Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) - katswiri wamasamu waku France, makaniko, fizikiya, wolemba komanso wafilosofi. Zolemba pamabuku achi French, m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa masamu, chiphunzitso chazotheka komanso zojambulidwa, wopanga zitsanzo zoyambirira zaukadaulo, wolemba lamulo lofunikira la hydrostatics.
Pascal ndi waluso modabwitsa. Atakhala zaka 39 zokha, zambiri zomwe anali kudwala kwambiri, adatha kusiya gawo lalikulu mu sayansi ndi zolemba. Mphamvu yake yapadera yolowera pazinthu zenizeni zamulola kuti asakhale kokha m'modzi mwa asayansi akulu kwambiri nthawi zonse, komanso adathandizanso kutenga malingaliro ake muzolemba zosakhoza kufa.
Mwa iwo, Pascal ankayembekezera malingaliro angapo a Leibniz, P. Beyle, Rousseau, Helvetius, Kant, Schopenhauer, Scheler ndi ena ambiri.
Polemekeza a Pascal adatchulidwa:
- crater pamwezi;
- muyeso wa kupanikizika ndi kupsinjika (mu makina) mu dongosolo la SI;
- Chilankhulo cha Pascal.
- Imodzi mwamayunivesite awiri ku Clermont-Ferrand.
- Mphoto Yapachaka ya French Science.
- Kapangidwe ka makadi ojambula a GeForce 10, opangidwa ndi Nvidia.
Kutembenukira kwa Pascal kuchoka ku sayansi kupita ku chipembedzo chachikhristu kudachitika mwadzidzidzi, ndipo malinga ndi momwe wasayansi mwiniyo adafotokozera - kudzera munthawi yauzimu. Mwina izi sizinachitikepo m'mbiri. Zikafika pankhani ya asayansi a ukulu wotere.
Mbiri ya Pascal
Blaise Pascal adabadwira mumzinda waku Clermont-Ferrand ku France m'banja la tcheyamani wa ofesi yamsonkho, Etienne Pascal.
Anali ndi azichemwali ake awiri: womaliza, Jacqueline, ndi wamkulu, Gilberte. Amayi anamwalira Blaise ali ndi zaka zitatu. Mu 1631 banja linasamukira ku Paris.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Blaise anakula ngati mwana waluso kwambiri. Abambo ake, Etienne, adaphunzitsa mnyamatayo yekha; nthawi yomweyo, iyemwini anali odziwa bwino masamu: adazindikira ndikufufuza momwe kalembedwe ka algebraic kale sikanatchulidwe, kotchedwa "nkhono wa Pascal", komanso anali membala wa komiti yodziwitsa kutalika, yopangidwa ndi Cardinal Richelieu.
Abambo a Pascal anali ndi malingaliro omveka pakukula kwamalangizo a mwana wawo wamwamuna. Amakhulupirira kuti kuyambira zaka 12, Blaise ayenera kuphunzira zilankhulo zakale, komanso kuyambira 15 - masamu.
Pozindikira kuti masamu amatha kudzaza ndi kukhutitsa malingaliro, sanafune kuti Blaise amudziwe, poopa kuti izi zingamupangitse kunyalanyaza Chilatini ndi zilankhulo zina zomwe akufuna kumukweza. Atawona chidwi chamwana mwamphamvu kwambiri pamasamu, adamubisira mabuku a geometry.
Komabe, Blaise, wotsalira kunyumba yekha, anayamba kujambula ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana pansi ndi malasha ndikuziwerenga. Popanda kudziwa zamagetsi, adatcha mzerewu "ndodo" ndipo bwalo "ringlet".
Abambo a Blaise atachita mwangozi imodzi mwamaphunziro odziyimira pawokha, adadzidzimuka: wachinyamata uja, akuchoka paumboni wina kupita ku wina, anali atapita patsogolo pakufufuza kwake kotero kuti adafika polemba makumi atatu ndi awiri a buku loyamba la Euclid.
"Chifukwa chake munthu akhoza kunena popanda kukokomeza," analemba motero wasayansi wotchuka waku Russia a MM Filippov, "kuti Pascal adabwezeretsanso masamu akale, opangidwa ndi mibadwo yonse ya asayansi aku Aigupto ndi Agiriki. Izi sizingafanane ngakhale m'mabuku a akatswiri a masamu. "
Potsatira malangizo a mnzake, Etienne Pascal, wokhumudwa ndi luso lapadera la Blaise, adasiya maphunziro ake oyamba ndikulola mwana wawo wamwamuna kuwerenga mabuku a masamu.
Nthawi yopuma, Blaise adaphunzira ma geometry a Euclidean, ndipo pambuyo pake, mothandizidwa ndi abambo ake, adayamba ntchito za Archimedes, Apollonius, Pappus waku Alexandria ndi Desargues.
Mu 1634, Blaise ali ndi zaka 11 zokha, munthu wina patebulopo adabaya mbale yachakudya ndi mpeni, yomwe nthawi yomweyo idayamba kumveka. Mnyamatayo adazindikira kuti atangokhudza mbale ndi chala chake, mawuwo adasowa. Kuti apeze tanthauzo la izi, Pascal wachichepere adachita zoyeserera zingapo, zomwe zotsatira zake zidaperekedwa mu "Treatise on Sounds."
Kuyambira ali ndi zaka 14, Pascal adatenga nawo gawo pamisonkhano yamlungu ndi mlungu ya masamu odziwika bwino a Mersenne, yomwe imachitika Lachinayi. Apa adakumana ndi ma geometre aku France odziwika bwino a Desargues. Young Pascal anali m'modzi mwa ochepa omwe adaphunzira ntchito zake, zolembedwa mchinenero chovuta.
Mu 1640, ntchito yoyamba yosindikizidwa ya Pascal wazaka 17 idasindikizidwa - "An Experiment on Conical Sections", mwaluso kwambiri womwe udalowa mgolide wagolide wa masamu.
Mu Januwale 1640, banja la a Pascal adasamukira ku Rouen. Pazaka izi, thanzi la Pascal, lomwe silinali lofunika kwenikweni, lidayamba kuwonongeka. Komabe, anapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mwakhama.
Makina a Pascal
Apa tizingoyang'ana pagawo limodzi lokondweretsa la mbiri ya Pascal. Chowonadi ndi chakuti Blaise, monga malingaliro onse achilendo, adatembenuzira chidwi chake pazonse zomwe zidamuzungulira.
Nthawi yonseyi ya moyo wake, abambo a Blaise, monga oyang'anira zigawo ku Normandy, nthawi zambiri ankachita zowerengera zotopetsa pakugawa misonkho, ntchito ndi misonkho.
Atawona momwe abambo ake amagwirira ntchito ndi njira zachikhalidwe zogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ndikuwapeza osavomerezeka, Pascal adakhala ndi lingaliro lopanga chida chama kompyuta chomwe chitha kusiyanitsa kuwerengera.
Mu 1642, Blaise Pascal wazaka 19 adayamba kupanga makina ake achidule a "Pascaline", mwa ichi, ndi kuvomereza kwake, adathandizidwa ndi chidziwitso chomwe adapeza ali mwana.
Makina a Pascal, omwe adakhala chiwonetsero cha makina owerengera, amawoneka ngati bokosi lodzaza ndi magiya angapo olumikizana, ndikuwerengera ndi manambala asanu ndi limodzi. Kuonetsetsa kuti zomwe adapanga ndizolondola, Pascal adakhalapo panthawi yopanga zida zake zonse.
French Archimedes
Posakhalitsa galimoto ya Pascal idapangika ku Rouen ndiopanga mawotchi omwe sanawone choyambirira ndipo adapanga buku lake, motsogozedwa ndi nkhani za "gudumu lowerengera" la Pascal. Ngakhale kuti makina onyengawo sanali oyenera kuchita masamu, Pascal, akumva kuwawa ndi nkhaniyi, adasiya ntchito pazomwe adapanga.
Pofuna kumulimbikitsa kuti apitilize kukonza makinawo, abwenzi ake adakopa chidwi cha m'modzi mwa akuluakulu ku France - Chancellor Seguier. Iye, ataphunzira ntchitoyi, adalangiza Pascal kuti asayime pamenepo. Mu 1645, Pascal adapereka Seguier mtundu wamagalimoto, ndipo atatha zaka 4 adalandira mwayi wachifumu pazomwe adapanga.
Mfundo za matayala ophatikizidwa omwe adapangidwa ndi Pascal pafupifupi zaka mazana atatu zidakhala maziko a makina ambiri owonjezera, ndipo wopanga yekha adayamba kutchedwa French Archimedes.
Kudziwa Chi Jansenism
Mu 1646, banja la a Pascal, kudzera mwa madotolo omwe adathandizira Etienne, adadziwana ndi Jansenism, gulu lachipembedzo mu Katolika.
Blaise, ataphunzira zolemba za bishopu wotchuka wachi Dutch Dutch Jansenius "Pa kusintha kwa munthu wamkati" ndikutsutsa kufunafuna "ukulu, chidziwitso ndi chisangalalo", akukayika: kodi kafukufuku wake wasayansi siwachimo komanso wopembedza? Mwa banja lonse, ndiye yemwe adadzazidwa kwambiri ndi malingaliro a Jansenism, ndikumva "kutembenuka koyamba".
Komabe, sanasiye maphunziro ake mpaka pano. Mwanjira ina iliyonse, koma chochitika ichi ndi chomwe chidzasinthe moyo wake posachedwa.
Zofufuza ndi chitoliro cha Torricelli
Kumapeto kwa 1646, Pascal, ataphunzira kuchokera kwa mnzake wa atate wake za bomba la Torricelli, adabwereza zomwe wasayansi waku Italiya adachita. Kenako adapanga zoyeserera zingapo, kuyesera kutsimikizira kuti danga lomwe lili mu chubu pamwamba pa mercury silodzazidwa ndi nthunzi zake, kapena mpweya wosowa, kapena mtundu wina wa "chinthu chabwino".
Mu 1647, ali kale ku Paris ndipo, ngakhale adadwaladwala, Pascal adasindikiza zotsatira za zomwe adayesa m'kabuku kakuti "Kafukufuku Watsopano Wokhudza Kusowa Tulo".
Kumapeto kwa ntchito yake, Pascal adati malo omwe ali pamwamba pa chubu "Sikudzazidwa ndi zinthu zilizonse zodziwika m'chilengedwe ... ndipo malowa atha kuonedwa kuti alibe kanthu, kufikira pomwe padzakhale chinthu chilichonse chotsimikizika."... Uwu unali umboni woyambirira wa kuthekera kwachabechabe ndi kuti lingaliro la Aristotle la "mantha opanda pake" lili ndi malire.
Atatsimikizira kukhalapo kwa kuthamanga kwa mlengalenga, Blaise Pascal adatsutsa chimodzi mwazinthu zoyambirira za sayansi yakale ndikukhazikitsa lamulo loyambira la hydrostatics. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi zimagwira ntchito potengera lamulo la Pascal: mabuleki amagetsi, makina osindikizira, etc.
"Nthawi yadzikoli" mu mbiri ya Pascal
Mu 1651, abambo a Pascal amwalira, ndipo mng'ono wake, Jacqueline, akuchoka kunyumba ya amonke ku Port-Royal. Blaise, yemwe kale adathandizira mlongo wake pakufuna moyo wamamuna, poopa tsopano kutaya mnzake yekhayo womuthandizira, adamfunsa Jacqueline kuti asamusiye. Komabe, sanasinthe.
Moyo wokhazikika wa Pascal udatha, ndipo zosintha zazikulu zidachitika mu mbiri yake. Kuphatikiza apo, pamavuto onse adawonjezeranso kuti thanzi lake lakula kwambiri.
Ndipamene madokotala amalangiza wasayansi kuti achepetse kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe ndikukhala nthawi yayitali mdziko ladziko.
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1652, mu Nyumba Yachidule ya Luxembourg, ku Duchess d'Aiguillon's, Pascal adawonetsa makina ake owerengera masamu ndikuyika zoyeserera zakuthupi, zomwe zidakopa anthu onse. Munthawi ya mbiriyi, Blaise amenya ubale wapadziko lonse ndi oimira otchuka aku France. Aliyense akufuna kukhala pafupi ndi wasayansi wanzeru, yemwe mbiri yake yakula kupitirira France.
Ndi pomwe Pascal adakumana ndi chitsitsimutso cha chidwi pakufufuza komanso kufuna kutchuka, zomwe adazipondereza motsogozedwa ndi ziphunzitso za Jansenists.
Mabwenzi apamtima kwambiri a wasayansi anali Duke de Roanne, yemwe amakonda masamu. M'nyumba ya kalonga, komwe Pascal adakhala nthawi yayitali, adapatsidwa chipinda chapadera. Malingaliro ozikidwa pazowona zomwe Pascal adachita mgulu ladziko pambuyo pake adaphatikizidwa mu ntchito yake yapadera yafilosofi "Malingaliro".
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kutchova juga, kotchuka panthawiyo, kudapangitsa kuti m'makalata pakati pa Pascal ndi Fermat, maziko a chiphunzitso cha kuthekera adayikidwa. Asayansi, pothetsa vuto lakugawana njuga pakati pa osewera omwe adaseweredwa pamasewera, adagwiritsa ntchito njira zawo zonse zowerengera zowerengera, ndipo adabwera chimodzimodzi.
Apa ndiye kuti Pascal adapanga "Treatise on the Arithmetic Triangle", ndipo m'kalata yopita ku Paris Academy imadziwitsa kuti akukonzekera ntchito yofunikira yotchedwa "The Mathematics of Chance."
"Pempho lachiwiri" la Pascal
Usiku wa Novembala 23-24, 1654, "kuyambira teni ndi theka madzulo mpaka theka lapakati pausiku," Pascal, m'mawu ake, adazindikira kuwunika kosamveka kuchokera kumwamba.
Atafika, nthawi yomweyo adalembanso malingaliro omwe adalembapo pachikopa chomwe adasoka m'mbali mwa zovala zake. Ndi izi, zomwe olemba mbiri ake amazitcha "Pascal's Memorial", sanasiyane mpaka kumwalira kwake. Werengani mawu a Chikumbutso cha Pascal pano.
Chochitika ichi chidasintha moyo wake. Pascal sanamuuze mlongo wake Jacqueline za zomwe zidachitika, koma adafunsa wamkulu wa Port-Royal Antoine Senglen kuti akhale wobvomereza, adasiya ubale ndikusiya Paris.
Choyamba, amakhala kunyumba yachifumu ya Vaumurier ndi a Duke de Luin, kenako, kuti akafune kukhala okha, amasamukira ku Port-Royal. Amasiya kuchita sayansi. Ngakhale ulamuliro wankhanza womwe Port-Royal hermits amatsatira, Pascal akuwona kusintha kwakukula kwa thanzi lake ndipo akukula mwauzimu.
Kuyambira tsopano, akhala wopepesa wa Jansenism ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zonse pakulemba, ndikulozera cholembera chake kuti ateteze "zofunikira kwamuyaya." Nthawi yomweyo anali kukonzekera "masukulu ang'onoang'ono" a Jansenists buku la "Elements of Geometry" lokhala ndi zowonjezera za "On the Mathematical Mind" ndi "The Art of Persuading."
"Makalata Opita Kudera Lachigawo"
Mtsogoleri wauzimu wa Port-Royal anali m'modzi mwa anthu ophunzira kwambiri nthawi imeneyo - Doctor of the Sorbonne Antoine Arnault. Pomwe adapempha, a Pascal adatenga nawo gawo pazandale za Jansenist ndi maJesuit ndipo adalemba Makalata ku Provincial, chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cholemba ku France chodzudzula mwamphamvu lamuloli komanso malingaliro abwinowa opangidwa ndi mzimu wamalingaliro.
Kuyambira ndi kukambirana zakusiyana pakati pa a Jansenists ndi maJesuit, Pascal adatsutsa zamatsenga zaumulungu. Osaloleza kusintha kwa umunthu, adatsutsa zoyeserera za maJesuit, kutsogolera, m'malingaliro ake, kugwa kwamakhalidwe abwino aanthu.
Makalata adasindikizidwa mu 1656-1657. pansi pa dzina lachinyengo ndipo zinayambitsa chisokonezo chachikulu. Voltaire analemba kuti: “Pakhala zoyesayesa zambiri zosonyeza kuti maJesuit ndi onyansa; koma Pascal adachita zambiri: adawawonetsa zopanda pake komanso zopusa. "
Zachidziwikire, atatulutsa ntchitoyi, wasayansiyo adachita ngozi kuti agwere mu Bastille, ndipo amayenera kubisala kwakanthawi. Nthawi zambiri amasintha malo okhala ndikukhala ndi dzina labodza.
Kafukufuku wama cycloid
Atasiya kuphunzira mwadongosolo la sayansi, Pascal, komabe, nthawi zina ankakambirana mafunso a masamu ndi abwenzi, ngakhale sankafunanso kuchita nawo ntchito zasayansi.
Chokhacho chinali kafukufuku woyambira wa cycloid (malinga ndi abwenzi, adatenga vuto ili kuti asokonezeke ndi dzino).
Usiku umodzi, Pascal amathetsa vuto la cycloid la Mersenne ndikupanga zatsopano zapadera mu kafukufuku wake. Poyamba sankafuna kulengeza zomwe anapeza. Koma mnzake wa a Duke de Roanne adakonza zokonza nawo mpikisano wothana ndi mavuto a cycloid pakati pa akatswiri a masamu ku Europe. Asayansi ambiri odziwika nawo adachita nawo mpikisano: Wallis, Huygens, Rehn ndi ena.
Kwa chaka chimodzi ndi theka, asayansi akhala akukonzekera kafukufuku wawo. Zotsatira zake, oweruza adazindikira mayankho a Pascal, omwe adamupeza m'masiku ochepa chabe a dzino lowawa, ngati njira yabwino kwambiri, komanso njira yocheperako yomwe adagwiritsa ntchito pantchito zake idakhudzanso kupangika kwa masiyanidwe ndi kuphatikiza.
"Maganizo"
Kuyambira 1652, Pascal adakonza zopanga ntchito yofunikira - "The Apology of the Christian Religion." Chimodzi mwazolinga zazikulu za "Kupepesa ..." chinali kudzudzula kuti kulibe Mulungu komanso kuteteza chikhulupiriro.
Nthawi zonse ankasinkhasinkha za mavuto achipembedzo, ndipo malingaliro ake adasintha pakapita nthawi, koma zochitika zosiyanasiyana zidamulepheretsa kuyamba kugwira ntchito, yomwe adailingalira ngati ntchito yayikulu pamoyo.
Kuyambira pakati pa 1657, Pascal adalemba zidutswa zamaganizidwe ake pamapepala osiyana, ndikuzigawa pamitu.
Pozindikira kufunikira kwa lingaliro lake, Pascal adadzigawira yekha zaka khumi kuti apange ntchitoyi. Komabe, matenda adamulepheretsa: kuyambira koyambirira kwa 1659 adangolemba zolemba zochepa.
Madokotala amamuletsa kupsinjika kwamaganizidwe ndikumubisira pepala ndi inki, koma wodwalayo adatha kulemba chilichonse chomwe chimabwera mutu wake, pazinthu zilizonse zomwe zilipo. Pambuyo pake, atalephera ngakhale kulamula, anasiya kugwira ntchito.
Zotetezedwa pafupifupi zikwi chikwi, zosiyana pamitundu, voliyumu ndi digiri yathunthu. Adawamasulira ndikuwasindikiza m'buku lotchedwa "Thoughts on Religion and Other Subjects", pomwepo bukuli limangotchedwa "Maganizo".
Amadzipereka makamaka ku tanthauzo la moyo, cholinga cha munthu, komanso ubale pakati pa Mulungu ndi munthu.
Kodi chimera chotere ndi chiyani? Kudabwitsa kwake, chilombo chotani, chisokonezo chotani, gawo lotsutsana, chozizwitsa chotani! Woweruza wazinthu zonse, nyongolotsi yopanda pake yapadziko lapansi, wosunga chowonadi, malo osakayikira ndi zolakwika, ulemerero ndi zinyalala zachilengedwe.
Blaise Pascal, Maganizo
"Maganizo" adalowa m'mabuku akale achi French, ndipo Pascal adangokhala wolemba wamkulu komanso katswiri wamasamu m'mbiri yamasiku amodzimodzi nthawi yomweyo.
Werengani malingaliro a Pascal pano.
Zaka zapitazi
Kuyambira 1658, thanzi la Pascal lidachepa mwachangu. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamakono, mu moyo wake waufupi, Pascal adadwala matenda ovuta kwambiri: chotupa choipa chaubongo, chifuwa cham'mimba ndi rheumatism. Amagonjetsedwa ndi kufooka kwakuthupi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadwala mutu wowopsa.
Huygens, yemwe adayendera Pascal mu 1660, adamupeza ali wokalamba kwambiri, ngakhale kuti panthawiyo Pascal anali ndi zaka 37 zokha. Pascal amadziwa kuti amwalira posachedwa, koma samawopa kufa, kuuza mlongo wake Gilberte kuti imfa imachotsa mwa munthu "tsoka loti achimwe".
Makhalidwe a Pascal
Blaise Pascal anali munthu wofatsa kwambiri komanso wokoma mtima modabwitsa, ndipo mbiri yake ili ndi zitsanzo zambiri zodzipereka modabwitsa.
Amakonda osauka kwamuyaya ndipo nthawi zonse amayesetsa kuwathandiza ngakhale (ndipo nthawi zambiri) kuti adzivulaze. Anzake amakumbukira:
“Sanakane kulandira mphatso zachifundo kwa aliyense, ngakhale iye mwini sanali wolemera ndipo ndalama zomwe amadwaladwala pafupipafupi zimadutsa zomwe amapeza. Nthawi zonse amapereka zachifundo, amadzikana yekha zomwe zimafunikira. Koma pomwe izi zidamuwuza, makamaka pomwe ndalama zomwe amapereka pamalipiro zinali zazikulu kwambiri, adakwiya ndipo adatiuza kuti: "Ndazindikira kuti ngakhale munthu akhale wosauka bwanji, atamwalira nthawi zonse pamakhala china chake." Nthawi zina amapita kutali kotero kuti amachita kubwereka kuti azipeza ndalama ndikubwereka ndi chiwongola dzanja kuti athe kupatsa osauka zonse zomwe anali nazo; Pambuyo pake, sanafunenso kuthandizidwa ndi abwenzi, chifukwa adaika lamulo loti asaganize zosowa za ena ngati zolemetsa kwa iye, koma nthawi zonse samalani kuti musenzetse ena zosowa zake. "
Kumapeto kwa 1661, Pascal adagawana ndi a Duke de Roanne lingaliro la kupanga njira yotsika mtengo komanso yopezeka yonyamula anthu osauka m'magalimoto okhala ndi mipando ingapo. A Duke adayamika ntchito ya Pascal, ndipo patatha chaka njira yonyamula anthu onse idatsegulidwa ku Paris, yomwe pambuyo pake idatchedwa omnibus.
Atatsala pang'ono kumwalira, Blaise Pascal adatenga banja lake la munthu wosauka yemwe samatha kulipirira nyumba. Pamene m'modzi mwa ana a munthu wosauka uyu adadwala nthomba, Pascal adalangizidwa kuti achotse mnyamatayo mnyumba.
Koma Blaise, yemwe adadwala kale, adati kusunthaku sikunali koopsa kwa iye kuposa mwanayo, ndipo adapempha kuti apite naye kwa mlongo wake, ngakhale zidamupweteka kwambiri.
Uyu anali Pascal.
Imfa ndi kukumbukira
Mu Okutobala 1661, pomwe panali chizunzo chatsopano cha a Jansenists, a Jacqueline, mlongo wake wa wasayansi wamkulu, amwalira. Izi zinali zovuta kwa wasayansi.
Pa Ogasiti 19, 1662, atadwala kwanthawi yayitali, Blaise Pascal adamwalira. Anaikidwa m'manda mu tchalitchi cha parishi ya Paris Saint-Etienne-du-Mont.
Komabe, Pascal sanapangidwe kuti akhalebe wosadziwika. Pambuyo pa imfa ya sefa, cholowa chake chinayamba kusefa, kuwunika kwa moyo wake ndi ntchito yake kunayamba, zomwe zikuwonekera kuchokera ku epitaph iyi:
Mwamuna yemwe samadziwa mkazi wake
Mu chipembedzo, woyera, wolemekezeka ndi ukoma,
Wotchuka pa maphunziro,
Malingaliro akuthwa ...
Ndani amakonda chilungamo
Woteteza chowonadi ...
Mdani wankhanza amene amawononga chikhalidwe chachikhristu,
Mwa iwo olankhula mawu amakonda mawu,
Mwa iye olemba amazindikira chisomo
Amene masamu amasirira mozama
Amene afilosofi amafunafuna nzeru,
Mwaomwe madotolo amayamika wophunzitsa zaumulungu,
Mwa amene opembedza Mulungu amalemekeza munthu wosasangalala,
Yemwe aliyense amasilira ... Yemwe aliyense ayenera kudziwa.
Zambiri, tidutsa, tidataya ku Pascal,
Iye anali Ludovic Montalt.
Zokwanira zanenedwa, tsoka, misozi imabwera.
Ndine chete ...
Patatha milungu iwiri a Pascal atamwalira, Nicolas adati: “Titha kunena zowona kuti tataya m'modzi mwa akatswiri opambana onse omwe adakhalako. Sindikuwona aliyense yemwe ndingamufanizire naye: Pico della Mirandola ndi anthu onsewa omwe dziko lapansi limasilira anali opusa pomuzungulira ... Yemwe timamumvera chisoni anali mfumu muufumu wamalingaliro ... ".
