Phiri la Krakatoa lero silimasiyana pamitundu yayikulu, koma litakhala chifukwa chazimiririka pachilumba chonsecho ndipo likupangitsabe mikangano pazotsatira zakuphulika kwake kwamtsogolo. Zimasintha chaka chilichonse, ndikukopa zilumba zapafupi. Komabe, ndizosangalatsa pakati pa alendo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amapita kukayendera ndikuwona stratovolcano kuchokera patali.
Zambiri zakuphulika kwa Krakatoa
Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudziwa kuti ndi mapiri ati omwe amaphulika kwambiri padziko lapansi, tiyenera kudziwa kuti ndi gawo la Malay Archipelago, lomwe limatchedwa Asia. Zilumbazi zili mu Sunda Strait, ndipo kuphulika kumeneku kuli pakati pa Sumatra ndi Java. Kudziwa madera a Krakatoa achichepere sikophweka, chifukwa amatha kusintha pang'ono chifukwa cha kuphulika kwadongosolo, kutalika kwenikweni ndi kutalika kuli motere: 6 ° 6 "7 ″S, 105 ° 25" 23 ″ E.
Poyamba, stratovolcano inali chilumba chonse chokhala ndi dzina lomweli, koma kuphulika kwamphamvu kudakuwononga pankhope ya Dziko Lapansi. Mpaka posachedwa, Krakatoa anali kuyiwalika, koma imawonekeranso ndikukula chaka chilichonse. Kutalika kwamapiri kuphulika ndi mamita 813. Pafupifupi, imakulira pafupifupi 7 mita chaka chilichonse. Amakhulupirira kuti phirili limalumikiza zilumba zonse zazilumbazi, zomwe zili ndi malo okwana masentimita 10.5. Km.
Mbiri ya tsoka lalikulu kwambiri
Krakatoa nthawi zina amatulutsa zomwe zili, koma pakhala pali zophulika zochepa chabe m'mbiri. Chochitika chowopsa kwambiri chiwerengedwa kuti chidachitika pa Ogasiti 27, 1883. Kenako chiphalaphala chooneka ngati phirilo chimabalalikiratu, ndikuponyera zidutswa 500 mbali zosiyanasiyana. Magma adawuluka mumtsinje wamphamvu kuchokera kuchigwacho mpaka kutalika kwa 55 km. Ripotilo linanena kuti mphamvu ya kuphulika inali ma point 6, zomwe ndizamphamvu zoposa masauzande ambiri ku Hiroshima.
Chaka chophulika chachikulu kwambiri chikhala mpaka kalekale m'mbiri ya Indonesia ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo ngakhale kunalibe anthu okhazikika ku Krakatoa, kuphulika kwake kudapangitsa kuti anthu zikwizikwi ochokera kuzilumba zapafupi aphedwe. Kuphulika kwamphamvu kumeneku kunayambitsa tsunami wokwera mita 35 yomwe idakuta malo opitilira gombe limodzi. Zotsatira zake, phiri la Krakatoa lidagawika m'zilumba zazing'ono:
- Rakata-Kecil;
- Rakata;
- Sergun.
Kukula kwa Krakatoa wachichepere
Pambuyo pakuphulika kwa Krakatoa, katswiri wophulitsa mapiri a Verbeek, m'modzi mwa mauthenga ake, adapereka lingaliro loti chatsopano chidzawonekera pamalo omwe amaphulika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka nthaka m'dera lino la kontrakitala. Zonenerazo zidakwaniritsidwa mu 1927. Kenako kuphulika kwamadzi kunachitika, phulusa lidakwera mita 9 ndikukhala mlengalenga masiku angapo. Zitatha izi, gawo laling'ono lomwe lidapangidwa kuchokera kuphiri lolimba lidawonekera, koma lidawonongedwa mwachangu ndi nyanja.
Kuphulika kochulukirachulukira mobwerezabwereza kokometsetsa, chifukwa chake mu 1930 kuphulika kunabadwa, komwe kunapatsidwa dzina loti Anak-Krakatau, lomwe limatanthauzira kuti "Mwana wa Krakatau".
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane phiri la Cotopaxi.
Chulucho chidasintha malo ake kangapo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mafunde am'nyanja, koma kuyambira 1960 yakhala ikukula pang'onopang'ono ndipo yakopa chidwi cha ofufuza ambiri.
Palibe amene amakayikira ngati chiphalaphalachi chikutha kapena chatha, popeza nthawi ndi nthawi chimatulutsa mpweya, phulusa ndi chiphalaphala. Kuphulika komaliza kumayambiranso ku 2008. Kenako ntchitoyi idakhala chaka chimodzi ndi theka. Mu February 2014, Krakatoa adadzionetsanso, ndikupangitsa zivomezi zoposa 200. Pakadali pano, ofufuza amayang'anitsitsa kusintha kwaphiriko.
Chidziwitso kwa alendo
Ngakhale kuti palibe amene amakhala pachilumba chaphalaphala, mafunso angabuke kuti ndi dziko liti kuti adziwe momwe angafikire chilengedwe. Ku Indonesia, kuli chiletso chokhazikika pafupi ndi phiri loopsa, komanso zoletsa maulendo opita kukaona alendo, koma anthu am'deralo ali okonzeka kutsagana ndi iwo omwe akufuna kupita pachilumbachi ngakhale kuthandizira kukwera Krakatoa palokha. Zowona, palibe amene adakwerapo chigwacho, ndipo palibe aliyense amene adzaloledwe kulowa kumeneko, chifukwa momwe kuphulika kwa mapiri kumayembekezereka.
Palibe chithunzi chomwe chingapereke chithunzi chenicheni cha kuphulika kwa phiri la Krakatoa, anthu ambiri amayesetsa kupita pachilumbachi kuti adzionere okha ma stingray okutidwa ndi phulusa, kujambula zithunzi pagombe laimvi, kapena kukafufuza zinyama ndi nyama zomwe zangotuluka kumene. Kuti mufike kuphiri, muyenera kubwereka boti. Izi zitha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, pachilumba cha Sebesi. Rangers sidzakuwonetsani komwe kuphulika kuli, komanso kukuperekezani komweko, chifukwa kuyenda payekha ndikoletsedwa.
