Vyacheslav Vasilevich Tikhonov (1928-2009) - wosewera Soviet ndi Russian. Ojambula Anthu a USSR. Adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha udindo wa wanzeru Isaev-Shtirlitsa mu mndandanda wa "Seventeen Moments of Spring".
Mu mbiri ya Tikhonov, pali zambiri zosangalatsa, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Vyacheslav Tikhonov.
Wambiri Tikhonov
Vyacheslav Vasilyevich Tikhonov anabadwa pa February 8, 1928 ku Pavlovsky Posad (dera la Moscow). Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja losavuta lomwe silikugwirizana ndi kanema.
Bambo ake, Vasily Romanovich, ankagwira ntchito yokonza makina ku fakitale, ndipo amayi ake, Valentina Vyacheslavovna, anali mphunzitsi ku sukulu ya mkaka.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Munthawi ya sukulu, maphunziro omwe Tikhonov ankakonda anali fizikiya, mbiri yakale ndi masamu. Kusukulu yasekondale, adadzilemba dzina lake "Ulemerero" padzanja lake. M'tsogolomu, amayenera kumubisa mosamala pochita nawo kujambula.
Pamene Vyacheslav anali ndi zaka 13, anali Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo (1941-1945). Posakhalitsa adalowa sukulu, kumene adalandira ntchito ya Turner.
Nditamaliza maphunziro awo ku koleji, mnyamatayo anapeza ntchito monga Turner pa fakitale asilikali. Tsiku lomaliza litatha, adakonda kupita kokaonera kanema ndi abwenzi ake. Iye anakonda kwambiri chithunzi cha Chapaev.
Inali nthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake Vyacheslav Tikhonov anali wofunitsitsa kukhala wosewera. Komabe, sanauze makolo ake za izi, omwe amamuwona ngati agronomist kapena mainjiniya. Mu 1944 adalembetsa nawo kukonzekera kwa Institute of Automotive.
Chaka chotsatira Tikhonov adayesetsa kupeza maphunziro ku VGIK. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti poyamba sanamulandire kuyunivesite, koma mayeso atatha, wopemphayo adavomerezabe kulowa mgululi.
Makanema
Pazenera lalikulu Vyacheslav adapezeka ali mwana, akusewera Volodya Osmukhin mu sewero la "Young Guard" (1948). Pambuyo pake, kwa zaka pafupifupi 10 adalandira maudindo ang'onoang'ono m'mafilimu ndipo nthawi yomweyo adasewera pa zisudzo.
Mu 1957, Tikhonov yonena za kulenga zinachitika chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Anakhala wojambula pa Studio Studio. M. Gorky, komanso adasewera mbali yayikulu mu melodrama "Zinali ku Penkovo". Udindowu udamupangitsa kutchuka kwa Mgwirizano.
Chaka chotsatira, Vyacheslav adatenganso gawo lalikulu mufilimuyi "Ch. P. - Mwadzidzidzi. " Chochititsa chidwi ndichakuti kanemayo adakhala mtsogoleri wogawa kanema ku USSR mu 1959 (owonera oposa 47 miliyoni), komanso filimu yokhayo ya studio ya Dovzhenko yomwe idapambana USSR.
Kenako Tikhonov adasewera makamaka otchulidwa kwambiri, omwe amakumbukiridwa ndi owonera ntchito ngati "Warrant Officer Panin", "Ludzu", "Tikhala ndi Moyo Mpaka Lolemba" ndi "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere". M'chithunzi chomaliza, adasandulika kukhala Prince Andrei Bolkonsky.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, Epic War and Peace yapambana mphotho zambiri zapamwamba, kuphatikiza US National Council of Film Critics Award for Best Foreign Language Film, komanso Golden Globe ndi BAFTA m'magulu a Kanema Wabwino Kwachilendo Wakunja.
Mu 1973, Vyacheslav Tikhonov adavomerezedwa kuti akhale Standartenfuehrer Stirlitz, wogwira ntchito zanzeru zaku Soviet, pamndandanda wazigawo 12 za Seventeen Moments of Spring. Chithunzichi chinapangitsa chidwi chenicheni, chifukwa chake chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri m'mbiri ya cinema Soviet.
Pambuyo pake, Tikhonov adapatsidwa udindo wosakhala wanzeru. Wochita seweroli anali wodziwika bwino pamakhalidwe ake kotero kuti chithunzi ichi adachipeza kwa moyo wake wonse. Dziwani kuti iye sanali kugwirizana ndi khalidwe la Stirlitz.
Mu 1974 Vyacheslav Vasilyevich anali kupereka mutu wa Chithunzi Anthu a USSR. Opanga mafilimu odziwika kwambiri adayesetsa kuti agwirizane naye. M'zaka zotsatira, adasewera m'mafilimu angapo azithunzi, kuphatikiza Iwo Anamenyera ku Motherland ndi White Bim Black Ear.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, Tikhonov adapereka mayeso pazithunzi za "Gosha" mu sewero lomwe adapambana Oscar "Moscow Sakhulupirira Misozi", koma director Vladimir Menshov adakonda Alexei Batalov kwa iye.
M'zaka za m'ma 80, wojambulayo adasewera anthu ambiri, koma analibe kutchuka ndi kutchuka, zomwe zinamupatsa udindo wa Stirlitz. Kuyambira 1989 mpaka kumwalira kwake, adakhala director director wa TVC "Actor of Cinema".
Pambuyo kugwa kwa USSR, Tikhonov anakhalabe mu mithunzi. Anapirira molimbika zotsatira za perestroika: kugwa kwa malingaliro komwe kunatsimikizira njira ya moyo wake wonse, ndipo kusintha kwa malingaliro kunakhala cholemetsa chovuta kwa iye.
Mu 1994 Nikita Mikhalkov adamupatsa gawo laling'ono mu melodrama Yotenthedwa ndi Dzuwa, yomwe, monga mukudziwa, adapambana Oscar pakusankhidwa kwa Kanema Wabwino Kwachilendo Wachilankhulo. Kenako adawoneka m'mabuku ngati "Malo Oyembekezera", "Boulevard novel" ndi "Essay for Victory Day."
Mu Zakachikwi zatsopano, Vyacheslav Tikhonov sanafune kuwonekera pazenera, ngakhale anali kupatsidwa maudindo osiyanasiyana. Kanema womaliza momwe adasewera munthu wofunikira anali wosangalatsa kwambiri Kupyola Maso a Nkhandwe, momwe adasewera wasayansi komanso wopanga.
Moyo waumwini
Tikhonov adakonda kuti asadzionetsere moyo wake, chifukwa amakuwona ngati chosafunikira. Mkazi wake woyamba anali wojambula wotchuka Nonna Mordyukova, yemwe adakhala naye pafupifupi zaka 13.
Muukwatiwu, banjali lidakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna, Vladimir, yemwe adamwalira ali ndi zaka 40 atamwa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kutha kwa okwatirana kunadutsa mwamtendere komanso popanda zochititsa manyazi. Olemba mbiri yina ya Tikhonov akuti chifukwa chopatukana chinali kuperekedwa kwa Mordyukova, pomwe ena anali okondana ndi wojambula waku Latvia Dzidra Ritenbergs.
Mu 1967, mwamunayo adakwatirana ndi womasulira Tamara Ivanovna. Mgwirizanowu udatha zaka 42, mpaka kumwalira kwa wojambulayo. Awiriwo anali ndi mwana wamkazi, Anna, yemwe pambuyo pake adatsata mapazi a abambo ake.
Mu nthawi yake ufulu Tikhonov ankakonda kupita kukawedza. Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda kwambiri mpira, pokhala wokonda Moscow "Spartak".
Matenda ndi imfa
M'zaka zaposachedwa, Vyacheslav Vasilyevich adakhala moyo wosasangalala, womwe adalandira dzina loti "The Great Hermit". Mu 2002 anadwala mtima. Patatha zaka 6, anachitidwa opaleshoni pamitsempha ya mtima.
Ngakhale opareshoniyo idamuyendera bwino, mwamunayo adadwala impso. Vyacheslav Tikhonov anamwalira pa 4 December 2009 ali ndi zaka 81.
Zithunzi za Tikhonov
