Malo a Sannikov (Sannikov land) ndi "chilumba chazithunzi" ku Arctic Ocean, chomwe ofufuza ena akuti adachiwona m'zaka za zana la 19 (Yakov Sannikov) kumpoto kwa zilumba za New Siberia. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, pakhala pali zokambirana zazikulu pakati pa asayansi kwazaka zambiri pazokhudza chilumbachi.
M'nkhaniyi, tikufotokozerani za mbiri ndi zinsinsi za Sannikov Land.
Malingaliro a Yakov Sannikov
Malipoti oyamba okhudza malo a Sannikov ngati malo osiyana adalembedwa mchaka cha 1810. Mlembi wawo anali wosaka malonda komanso nkhandwe Yakov Sannikov. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mwamunayo anali wofufuza malo wodziwa bwino za polar yemwe adatha kupeza zilumba za Stolbovoy ndi Fadeisky zaka zingapo m'mbuyomu.
Chifukwa chake, Sannikov atalengeza zakupezeka kwa "dziko lalikulu", chidwi chake chidaperekedwa kwa mawu ake. Wogulitsayo adati akuwona "mapiri amiyala" pamwamba panyanja.
Kuphatikiza apo, panali "zowona" zina zakukwaniritsidwa kwamayiko ambiri kumpoto. Asayansi ayamba kuwona mbalame zosamuka zomwe zimauluka kumpoto chakumapeto ndikubwerera ndi ana awo kugwa. Popeza mbalame sizimatha kukhala m'malo ozizira, panali malingaliro akuti malinga ndi Sannikov Land inali yachonde komanso nyengo yotentha.
Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri adadabwitsidwa ndi funso loti: "Kodi zingatheke bwanji kukhala ndi moyo m'dera lozizira chonchi?" Tiyenera kudziwa kuti madzi azilumbazi amakhala omangidwa ndi ayezi pafupifupi chaka chonse.
Malo a Sannikov adakopa chidwi chachikulu osati pakati pa ofufuza okha, komanso kwa Emperor Alexander III, yemwe adalonjeza kupatsa chilumbachi munthu amene angatsegule. Pambuyo pake, maulendo ambiri adakonzedwa, omwe Sannikov mwiniyo adachita nawo, koma palibe amene adatha kupeza chilumbacho.
Kafukufuku wamakono
Munthawi ya Soviet, zoyesayesa zatsopano zidapangidwa kuti tipeze Sannikov Land. Pachifukwa ichi, boma lidatumiza "Sadko" yapaulendo wapaulendo. Chombocho "chinafufuza" malo onse amadzi pomwe chilumbachi chimayenera kukhala, koma sichinapeze chilichonse.
Pambuyo pake, ndege zidachita nawo kusaka, zomwe sizinakwaniritse cholinga chawo. Izi zidapangitsa kuti Sannikov Land yalengezedwe kuti kulibe.
Malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri amakono, chilumba chanthano, monga zilumba zina zingapo za Arctic, sichinapangidwe ndi miyala, koma ndi ayezi, pomwe pamakhala dothi. Patapita nthawi, ayezi anasungunuka, ndipo Sannikov Land adasowa ngati zilumba zina zakomweko.
Chinsinsi cha mbalame zosamuka chimazimitsanso. Asayansi afufuza mosamalitsa njira zomwe mbalame zimasamukira ndipo adazindikira kuti ngakhale atsekwe woyera kwambiri (90%) amauluka kupita kumadera ofunda ndi njira "yomveka", otsalawo (10%) akuchitabe maulendo osamvetsetseka, akuyala njira yopita ku Alaska ndi Canada. ...
