Mikhail Vasilevich Ostrogradsky (1801-1861) - Russian masamu ndi makaniko ochokera ku Ukraine, wophunzira ku St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, katswiri wamasamu wotchuka mu Ufumu wa Russia mu 1830-1860s.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu yonena za Ostrogradsky, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhani ino.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Mikhail Ostrogradsky.
Wambiri Ostrogradsky
Mikhail Ostrogradsky adabadwa pa Seputembara 12 (24), 1801 m'mudzi wa Pashennaya (m'chigawo cha Poltava). Iye anakulira m'banja la mwinimunda Vasily Ostrogradsky, amene anachokera ku banja lolemekezeka.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Ludzu la Michael la chidziwitso lidayamba kuwonekera ali mwana. Amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zochitika za sayansi yachilengedwe.
Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, Ostrogradsky sanakonde kuphunzira ku sukulu yogona, yomwe idatsogoleredwa ndi Ivan Kotlyarevsky, mlembi wa burlesque wotchuka "Aeneid".
Mikhail ali ndi zaka 15, adadzipereka, ndipo patatha chaka adakhala wophunzira ku Physics and Mathematics Faculty ku Kharkov University.
Patatha zaka 3, mnyamatayo adatha kulemba mayeso omaliza ndi ulemu. Komabe, apulofesa am'deralo adalandila satifiketi ya diploma ya Ostrogradskiy.
Khalidwe ili la aphunzitsi a Kharkov limalumikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwake pafupipafupi m'makalasi azaumulungu. Chifukwa, munthu anali wopanda digiri.
Patapita zaka zingapo, Mikhail Vasilyevich anapita ku Paris kukapitiriza kuphunzira masamu.
Mu likulu la France, Ostrogradsky adaphunzira ku Sorbonne ndi College de France. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti adapezeka pamisonkhano ndi asayansi odziwika bwino monga Fourier, Ampere, Poisson ndi Cauchy.
Zochita zasayansi
Mu 1823, Mikhail adayamba kugwira ntchito ngati pulofesa ku College of Henry 4. Munthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake, adalemba buku la "On the Propagation of Waves in the Cylindrical Basin", lomwe adalipereka kwa anzawo aku France kuti awalingalire.
Ntchitoyi idalandiridwa bwino, chifukwa chake a Augustin Cauchy adafotokoza izi za wolemba wake: "Mnyamata waku Russia uyu ali ndi luntha lodziwa zambiri ndipo amadziwa zambiri."
Mu 1828 Mikhail Ostrogradsky adabwerera kudziko lakwawo ndi dipuloma yaku France komanso mbiri yabwino ngati wasayansi wotchuka.
Patatha zaka ziwiri, katswiri wa masamu adasankhidwa kukhala katswiri wamaphunziro apamwamba ku St. Petersburg Academy of Science. M'zaka zotsatira adzakhala membala wa Paris Academy of Sciences, membala wa American, Roman ndi masukulu ena.
Pa mbiri ya 1831-1862. Ostrogradsky anali wamkulu wa Dipatimenti Yogwiritsa Ntchito Zimango ku Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers. Kuphatikiza pa maudindo ake achindunji, adapitiliza kulemba ntchito zatsopano.
M'nyengo yozizira ya 1838 Mikhail Vasilevich adakhala mlangizi wachinsinsi waudindo wachitatu, womwe umafanizidwa ndi mtumiki kapena kazembe.
Mikhail ankakonda kusanthula masamu, algebra, mwina lingaliro, zimango, chiphunzitso cha nyese ndi chiphunzitso cha manambala. Ndiye mlembi wa njira yophatikizira ntchito zomveka.
Mu sayansi ya sayansi, nayenso anafika kutalika kwambiri. Adapeza chilinganizo chofunikira pakusinthira voliyumu kuti ikhale yofunikira pamwambapa.
Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira, Ostrogradskiy adafalitsa buku momwe adafotokozera malingaliro ake pakuphatikizidwa kwamphamvu.
Ntchito yophunzitsa
Pamene Ostrogradsky anali ndi mbiri yodziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri masamu ku Russia, adayamba kupanga zochitika zachitukuko komanso zachitukuko ku St. Petersburg.
Mwamunayo anali pulofesa m'masukulu ambiri ophunzira. Kwa zaka zambiri anali woyang'anira wamkulu wamaphunziro amasamu m'masukulu ankhondo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti pamene ntchito za Nikolai Lobachevsky zidagwera m'manja mwa Ostrogradsky, adazitsutsa.
Kuyambira mu 1832, Mikhail Vasilyevich adaphunzitsa masamu apamwamba a algebra, mawunikidwe a geometry ndi makina ongolankhula ku Main Pedagogical Institute. Zotsatira zake, ambiri mwa omutsatira ake adakhala asayansi odziwika mtsogolo.
M'zaka za m'ma 1830, Ostrogradsky kapena mnzake Bunyakovsky adaphunzitsa masamu onse mwa apolisi.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, kwa zaka zoposa 30, mpaka imfa yake, Mikhail Vasilevich anali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa masamu aku Russia. Pa nthawi yomweyi, adathandizira mwanjira inayake kukhazikitsa aphunzitsi achichepere.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Ostrogradsky anali mphunzitsi wa ana a Emperor Nicholas 1.
Zaka zapitazi ndi imfa
Malinga ndi magwero ena, mu zaka zake zochepa, Ostrogradsky adachita chidwi ndi zamizimu. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti anali ndi diso limodzi.
Pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi asayansiyo asanamwalire, chotupa chake chidapangidwa pamsana pake, chomwe chidakhala chotupa chokula mofulumira. Anachitidwa opaleshoni, koma sizinathandize kupulumutsa iye kuimfa.
Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky anamwalira pa Disembala 20, 1861 (Januware 1, 1862) ali ndi zaka 60. Iye anaikidwa m'manda kwawo, monga anafunsa okondedwa ake.
Zithunzi za Ostrogradsky
