyamu, zogulitsa zokumbukira zimawonjezeka kangapo. Mu 2017, mwambowu unkachitika kumapeto kwa Julayi kumapeto kwa sabata kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Kuphatikiza pa mpikisano womwewo, masiku ano pali chiwonetsero chokometsera "Mzinda wa Amisiri", komwe mungagule zopangidwa ndi akatswiri amisiri amakono - zopangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira nkhuni kupangira chitsulo.
Kuphatikiza pa Knight's Helmet, pamakhala masewera ambiri, zochitika zakale komanso zochitika zina. Ndandanda yazikondwerero zitha kuwonedwa patsamba lovomerezeka la Museum.
Zina zambiri
Gawo lomaliza la nkhaniyi, ndikofunikira kunena mawu ochepa, kuyankha mafunso ofunikira okhudzana ndi kuchezera linga laku Genoa.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane ku Prague Castle.
Ali kuti? Chokopa chachikulu cha Sudak chili ku st. Genoa fortress, 1 kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa mzindawu. Maofesi: 44 ° 50'30 ″ N (44.84176), 34 ° 57'30 ″ E (34.95835).
Kufika kumeneko? Mutha kubwera ndi zoyendera pagulu kuchokera ku Sudak - chifukwa cha izi muyenera kutenga njira nambala 1 kapena nambala 5, kutsikira pa malo oyimilira a Uyutnoye, ndikuyenda kwa mphindi zochepa. Mseuwo ukuyenda mumisewu yopapatiza, kukulolani kuti mumve momwe mzinda wakale ulili. Pagalimoto yangayekha, muyenera kuyenda msewu wa Tourist Highway, womwe umalowera kumalo achitetezo a Genoese. Pali malo oyimikapo magalimoto pafupi ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
Maola otsegulira ndi mtengo wopezekapo. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imakhala ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana zotsegulira komanso mitengo yolowera kutengera nyengo. Nthawi yayitali (Meyi-Seputembara), nyumbayi imalandira alendo kuyambira 8:00 mpaka 20:00, kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Epulo, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imatsegulidwa kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 17:00. Tikiti yolowera - ma ruble 150 kwa akulu, ma ruble 75 kwa opindula, ana ochepera zaka 16 amalowa mwaulere. Mtengo umaphatikizapo kungoyendera malo achitetezo aku Genoese. Maulendo, zowonetserako zakale ndi zosangalatsa zina zimalipidwa padera, koma ntchito zowonjezera ndizotsika mtengo.
Kokhala kuti? Kwa iwo omwe adzakopeke ndi linga kotero kuti padzakhala chikhumbo chofufuza masiku angapo, funso posankha hotelo lidzakhaladi. Pafupi ndipafupi pali mahotela osiyanasiyana, nyumba za alendo, mahotela ndi mahotela ang'onoang'ono pamtundu uliwonse wa bajeti. Kupeza chipinda sikungakhale kovuta, komabe munyengo yayitali, makamaka nthawi yachikondwerero, muyenera kusamalira chipinda pasadakhale.
