Kwa zaka zopitilira 300, Russia idalamuliridwa (ndi zina zosatsimikizika, monga zasonyezedwera pansipa) ndi mzera wa Romanov. Mwa iwo panali amuna ndi akazi, olamulira, onse opambana komanso osachita bwino kwambiri. Ena mwa iwo adalandira mpando wachifumu mwalamulo, ena osati kwenikweni, ndipo ena adavala Cape of Monomakh popanda chifukwa chomveka konse. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kupanga zowunikira zilizonse zokhudzana ndi ma Romanov. Ndipo amakhala nthawi zosiyanasiyana komanso mosiyanasiyana.
1. Woimira woyamba wa banja la Romanov pampando wachifumu anali Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich wosankhidwa mwa demokalase (1613 - 1645. Kuyambira pano, zaka zakulamulira zikuwonetsedwa m'mabokosi). Pambuyo pamavuto akulu, a Zemsky Sobor adamusankha pamipikisano ingapo. Otsutsa a Mikhail Fedorovich anali (mwina osadziwa okha) mfumu yaku England a James I ndi alendo ena ochepa. Oimira a Cossacks adagwira nawo gawo lalikulu pakusankhidwa kwa mfumu yaku Russia. A Cossacks adalandira malipiro a buledi ndipo amawopa kuti alendo angawalande mwayiwu.
2. Muukwati wa Mikhail Fedorovich ndi Evdokia Streshneva, ana khumi adabadwa, koma anayi okha ndi omwe adapulumuka kufikira atakula. Mwana Alex anakhala mfumu yotsatira. Ana aakazi sanapangidwe kuti adziwe chisangalalo cha banja. Irina adakhala zaka 51 ndipo, malinga ndi nthawiyo, anali mkazi wokoma mtima komanso wabwino. Anna anamwalira ali ndi zaka 62, pomwe palibe chilichonse chokhudza moyo wake. Tatiana anali ndi mphamvu zambiri panthawi ya mchimwene wake. Anapezanso nthawi ya Peter I. Zimadziwika kuti Tatiana adayesetsa kuchepetsa mkwiyo wa tsar kwa mafumu achifumu Sophia ndi Martha.
3. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (1645 - 1676) adadziwa kuti adatchedwa "Wokhala chete". Anali munthu wofatsa. Ali mwana, ankadziwika ndi kupsa mtima kwakanthawi, koma atakula adasiya. Aleksey Mikhailovich anali wophunzira panthawi yake, anali ndi chidwi ndi sayansi, ankakonda nyimbo. Adadziyimira payekha matebulo ankhondo, adabwera ndi mfuti yake. Munthawi ya ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich, ma Cossacks aku Ukraine mu 1654 adalandiridwa kukhala nzika zaku Russia.
4. M'mabanja awiri ndi Maria Miloslavskaya ndi Natalia Naryshkina, Alexei Mikhailovich anali ndi ana 16. Atatu mwa ana awo aamuna pambuyo pake anali mafumu, ndipo palibe mwana wamkazi amene anakwatiwa. Monga momwe zimachitikira ndi ana aakazi a Mikhail Fedorovich, omwe angatengere mwayi wokhala ndi ulemu wapamwamba anachita mantha chifukwa chofunikira kuti akhazikitse Orthodoxy.
5. Fyodor III Alekseevich (1676 - 1682), ngakhale anali ndi thanzi lofooka, anali wokonzanso pafupifupi wotsuka kuposa mchimwene wake Peter I, pokhapokha osadula mitu ndi manja ake, atapachika mitembo mozungulira Kremlin ndi njira zina zolimbikitsira. Anali naye pomwe masuti aku Europe ndi kumeta kumayamba kuwonekera. Mabuku apamwamba komanso zamasiku ano, zomwe zidalola kuti ma boyars awononge mwachindunji chifuniro cha tsar, zidawonongedwa.
6. Fyodor A. anakwatiwa kawiri. Ukwati woyamba, womwe mwana m'modzi sanabadwe masiku khumi, sunathe chaka - mwana wamkazi wamfumuyu adamwalira atangobereka kumene. Ukwati wachiwiri wa tsar udatenga miyezi yosachepera iwiri konse - tsar mwiniyo adamwalira.
7. Pambuyo pa imfa ya Fyodor Alekseevich, masewera omwe amakonda kwambiri achi Russia motsatizana mpando wachifumu adayamba. Nthawi yomweyo, zabwino zaboma, komanso makamaka nzika zake, osewera adatsogozedwa m'malo omaliza. Chifukwa, ana a Alexei Mikhailovich Ivan anavekedwa ufumu (monga wamkulu, iye anatchedwa otchedwa Big chovala ndi kapu ya Monomakh) ndi Peter (mfumu m'tsogolo makope). Abalewo adapanga mpando wachifumu wapawiri. Sophia, mlongo wamkulu wa tsars, adalamulira ngati regent.
8. Peter I (1682 - 1725) adakhala deo facto mu 1689, kuchotsa mlongo wake muulamuliro. Mu 1721, pempho la Senate, adakhala mfumu yoyamba yaku Russia. Ngakhale adatsutsidwa, Peter amatchedwa Wamkulu pazifukwa. Munthawi yaulamuliro wake, Russia idasintha kwambiri ndikukhala amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri ku Europe. Kuchokera paukwati wake woyamba (ndi Evdokia Lopukhina) Peter I anali ndi ana awiri kapena atatu (kubadwa kwa mwana wamwamuna wa Paul sikukayika, zomwe zidadzetsa onyenga ambiri kuti adziwonetsere kuti ndi mwana wa Peter). Tsarevich Alexei Peter akuimbidwa mlandu woukira boma ndikupha. Tsarevich Alexander anakhalako miyezi 7 yokha.
9. Muukwati wake wachiwiri ndi Marta Skavronskaya, wobatizidwa ngati Ekaterina Mikhailova, Peter anali ndi ana 8. Anna anakwatiwa ndi wolamulira waku Germany, mwana wake wamwamuna adakhala Emperor Peter III. Elizabeth kuyambira 1741 mpaka 1762 anali mfumukazi yaku Russia. Ana ena onse anamwalira ali aang'ono.
10. Kutsogozedwa ndi chibadwa komanso malamulo olowa m'malo pampando wachifumu, pa Peter I kusankha kwaumfumu kwa Romanov kukadatha. Mwa lamulo lake, Emperor adasamutsira mkazi wake chisoticho, ndipo adapatsidwanso ufulu wosamutsira munthu aliyense woyenera kwa mafumu onse otsatira. Koma mafumu onse kuti apitilize kupitiliza kwa mphamvu amatha zanzeru zochenjera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, amakhulupirira mwamphamvu kuti Mfumukazi Catherine I komanso olamulira otsatirawo nawonso akuyimira ma Romanovs, mwina okhala ndi dzina loyambirira "Holstein-Gottorp".
11. M'malo mwake, Catherine I (1725 - 1727) adapatsidwa mphamvu ndi alonda, omwe adasamutsa ulemu wawo kwa Peter I kupita kwa mkazi wake. Maganizo awo adalimbikitsidwa ndi mfumukazi yamtsogoloyo. Zotsatira zake, gulu la alonda lidathamangira kumsonkhano wa Senate ndipo lidavomerezana mogwirizana kuti a Catherine apikisana nawo. Nthawi ya ulamuliro wachikazi idayamba.
12. Catherine I adalamulira zaka ziwiri zokha, ndikumakonda zosangalatsa zosiyanasiyana. Asanamwalire, ku Senate, pamaso pa alonda osasunthika komanso olemekezeka, adalemba chifuniro, pomwe mdzukulu wa Peter I, Peter, adalengezedwa kuti ndiye wolowa nyumba. Panganoli linali lolongosoka kwambiri, ndipo pamene linali kukonzedwa, mfumukaziyo inamwalira kapena inataya chidziwitso. Siginecha yake, mulimonsemo, idalibe, ndipo pambuyo pake chifuniro chidawotchedwa kwathunthu.
13. Peter II (1727 - 1730) adakhala pampando wachifumu ali ndi zaka 11 ndipo adamwalira ndi nthomba ali ndi zaka 14. Olemekezeka adagamula m'malo mwake, woyamba A. Menshikov, kenako akalonga a Dolgoruky. Otsatirawa adalemba ngakhale chikalata chabodza cha Emperor wachinyamata, koma magulu ena achidwi sanavomereze zabodza. Supreme Privy Council idaganiza zoyitanitsa mwana wamkazi wa Ivan V (yemwe adalamulira limodzi ndi Peter I) Anna kuti alamulire, pomwe amachepetsa mphamvu yake ku "zikhalidwe" zapadera.
14. Anna Ioannovna (1730 - 1740) adayamba ulamuliro wake mwaluso kwambiri. Polembera thandizo la alonda, adang'amba "mkhalidwewo" ndikuwononga Supreme Privy Council, potero adadzipezera zaka khumi zaulamuliro wodekha. Mkangano wozungulira mpando wachifumu sunapite kulikonse, koma cholinga cholimbana sichinali kusintha mfumukaziyi, koma kugonjetsa omenyerawo. Komano, Mfumukaziyi, inakonza zosangalatsa zodula monga akasupe oyaka moto komanso nyumba zazikulu za ayezi ndipo sanadzikanize chilichonse.
15. Anna Ioannovna adapereka mpando wachifumu kwa mwana wamwamuna wa miyezi iwiri mwana wamwamuna wake Ivan. Mwa ichi, sanangosainira kuti mnyamatayo aphedwe, komanso adasokoneza chisokonezo pamwamba. Chifukwa cha ma coup angapo angapo, mphamvu idalandidwa ndi mwana wamkazi wa Peter I, Elizabeth. Ivan anatumizidwa kundende. Ali ndi zaka 23, "chigoba chachitsulo" cha ku Russia (panali choletsa chenicheni pa dzina ndikusunga zithunzi zake) adaphedwa pomwe amafuna kuti amumasule kundende.
16. Elizaveta Petrovna (1741 - 1761), yemwe adangokwatirana ndi a Louis XV, adapanga kuchokera kubwalo lamilandu lofananira ndi lachifalansa lokhala ndi miyambo, ndewu komanso kuponya ndalama kumanzere ndi kumanja. Komabe, izi sizinamulepheretse, mwa zina, kukhazikitsa University ndikubwezeretsa Senate.
17. Elizabeth anali dona wokonda koma wowoneka bwino. Nkhani zonse zakukwatiwa kwachinsinsi ndi ana apathengo zimangokhala nthano - palibe umboni wotsimikizika, ndipo adasankha amuna omwe amadziwa kutseka pakamwa pawo ngati okondedwa ake. Adasankha wolowa m'malo mwa Duke Karl-Peter Ulrich Holstein, adamukakamiza kuti apite ku Russia, atembenukire ku Orthodoxy (adatcha Pyotr Fedorovich), kutsatira momwe adaleredwera ndikusankha mkazi woloŵa m'malo. Monga momwe machitidwe ena adasonyezera, kusankha mkazi kwa Peter III kunali kovuta kwambiri.
18. Peter III (1761 - 1762) anali m'mphamvu miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha. Adayamba kusintha kosiyanasiyana, komwe adapondereza ambiri, pambuyo pake adagonjetsedwa ndi chidwi, kenako ndikuphedwa. Nthawi ino alonda adakweza mkazi wake Catherine pampando wachifumu.
19. Catherine II (1762 - 1796) adathokoza olemekezeka omwe adamukweza pampando wachifumu ndikuwonjezera ufulu wawo komanso ukapolo womwewo waulimi. Ngakhale izi, zochitika zake zimayenera kuwunikiridwa bwino. Pansi pa Catherine, gawo la Russia lakula kwambiri, zaluso ndi sayansi zidalimbikitsidwa, ndipo dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka boma lidasinthidwa.
20. Catherine anali ndi zibwenzi zambiri ndi amuna (okondedwa ena amapitilira khumi ndi awiri) ndi ana awiri apathengo. Komabe, kulowa pampando wachifumu atamwalira kunayenda bwino - mwana wake wamwamuna kuchokera kwa wosauka Peter III Paul adakhala mfumu.
21. Paul I (1796 - 1801) woyamba adakhazikitsa lamulo latsopano loloza pampando wachifumu kuyambira bambo mpaka mwana. Anayamba kuletsa kwambiri ufulu wa olemekezeka ndipo adakakamiza olemekezeka kuti alipire msonkho. Ufulu wa anthu wamba, komano, udakulitsidwa. Makamaka, ma corvee anali ochepa masiku atatu, ndipo ma serf anali oletsedwa kugulitsa opanda malo kapena mabanja osweka. Panalinso kusintha, koma pamwambapa ndikwanira kumvetsetsa kuti Paul sindinachiritse kwa nthawi yayitali. Anaphedwa pachiwembu china chachifumu.
22. Paul I adalandiridwa ndi mwana wake Alexander I (1801 - 1825), yemwe amadziwa za chiwembucho, ndipo mthunzi wa izi udali paulamuliro wake wonse. Alexander amayenera kumenya nkhondo kwambiri, pansi pake asitikali aku Russia adayenda modutsa ku Europe kupita ku Paris, ndipo madera akuluakulu adalumikizidwa ku Russia. Mu ndale zapakhomo, chidwi chofuna kusintha nthawi zonse chimakumbukira abambo ake, omwe adaphedwa ndi mfulu womasuka.
23. Zokhudzaukwati za Alexander I zikuyesedwa mosiyana kwenikweni - kuyambira ana 11 obadwa kunja kwaukwati mpaka kumaliza kusabereka. Muukwati, anali ndi ana aakazi awiri omwe sanakhalepo zaka ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, atafa modzidzimutsa mfumu, ku Taganrog, kutali kwambiri ndi nthawi imeneyo, kupesa kwanthawi zonse kumayambira pansi pampando wachifumu. Mchimwene wa Emperor Constantine adasiya cholowa kwanthawi yayitali, koma manifesto sanalengezedwe nthawi yomweyo. M'bale wotsatira Nikolai adavekedwa korona, koma ena mwa asitikali ndi atsogoleri omwe sanakhutire nawo adawona chifukwa chabwino cholanda mphamvu ndikuchita zipolowe, zomwe zimadziwika kuti Kupandukira Kwa Decembrist. Nicholas amayenera kuyamba ulamuliro wake powombera mfuti ku Petersburg.
24. Nicholas I (1825 - 1855) adalandira dzina loti "Palkin". Munthu yemwe, m'malo mogawana malinga ndi malamulo apanthawiyo a Decembrists onse, adapha asanu okha. Anaphunzira mosamala umboni wa zigawengazo kuti amvetsetse zosintha zomwe dzikolo likusowa. Inde, adalamulira ndi dzanja lolimba, choyambirira adakhazikitsa zida zankhondo. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, Nicholas adasintha kwambiri malo a alimi, ndipo adakonzekera kusintha kwa anthu wamba. Makampani adayamba, misewu yayikulu ndipo njanji zoyambirira zidamangidwa mochuluka. Nicholas adatchedwa "Tsar Injiniya".
25. Nicholas I anali ndi ana ofunikira komanso athanzi. Amuna okha omwe amakonda kwambiri a Alexander adamwalira ali ndi zaka 19 kuyambira kubadwa msanga. Ana ena asanu ndi mmodziwo amakhala ndi zaka zosachepera 55. Mpando wachifumuwo unatengera mwana wamwamuna woyamba kubadwa Alexander.
26. Makhalidwe a Anthu Onse a Alexander II (1855 - 1881) "Adapatsa alimi ufulu, ndipo adamupha chifukwa cha ichi", mwachidziwikire, sichiri kutali ndi chowonadi. Emperor adatsika m'mbiri ngati womasula anthu wamba, koma uku ndikusintha kwakukulu kwa Alexander II, makamaka, anali ambiri aiwo. Onsewa adakulitsa dongosolo lamalamulo, ndipo "kumangika kwa zomangira" munthawi ya ulamuliro wa Alexander III kudawonetsa kuti mfumuyi idaphedwa.
27. Pa nthawi yophedwa, mwana wamwamuna woyamba wa Alexander II analinso Alexander, yemwe adabadwa mu 1845, ndipo adalandira mpando wachifumu. Ponseponse, Tsar-Liberator anali ndi ana 8. Oitali kwambiri anali Mary, yemwe adakhala ma Duchess a Edinburgh, ndipo adamwalira mu 1920.
28. Alexander III (1881 - 1894) adalandira dzina loti "Wopanga Mtendere" - pansi pake Russia sinachite nkhondo ngakhale imodzi. Onse omwe adatenga nawo gawo pakupha abambo ake adaphedwa, ndipo mfundo zomwe Alexander Wachitatu adatsata zimatchedwa "zosintha." Mfumuyo imatha kumveka - mantha amapitilira, ndipo magulu ophunzira ophunzira amuthandiza pafupifupi poyera. Sizinali zokhudzana ndi kusintha, koma za kupulumuka kwa olamulira.
29. Alexander III adamwalira ndi jade, atapsa mtima pakagwa tsoka pasitima, mu 1894, asanakwanitse zaka 50. Banja lake linali ndi ana 6, mwana wamwamuna wamkulu Nikolai adalowa pampando wachifumu. Iye anali oti akakhale mfumu yomaliza yaku Russia.
30. Makhalidwe a Nicholas II (1894 - 1917) amasiyana. Wina amamuwona ngati woyera, ndipo wina - wowononga Russia. Kuyambira pachiwopsezo pamanda, kulamulira kwake kudadziwika ndi nkhondo ziwiri zomwe sizinapambane, kuwukira kawiri, ndipo dzikolo latsala pang'ono kugwa. Nicholas II sanali wopusa kapena woipa. M'malo mwake, adapezeka pampando wachifumu nthawi yolakwika kwambiri, ndipo zisankho zingapo zidamulepheretsa omutsatira. Zotsatira zake, pa Marichi 2, 1917, Nicholas II adasaina chikalata chololera mpando wachifumu m'malo mwa mchimwene wake Mikhail. Ulamuliro wa Romanovs watha.
