Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky - Wasayansi waku Russia-wasayansi, wafilosofi, biologist, mineralogist komanso wowonekera pagulu. Wophunzira wa St. Petersburg Academy of Science. M'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa Chiyukireniya Academy of Science, komanso woyambitsa sayansi ya biogeochemistry. Woimira wamkulu wa cosmism waku Russia.
M'nkhaniyi tikumbukira yonena za Vladimir Vernadsky, komanso mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo wa wasayansi lapansi.
Chifukwa chake, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yayifupi ya Vernadsky.
Wambiri Vernadsky
Vladimir Vernadsky adabadwa mu 1863 ku St. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja la boma ndi cholowa Cossack Ivan Vasilyevich.
Pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa mwana wake wamwamuna, Vernadsky Sr. adaphunzitsa zachuma ku yunivesite, pokhala wamkulu wa makhansala athunthu.
Amayi a Vladimir, Anna Petrovna, adachokera ku banja lolemekezeka. Popita nthawi, banja lawo linasamukira ku Kharkov, komwe kunali malo akuluakulu asayansi komanso chikhalidwe ku Russia.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Vernadsky adakali mwana (1868-1875) ku Poltava ndi Kharkov. Mu 1868, chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta ya St. Petersburg, banja la Vernadsky lidasamukira ku Kharkov - amodzi mwa malo otsogola asayansi ndi chikhalidwe cha Ufumu waku Russia.
Ali mwana, adayendera Kiev, amakhala m'nyumba ya Lipki, komwe agogo ake, Vera Martynovna Konstantinovich, amakhala ndikumwalira.
Mu 1973, Vladimir Vernadsky adalowa m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi ku Kharkov, komwe adaphunzirira zaka zitatu. Munthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake, motengera bambo ake, adaphunzira chilankhulo cha Chipolishi kuti aphunzire zambiri za Ukraine.
Mu 1876 banja la Vernadsky lidabwerera ku St.Petersburg, komwe mnyamatayo adapitiliza maphunziro ake kumalo ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Anakwanitsa kupeza maphunziro abwino. Mnyamatayo amatha kuwerenga m'zilankhulo 15.
Nthawi imeneyi, Vladimir Vernadsky anachita chidwi ndi nzeru, mbiri ndi chipembedzo.
Ili linali gawo loyamba la wachinyamata panjira yodziwa zakuthambo kwa Russia.
Biology ndi sayansi zina
Pa mbiri ya 1881-1885. Vernadsky adaphunzira ku Faculty of Natural Sciences ku St. Petersburg University. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti pakati pa aphunzitsi ake panali wotchedwa Dmitry Mendeleev.
Ali ndi zaka 25, Vernadsky adapita kukaphunzira ku Europe, atakhala zaka ziwiri kumayiko osiyanasiyana. Ku Germany, Italy ndi France, adalandira zambiri zamaphunziro komanso zothandiza, kenako adabwerera kwawo.
Ali ndi zaka 27 zokha, anapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera Dipatimenti ya Mineralogy ku University of Moscow. Pambuyo pake, malingaliro adakwanitsa kuteteza nkhani yake ya udokotala pamutu wakuti: "Zodabwitsa zakusunthira kwa nkhani yamakristali." Zotsatira zake, adakhala profesa wa mineralogy.
Vernadsky anali mphunzitsi kwa zaka zopitilira 20. Munthawi imeneyi amayenda pafupipafupi. Anapita kumizinda yambiri yaku Russia komanso yakunja, ndikuphunzira za geology.
Mu 1909, Vladimir Ivanovich adapanga lipoti labwino kwambiri ku 12th Congress of Naturalists, momwe adafotokozera zakupezeka kophatikizana kwa mchere m'matumbo a Dziko Lapansi. Zotsatira zake, sayansi yatsopano idakhazikitsidwa - geochemistry.
Vernadsky anachita ntchito yabwino m'munda wa mineralogy, atapanga kusintha kwake. Anasiyanitsa mineralogy ndi crystallography, komwe adalumikiza sayansi yoyamba ndi masamu ndi fizikiki, ndipo yachiwiri ndi chemistry ndi geology.
Limodzi ndi izi, Vladimir Vernadsky amakonda nzeru, ndale ndi radioactivity zinthu ndi chidwi chachikulu. Ngakhale asanalowe nawo ku St. Petersburg Academy of Science, adapanga Radium Commission, yomwe cholinga chake chinali kupeza ndikuphunzira mchere.
Mu 1915, Vernadsky adasonkhanitsa komiti ina, yomwe inali yoti ifufuze zopangira boma. Nthawi yomweyo, adathandizira kukonza zipani zaulere za nzika zosauka.
Mpaka 1919, wasayansiyo anali membala wa Cadet Party, kutsatira malingaliro a demokalase. Pachifukwa ichi, adakakamizidwa kupita kunja pambuyo poti kutchuka kwa Okutobala kutachitika mdzikolo.
M'ngululu ya 1918, Vernadsky ndi banja lake adakhazikika ku Ukraine. Pasanapite nthawi anayambitsa Chiyukireniya Academy of Sciences, kukhala wapampando wake woyamba. Kuphatikiza apo, pulofesayo adaphunzitsa sayansi yamagetsi ku University of Taurida ku Crimea.
Patatha zaka zitatu Vernadsky adabwerera ku Petrograd. Wophunzitsayo adasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa dipatimenti ya meteorite ku Mineralogical Museum. Kenako anasonkhanitsa ulendo wapadera, amene anali kuphunzira za meteorite Tunguska.
Chilichonse chinayenda bwino mpaka nthawi yomwe Vladimir Ivanovich anaimbidwa mlandu waukazitape. Anamangidwa ndikumangidwa. Mwamwayi, chifukwa mapembedzero a anthu otchuka, wasayansi anamasulidwa.
Pa mbiri ya 1922-1926. Vernadsky adayendera mayiko ena aku Europe, komwe adawerenga nkhani zake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, iye anali atalemba. Kuchokera pansi pa cholembera chake monga "Geochemistry", "Living Substance in the Biosphere" ndi "Autotrophy of Humanity" adapangidwa.
Mu 1926, Vernadsky adakhala mtsogoleri wa Radium Institute, komanso adasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa magulu osiyanasiyana asayansi. Motsogozedwa ndi iye, anafufuza mafunde apansi panthaka, matalala, miyala, ndi zina zambiri.
Mu 1935, thanzi la Vladimir Ivanovich linafooka, ndipo pamalangizo a katswiri wamtima, adaganiza zopita kunja kukalandira chithandizo. Atalandira chithandizo, adagwira ntchito kwakanthawi ku Paris, London ndi Germany. Zaka zingapo asanamwalire, pulofesayo adatsogolera ntchito ya uranium, makamaka kukhala woyambitsa pulogalamu ya zida za USSR.
Zosangalatsa
Malinga ndi a Vladimir Vernadsky, chilengedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito komanso dongosolo. Pambuyo pake adabwera ndikupanga ndikumasulira kwa mawu oti noosphere, osinthidwa chifukwa chakukhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe cha anthu.
Vernadsky adalimbikitsa kuchitapo kanthu mwanzeru kwa anthu, cholinga chokomera zosowa zawo ndikupanga bata komanso mgwirizano m'chilengedwe. Adalankhulanso zakufunika kophunzira za Dziko Lapansi, komanso adalankhulanso za njira zowongolera zachilengedwe padziko lapansi.
M'malemba ake, a Vladimir Vernadsky adati tsogolo labwino la anthu limadalira moyo wamakhalidwe ndi boma womangidwa mosamala potengera luso komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo.
Moyo waumwini
Ali ndi zaka 23, Vladimir Vernadsky anakwatira Natalia Staritskaya. Pamodzi, akazi anakwanitsa kukhala ndi moyo zaka 56, mpaka imfa ya Staritskaya mu 1943.
Mgwirizanowu, banjali linali ndi mwana wamwamuna wotchedwa Georgy ndi mtsikana Nina. M'tsogolomu, Georgy adakhala katswiri wodziwika bwino pankhani zaku Russia, pomwe Nina adagwira ntchito yamawonekedwe amisala.
Imfa
Vladimir Vernadsky adapitilira mkazi wake kwa zaka ziwiri. Patsiku laimfa, wasayansi adalemba izi mu zolemba zake: "Ndili ndi ngongole zonse zabwino pamoyo wanga kwa Natasha." Kumwalira kwa mkazi wake kudalemetsa kwambiri mwamunayo.
Zaka zingapo asanamwalire, mu 1943, Vernadsky adapatsidwa mphoto ya 1 ya Stalin Prize. Chaka chotsatira, adadwala matenda opha ziwalo, kenako adakhala ndi moyo masiku ena 12.
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky anamwalira pa Januware 6, 1945 ali ndi zaka 81.
