Eugene Alexandrovich Evstigneev (1926-1992) - Soviet ndi Russian zisudzo ndi filimu wosewera, mphunzitsi. People's Artist of the USSR, Chevalier of the Order of Lenin, wopambana mphotho ya USSR State Prize ndi RSFSR State Prize yotchedwa I. abale Vasiliev. Lero, masukulu aku zisudzo, mphotho, zikondwerero ndi mapaki adatchulidwa pambuyo pake.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu yonena za Evstigneev, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhani ino.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Evgeny Evstigneev.
Wambiri Evstigneev
Evgeny Evstigneev anabadwa pa October 9, 1926 ku Nizhny Novgorod. Anakulira ndipo adaleredwa m'banja logwira ntchito lomwe silikugwirizana ndi kanema.
Bambo ake, Alexander Nikolaevich, ntchito monga metallurgist, ndi mayi ake, Maria Ivanovna, anali makina mphero.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Vuto loyamba mu mbiri ya wojambula wamtsogolo lidachitika ali ndi zaka 6 - abambo ake adamwalira. Pambuyo pake, amayi adakwatiranso, chifukwa chake Eugene adaleredwa ndi abambo ake omupeza.
Asanayambe nkhondo ya Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) Evstigneev anamaliza sukulu ya sekondale ya 7. M'zaka zotsatira, adakwanitsa kugwira ntchito yamagetsi komanso yosoka mafakitale mufakitole yomwe imapanga zolumikizira zamagalimoto.
Nthawi yomweyo, mnyamatayo adachita chidwi ndi zisudzo. Anali ndi luso loimba lapamwamba, chifukwa chake adasewera bwino pazida zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo gitala ndi piyano. Amakonda kwambiri jazi.
Nkhondo itatha, Yevgeny Evstigneev adalowa Gorky Musical College, yomwe pambuyo pake idzatchulidwe pambuyo pake. Apa adatha kuwulula kuthekera kwake kwachilengedwe ngakhale. Patatha zaka 5, mnyamatayo anapatsidwa gawo la zisudzo ku Vladimir.
Patatha zaka 3, Evstigneev anapita ku Moscow kukapitiliza maphunziro ake ku Moscow Art Theatre School. Maluso achichepere ofunsira achidwi adasangalatsa komiti yovomerezeka kotero kuti adalembetsa nthawi yomweyo mchaka chachiwiri. Mu 1956 anamaliza maphunziro awo ku Studio School ndipo adamulowetsa ku Moscow Art Theatre.
Masewero
Mu 1955, Evgeny Aleksandrovich, pamodzi ndi gulu la ophunzira ochokera ku Moscow Art Theatre School, adatenga nawo gawo pakupanga "Studio of Young Actors". Chosangalatsa ndichakuti patatha chaka "studio" idakhala maziko a zisudzo za Sovremennik.
Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Evstigneev anayamba kugwira ntchito mu Sovremennik yatsopano. Apa adakhala zaka 15, akusewera maudindo ambiri. Kutchuka koyamba kudamubwera atatenga nawo gawo pakupanga "The Naked King", pomwe adasewera mfumuyo mokongola.
Mu 1971, kutsatira Oleg Efremov, Eugene adasamukira ku Moscow Art Theatre, komwe adagwira mpaka 1990. Apa adakhalanso ndi maudindo akuluakulu. Muscovites ndi chisangalalo chachikulu adapita kuma zisudzo "Alongo Atatu", "Mtima Wofunda", "Amalume Vanya" ndi ena ambiri.
Chakumapeto kwa 1980, Evstigneev anali ndi vuto la mtima, ndichifukwa chake sanapite papulatifomu pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Pambuyo pake, adayambanso kuchita nawo zisudzo, chifukwa samatha kulingalira moyo wake wopanda zisudzo. Mu 1990, adasewera pa siteji ya Anton Chekhov Theatre pakupanga kwa Ivanov, ndikusintha kukhala Shabelsky.
Mu 1992, chaka chakumwalira kwake, wojambulayo adawonedwa mu ARTtel of ARTists Sergey Yursky. Anapeza udindo wa Glov mu seweroli "Players-XXI".
Makanema
Evstigneev adayamba kuwonekera pazenera lalikulu mu 1957. Adasewera munthu wocheperako mufilimuyi "Duel". Kutchuka koyamba kudamubwera mu 1964, pomwe adasewera mu nthabwala yotchuka "Welcome, or No Unauthorised Entry".
Chaka chotsatira, Eugene adapatsidwa gawo lalikulu mu kanema wopeka wa sayansi "Engineer Garin's Hyperboloid." Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti tepi iyi idalandira Chisindikizo Chagolide cha Mzinda wa Trieste pa Phwando La Mafilimu ku Italy.
M'zaka zotsatira, Evstigneev adawonekera m'mafilimu achipembedzo monga "Chenjerani ndi Galimoto", "Ng'ombe Wagolide" ndi "Zigzag wa Fortune". Mu 1973 adasewera mndandanda wotchuka wa TV "Seventeen Moments of Spring". Wojambulayo adasinthidwa kukhala Pulofesa Pleischner. Ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi inali yaing'ono, omvera ambiri amakumbukira zochita zake zamoyo.
Pambuyo pake, a Evgeny Alexandrovich adasewera m'mafilimu angapo, kuphatikiza "Pazifukwa zabanja", "Malo amisonkhano sangasinthidwe" komanso "Tachokera ku jazi". Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kutenga nawo gawo pachithunzi chomaliza kumamupatsa chisangalalo chapadera.
Izi zinali choncho chifukwa chakuti Evstigneev anali wokonda wamkulu wa jazz. Anali ndi zolemba zambiri zomwe adabweretsa kuchokera kunja. Mwamunayo anasangalala ndi ntchito ya Frank Sinatra, Duke Ellington ndi Louis Armstrong.
Mu 1985, kuyamba kwa sewerolo la nyimbo Zima Madzulo ku Gagra, komwe Evgeny Evstigneev adakhala katswiri wovina matepi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kanemayo adazikidwa makamaka pa mbiri ya wovina wapampopi Alexei Bystrov.
Ndipo komabe, mwina gawo lofunikira kwambiri mu mbiri ya Evstigneev imadziwika kuti ndi khalidwe la Dr. Preobrazhensky, mu sewero lodziwika bwino la "Mtima wa Galu", potengera ntchito ya Bulgakov. Pogwira ntchitoyi, adapatsidwa mphoto ya State RSFSR iwo. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti wojambulayo anali asanawerenge bukuli asanajambule.
M'zaka zotsatira, Evgeny Aleksandrovich adasewera m'mafilimu angapo, pomwe kupambana kwakukulu kunalandiridwa ndi "City of Zero", "Children of bitches" ndi "Midshipmen, patsogolo!"
Ntchito yomaliza ya Evstigneev inali mbiri yakale "Ermak", yomwe idawonekera pazenera lalikulu atamwalira. Mmenemo, adasewera Ivan Wowopsa, koma sanakwanitse kutchula ngwazi yake. Zotsatira zake, mfumuyo idalankhula ndi Sergei Artsibashev.
Moyo waumwini
Mkazi woyamba wa Evstigneev anali wojambula wotchuka Galina Volchek. Muukwatiwu, banjali lidakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna Denis, yemwe mtsogolo adzatsata mapazi a makolo ake. Atatha zaka 10 ali m'banja, achinyamata adaganiza zosiya.
Kenako Evgeny adakwatirana ndi wojambula wa "Sovremennik" Lilia Zhurkina, yemwe adayamba chibwenzi naye akadakwatirana ndi Volchek. Malinga ndi zomwe Zhurkina adakumbukira, pomwe adayamba kuwona Evstigneev papulatifomu, adaganiza kuti: "Ambuye, ndi munthu wachikulire komanso woopsa bwanji!"
Komabe, mtsikanayo adagonjetsedwa ndi wochita seweroli, sanathe kulimbana ndi chidwi chake. Adakhala limodzi zaka 23, pomwe zaka 20 akhala okwatirana. Mgwirizanowu, anali ndi mtsikana wotchedwa Maria.
Zaka khumi zapitazi za banjali zidadetsedwa ndi matenda a mkazi, yemwe adayamba kudwala psoriasis, osteochondrosis ndi uchidakwa. Evstigneev anayesa kuchitira wokondedwa wake mu zipatala zabwino, koma khama lonse linali chabe. Mayiyo adamwalira ali ndi zaka 48 mu 1986.
Pambuyo pa imfa ya mkazi wake, Eugene Alexandrovich anadwala matenda a mtima achiwiri. Pasanathe chaka, wojambulayo adatsikira kanjira kachitatu. Nthawiyi, wosankhidwa wake anali wamng'ono Irina Tsyvina, amene anali ndi zaka 35 kuposa mwamuna wake.
Awiriwo adakhala limodzi zaka 6, kufikira imfa ya Evstigneev. Malinga m'nthawi, mgwirizano anali wamphamvu modabwitsa. Wosewera amadziwa kuti moyo wake ukhoza kutha nthawi iliyonse, ndipo Irina atha kukwatiwa ndi wina.
Pachifukwa ichi, Eugene Alexandrovich adafunsa mtsikanayo kuti ngati ali ndi mwana wamwamuna wina, amutche dzina lake. Zotsatira zake, Tsyvina adasunga lonjezo lake, akumutcha mwana woyamba kubadwa wa Eugene, yemwe adabereka m'banja lake lachiwiri.
Imfa
Anachedwetsa matenda a mtima awiri mu 1980 ndi 1986, adadzimva okha. Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira a Evstigneev, amayenera kuchitidwa opareshoni ku UK, koma dotolo wa mtima wachingelezi atamuyesa munthuyo, adati opaleshoniyi siibweretsa phindu lililonse.
Pasanapite nthawi atakambirana ndi dokotala ndi Yevgeny Alexandrovich, matenda ena a mtima anachitika, ndipo pambuyo pa maola 4 adachoka. Madokotala adazindikira kuti kungoyika mtima kokha ndikumupulumutsa.
Thupi la wojambula waku Soviet adatengedwera pandege kupita ku Moscow. Evgeny Evstigneev anamwalira pa March 4, 1992 ali ndi zaka 65, ndipo patatha masiku asanu anaikidwa m'manda a Novodevichy.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi Evstegneev
