Church of the Holy Sepulcher ndi amodzi mwamalo ofunikira kwa nthumwi zonse zachikhristu, chifukwa zimakhudzana ndikudza kwa Khristu. Anthu zikwizikwi amabwera ku Yerusalemu tsiku lililonse omwe amadzinenera kuti malingaliro atapita kukachisi sangafotokozeredwe m'mawu, chifukwa chilichonse chadzaza ndi uzimu, ndipo palibe zithunzi zomwe zingapereke kukongola komwe kumawoneka pano pamavuto ampingo.
Mbiri yakukhazikitsidwa kwa Church of the Holy Sepulcher
Kachisiyu adamangidwa zaka masauzande angapo apitawa, kwa Akhristu malo ano nthawi zonse amakhala opatulika. Mu 135, kachisi wa Venus adamangidwa mdera laphanga. Mpingo woyamba udawonekera chifukwa cha St. Mfumukazi Elena. Kachisi watsopanoyu akuyambira ku Gologota mpaka pa Mtanda Wopatsa Moyo.
Maofesi onsewa anali ndi nyumba zosiyana. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- kachisi-mausoleum wozungulira;
- tchalitchi ndi crypt;
- mabwalo ozungulira.
Chojambula cha Church of the Resurrection ndi kukongoletsa kwake chinali chokongoletsedwa bwino. Njira zowunikira zidachitika pa Seputembara 13, 335.
Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga za Kachisi Wakumwamba.
Mu 614, Israeli adagonjetsedwa ndi asitikali aku Persia, pambuyo pake malo opatulikawo adagwidwa ndikuwonongedwa pang'ono. Ntchito yomangayi idamalizidwa ndi 626. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, tchalitchicho chidawonekeranso, koma nthawi ino malo opembedzerako sanawonongeke.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 11, Kachisi wa Holy Sepulcher adawonongedwa ndi Al-Hakim bi-Amrullah. Pambuyo pake, Konstantin Monomakh adalandira chilolezo chobwezeretsa tchalitchi chachikulu. Zotsatira zake, adamanga kachisi watsopano, koma nthawi zina amakhala wotsika poyerekeza ndi womangidwamo woyamba wokongola. Nyumbazi zinkawoneka ngati mapempherowo; rotunda ya kuuka kwa akufa idakhalabe nyumba yayikulu.
Munthawi ya nkhondo zachipembedzo, nyumbayi idamangidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito njira yachi Roma, chifukwa chake kachisi watsopanoyu adakumananso ndi malo onse opatulika omwe amakhala ku Yerusalemu. Zomangidwe zake zidatsatiranso a Gothic, koma mawonekedwe oyambirira a tchalitchichi okhala ndi zipilala, zotchedwa "zipilala za Helena", zidasungidwa pang'ono.
Pakati pa zaka za zana la 16th, nsanja yomangidwanso ya belu idagwa pang'ono chifukwa cha chivomerezi. Nthawi yomweyo, kachisiyo adakulitsidwa ndi magulu ankhondo aku Franciscan. Amasamaliranso zokongoletsa zamkati mwa cuvuklia.
Mu 1808, moto udabuka, chifukwa chihema chomwe chinali pamwamba pa mausoleum ndi kuvukliya chinawonongeka kwambiri. Kukonzanso kunatenga pafupifupi zaka ziwiri, pambuyo pake kuwonongeka kunakonzedwa, ndipo mzaka za m'ma 60 - 19th century dome idapatsidwa mawonekedwe a hemisphere, yomwe idawoneka ngati Anastasis, yopangidwa ndi Constantine Wamkulu.
Pakati pa zaka za zana la 20, panali malingaliro okonzanso kachisi padziko lonse lapansi, koma sizinayende chifukwa cha WWII. Mu 1959, kubwezeretsa kwakukulu kudayamba, ndipo pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa zaka zana, dome lidasinthidwanso. Mu 2013, mabelu omaliza adachokera ku Russia, omwe adayikidwiratu komwe anakonza.
Zipembedzo ndi njira zomwe adakhazikitsa
Popeza kachisiyo ndiye maziko a Chikhristu, zipembedzo zisanu ndi chimodzi zili ndi ufulu wochita misonkhano mkati mwake. Onsewa ali ndi tchalitchi chawo, aliyense ali ndi nthawi yake yapemphero. Chifukwa chake, Golgotha ndi Katolika adaperekedwa ku Tchalitchi cha Orthodox. Liturgy ku Cuvuklia imasinthana motsatizana nthawi.
Kuonetsetsa kuti pamakhala mtendere mumgwirizano wamavomerezo, makiyi akachisi adaperekedwa kwa banja lachiSilamu kuyambira 1192. Ufulu wotsegulira zipata wapatsidwa kwa banja lina lachi Muslim. Omwe ali ndi ma key satha kusintha, ndipo maudindo onsewa amatengera cholowa.
Zosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi Kachisi
M'mbiri yonse ya kachisi, zopeka zambiri zakhala zikupezeka zomwe zili zofunikira kwa oimira zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. Paulendowu, masitepe osasunthika nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa, amaikidwa pakati pazigawo zakunyumba. Poyamba, idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amonke kuti alowe mwachangu, tsopano sichichotsedwa, chifukwa ndi chizindikiro cha dongosolo lokhazikika pakati pa kuvomereza. Chithandizo cha masitepewa chili pagawo la Orthodox, ndipo mathero ake adalumikizidwa ndi gawo la chivomerezo cha Armenia. Zosintha pamapangidwe akachisi zitha kuchitika pokhapokha ndi oimira zivomerezo zisanu ndi chimodzi, kotero palibe amene angayerekeze kuchotsa izi m'mbuyomu.
Chimodzi mwazidutswa zamkati mwa Kachisi wa Ambuye chidagawanika. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zozizwitsa zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nthano. Kuphulika kudabuka mu 1634 pa Great Saturday. Chifukwa chakusiyana kwamasiku achisangalalo cha Isitala, mkangano udabuka pakati pamavomerezo, chifukwa omwe akhristu achi Orthodox samaloledwa kulowa mchalitchichi kuti akachite mwambowu wotsika wa Moto Woyera. Iwo omwe adabwera pamwambowu adapemphera kunja kwa mpanda wa tchalitchichi, chifukwa chake, kuchokera pakumenyera kwa mphezi kuchokera pamng'alu, Moto Woyera udawonekera. Malinga ndi miyambo ya Orthodox, makandulo 33 ayenera kuyatsidwa kuchokera ku Moto Woyera, womwe, kumapeto kwa msonkhano, amapita nawo kunyumba kukatsuka ndi kuteteza banja.
Kawirikawiri alendo amafuna kuyang'ana pa Mwala wa Chitsimikizo, komwe Yesu adabweretsedwa pambuyo pa kupachikidwa. Lili ndi dzinali chifukwa adayika thupi pamtengo wokutidwa ndi mafuta asanaikidwe. Chojambula chokongola kwambiri chimakongoletsa khoma loyang'anizana ndi Mwala Wodzoza. Paulendowu, ayenera kunena za chithunzi cha Amayi a Mulungu komanso gawo la chithunzi cha Amayi Osauka a Mulungu.
Kuthandiza alendo
Alendo omwe amabwera ku Yerusalemu amadabwa kuti Tchalitchi cha Holy Sepulcher chili kuti. Adilesi yake: Old Town, Christian Quarter. Ndizosatheka kuphonya zovuta, chifukwa simusowa kufunsa mafotokozedwe odutsa. Maola otsegulira mu 2016 amasiyana kutengera nyengo. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, mutha kukhala pagawo kuyambira maola 5 mpaka 20, komanso kugwa ndi nthawi yozizira - kuyambira 4:30 mpaka 19:00.
Aliyense akhoza kugula zikumbukiro zosaiwalika, kugula zolemba zaumoyo kapena kujambula zithunzi zosaiwalika. Komabe, chenicheni chakuchezera kachisi chidzasiya zambiri, tinganene chiyani za omwe anali ndi mwayi omwe adachita nawo miyambo ina, monga ukwati.