Pyotr Pavlovich Ershov (1815 - 1869) adanyezimira pamwamba pa thambo la mabuku aku Russia ngati meteor wowala kuchokera ku nthano ya "Kavalo Wamng'ono Wamphongo". Popeza adalemba izi adakali aang'ono, wolemba adavomerezedwa pomwepo pagulu la olemba a St. Petersburg omwe adayamika luso lake. Komabe, zochitika zina pamoyo wake sizinalole kuti Ershov apitilize kuzindikira luso lake la kulenga. Ershov anakakamizika kuchoka ku St. Petersburg, adayenera kulira imfa ya achibale ndi ana ambiri. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti m'mikhalidwe yotere Pyotr Pavlovich sanataye mphamvu zake ndipo adatha kupereka nawo gawo lalikulu pakukula kwamasukulu ku Tobolsk ndi chigawochi. Kavalo Wamng'ono Wopanda Mavuto nthawi zonse azikhala mwaluso kwambiri pazolemba za ana aku Russia.
1. Pyotr Ershov anabadwira m'mudzi wa Bezrukovo, m'chigawo cha Tobolsk, m'banja la wamkulu wa apolisi. Anali wapolisi wapamwamba kwambiri - wamkulu wa apolisi amatsogolera achitetezo ndipo anali membala wa khothi m'maboma angapo ogwirizana m'boma la apolisi. Ku Siberia, akhoza kukhala madera masauzande makilomita. Chosavuta pantchitoyo chinali kuyenda nthawi zonse. Komabe, Pavel Ershov adachita ntchito yabwino, ndipo pomwe ana ake amaliza maphunziro awo kusekondale, adapitanso ku St. Petersburg. Amayi a wolemba mtsogolo Efimia adachokera kubanja lamalonda.
2. Ershov adayamba kulandira maphunziro apabanja pomwe banja lake limakhala m'mudzi wawukulu wa Berezovo. Kumeneko, Peter adapita ku sukulu ya chigawo kwa zaka ziwiri.
3. Pamalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, Peter ndi mchimwene wake wamkulu Nikolai adaphunzira ku Tobolsk. Bwalo lochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi linali lokhalo ku Siberia konse. M'zaka za zana la 19, mzinda uwu unali utayamba kutaya tanthauzo lake, komabe udakalibe mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Siberia. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti pambuyo pa moyo wakumudzi, anyamatawo adachita chidwi ndi mzinda wawukuluwo.
4. Ku Tobolsk, Ershov anali bwenzi la wolemba nyimbo wamtsogolo Alexander Alyabyev. Ngakhale adawonetsa chiyembekezo chachikulu munyimbo, ndipo mwanjira inayake adatsimikizira kuti Ershov samamvetsetsa chilichonse mmenemo. Nthawi zambiri amapita kumayesero a oimba, ndipo Ershov adazindikira kuti m'modzi mwa oyimba zeze, akumva zabodza, amapanga zisangalalo zosangalatsa. Kutengera chidziwitso ichi, Peter adalonjeza kubetcha - amva kolemba konyenga koyamba. Chomwe Alyabyev adadabwa, Ershov adapambana mosavuta.
Alexander Alyabyev
5. Ershov anamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite ya St. Petersburg ali ndi zaka 20. Zoona, iye ankachita maphunziro ake, kuti anene mofatsa, popanda chidwi. Malinga ndi kuvomereza kwake, wolemba, ngakhale atamaliza maphunziro ake ku yunivesite, samadziwa chilankhulo chimodzi chachilendo, chomwe chinali chinthu chodabwitsa kwa munthu wophunzira wazaka zimenezo.
6. Njira ya wolemba kutchuka inali yofulumira kwambiri kuposa momwe amaphunzirira. Kale mu 1833 (ali ndi zaka 18) anayamba kulemba The Little Humpbacked Horse, ndipo chaka chotsatira nthano, yomwe inalandira kulandiridwa bwino ndi olemba ndi otsutsa, idasindikizidwa kope lina.
7. Pachimake pa funde lopambana, Ershov adawonongeka kawiri konse nthawi imodzi - ndi miyezi ingapo, mchimwene wake ndi abambo ake adamwalira.
8. Kavalo Wamng'ono Wopanda Mavuto adadutsa pamitundu 7 nthawi ya wolemba. Tsopano chachinayi chimatengedwa ngati chachikulu, chomwe Ershov anachitidwa kwambiri.
9. Kupambana kwa nthano ya Ershov kumawoneka kofunikira kwambiri motsutsana ndi mbiri yoti sanali woyambitsa mtundu wa nthano mu vesi. M'malo mwake, kunali koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 19 pomwe nthano zinalembedwa ndi A.S. Pushkin, V.I. Dal, A.V. Koltsov ndi olemba ena. Pushkin, atatha kumvetsera gawo loyamba la nthano "Kavalo Wamng'ono Wodzikweza", nthabwala adati tsopano alibe chochita pamtunduwu.
10. Peter Pletnev, pulofesa waku yunivesite, adabweretsa Ershov kwa Pushkin. Anali Pletnev yemwe Pushkin adadzipereka kwa "Eugene Onegin". Pulofesayu adakonza chiwonetsero cha The Little Humpbacked Horse m'njira yosangalatsa kwambiri. Anangoyamba kuziwerenga m'malo momvera nkhani ina. Ophunzira atayamba kudabwa kuti wolemba ndi ndani. Pletnev adalozera Ershov atakhala mu holo momwemonso.
Peter Pletnev
11. Abambo ake atamwalira, Peter adasiyidwa wopanda womulondera ndipo sakanatha kukhala ndiudindo waboma ku St. Petersburg, monga amayembekezera. Wolemba adaganiza zobwerera kwawo ku Siberia ngati mphunzitsi ku malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.
12. Ershov anali ndi malingaliro akutali ofufuza za Siberia. Anali mnzake ndipo amalemberana makalata ndi anthu ambiri otchuka ku Siberia, koma sanakwaniritse maloto ake.
13. Ntchito ya wolemba pantchito yophunzitsa anthu singatchulidwe mwachangu. Inde, ndipo anasankhidwa kukhala mphunzitsi wa Chilatini, chomwe Ershov ankadana nacho kuyambira masiku a masewera olimbitsa thupi. Anadzuka paudindo woyang'anira malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi atatha zaka 8 akugwira ntchito yauphunzitsi, ndipo adakhala director pambuyo pa zaka 13. Koma atakhala director, Pyotr Pavlovich adayambitsa ntchito yolimba kwambiri. Anayenda kudera lonse la Tobolsk ndipo adakhazikitsa masukulu angapo atsopano, kuphatikiza 6 azimayi. Pansi pa cholembera chake padatuluka ntchito zoyambirira ziwiri zophunzitsira.
14. Pa cheke chotsatira mu 1857, Ershov adawonjezeredwa pamndandanda wa anthu omwe akuyenera kudaliridwa ndi boma. Nthawi yomweyo, m'mawu ovomerezeka, amatchedwa "wanzeru, wokoma mtima komanso wowona mtima".
15. Ershov adakhazikitsa bwalo lamasewera ku Tobolsk ndipo adalemba zisudzo zingapo.
16. Tobolsk panthawi ya Ershov anali malo otchuka andende. Wolemba anali abwenzi ndipo amalankhula ndi a Decembrists, kuphatikiza A. Baryatinsky, I. A. Annenkov ndi a Fonvizins. Amadziwikanso ndi a Poles omwe adatengedwa ukapolo chifukwa chotenga nawo gawo pa 1830.
17. Moyo wa wolemba udali wovuta kwambiri. Adamwalira bambo ake ali ndi zaka 19, amayi ake ali ndi zaka 23. Ershov adakwatiwa kawiri. Nthawi yoyamba inali pa mkazi wamasiye yemwe anali kale ndi ana anayi. Mkazi anakhala m'banja zaka zisanu zokha, ndipo Pyotr Pavlovich anatsala yekha ndi ana. Pasanathe zaka ziwiri, Ershov adakwatiranso, koma amayenera kukhala zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zokha ndi mkazi wake wachiwiri. Mwa ana 15 ochokera m'mabanja awiri, anayi adapulumuka, ndipo mu 1856 Ershov amayenera kuyika mwana wake wamwamuna ndi wamkazi mu sabata limodzi.
18. Moyo wa Ershov udalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi banja la wasayansi wamkulu Dmitry Mendeleev. Bambo mankhwala anali mlangizi Ershov pa sukulu ya masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kenako maudindo anasintha - Ershov adaphunzitsa achinyamata Dmitry ku sukulu ya masewera, omwe, atamaliza maphunziro awo, anakwatira mwana wamkazi wolemba.
19. Ku Tobolsk, Ershov adapitilizabe kuchita nawo zolembalemba, koma adalephera kupanga chilichonse, ngakhale pafupifupi mulingo wa Hatchi Yaing'ono Yobwerera. Adafalitsa zinthu zambiri podzitcha mayina onga "Wokhala ku Tobolsk".
19. Mudzi wakomweko wa Peter Ershov udasinthidwa dzina pomupatsa ulemu. Sukulu yophunzitsa ku Ishim ndi msewu ku Tobolsk adatchulidwanso dzina la wolemba. Cultural Center yotchulidwa ndi wolemba ikugwira ntchito. P. Ershov ali ndi zipilala ziwiri komanso zopumira. Ershov anaikidwa m'manda a Zavalinsky ku Tobolsk.
Manda a P. Ershov
