Pa nyimbo zaku Russia, Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (1804 - 1857) anali ofanana ndi a Pushkin pazolemba. Nyimbo zaku Russia zidakhalako Glinka asanafike, koma pokhapokha atawonekera ntchito zake "Life for the Tsar", "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila", "Kamarinskaya", nyimbo ndi zachikondi, nyimbo zidapulumuka kuma salons akudziko ndikukhala anthu enieni. Glinka adakhala woyamba kupeka dziko ku Russia, ndipo ntchito yake idakhudza otsatira ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, Glinka, yemwe anali ndi mawu abwino, adayambitsa sukulu yoyamba yophunzitsa mawu ku Russia ku St.
Moyo wa MI Glinka sungatchulidwe wosavuta komanso wopanda nkhawa. Osakumana ndi mavuto, monga ambiri mwa omwe amagwira nawo ntchito, anali ndi mavuto azakuthupi, anali wosasangalala m'banja lake. Mkazi wake amamunyenga, amamunamiza mkazi wake, koma malinga ndi malamulo amtsogolo a chisudzulo, sanathe kulekana kwanthawi yayitali. Njira zopangira ntchito za Glinka sizinalandiridwe bwino ndi aliyense, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimadzudzula. Wolemba nyimboyo adalemekeza kuti sanataye mtima ndikupita momwemo, osatembenukirako ngakhale atachita bwino kwambiri, monga ndi opera "A Life for the Tsar", kapena atayamba kulephera ("Ruslan ndi Lyudmila")
1. Mayi ake a Glinka a Evgenia Andreevna adachokera ku banja lolemera kwambiri la eni nyumba, ndipo abambo awo anali eni ake a minda yamanja. Chifukwa chake, pomwe Ivan Nikolaevich Glinka adaganiza zokwatiwa ndi Evgenia Andreevna, abale a mtsikanayo (abambo ndi amayi awo anali atamwalira nthawi imeneyo) adamukana, osayiwala kunena kuti ana omwe adalephera nawonso ndi abale ake achiwiri. Mosaganizira kawiri, achinyamatawa adakonza chiwembu chothawa. Kuthawa kunali kopambana chifukwa cha mlatho womwe udawonongedwa munthawi yake. Pomwe kuthamangitsako kudafika kutchalitchiko, ukwati udali utachitika kale.
2. Malinga ndi nthano yamakolo, Mikhail Glinka adabadwa nthawi yomwe ma nightingles anali atangoyamba kuyimba m'mawa - ziwonetsero zabwino komanso chisonyezo champhamvu zamtsogolo za wakhanda. Munali pa Meyi 20, 1804.
3. Mmanja mwa agogo ake aamuna, mnyamatayo adakula bwino, ndipo abambo ake amamutcha "mimosa". Kenako Glinka yekha adadzitcha dzina ili.
4. Mudzi wa Novospasskoye, momwe a Glinki ankakhalamo, panthawi ya Nkhondo Yakukonda Dziko Lonse la 1812 anali amodzi mwa malo azigawenga. A Glinka nawonso adasamutsidwa kupita ku Oryol, koma wansembe wawo wanyumba, bambo Ivan, anali m'modzi mwa atsogoleri azigawenga. Achifalansa adayesera kulanda mudziwo, koma adabwereranso. Little Misha ankakonda kumvetsera nkhani za zigaŵenga.
5. Achibale onse ankakonda nyimbo (amalume anga anali ndi gulu lawo loimba), koma woyang'anira Varvara Fedorovna adaphunzitsa Misha kuti aziphunzira mwadongosolo nyimbo. Anali wachidwi, koma woyimba wachichepere amafunikira - amayenera kumvetsetsa kuti nyimbo ndi ntchito.
6. Mikhail adayamba kulandira maphunziro wamba ku Noble Boarding School - sukulu ya junior ya Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum wodziwika bwino. Glinka anaphunzira m'kalasi lomwelo ndi Lev Pushkin, mchimwene wake wa Alexander, yemwe nthawi yomweyo anaphunzira ku Lyceum. Komabe, Mikhail adangokhala m'nyumba yogona kwa chaka chimodzi chokha - ngakhale anali ndiudindo wapamwamba, zikhalidwe zamasukulu zinali zoyipa, mchaka chimodzi mnyamatayo adadwala kwambiri kawiri ndipo abambo ake adaganiza zomusamutsira ku sukulu yolowera ku St. Petersburg ku University of Pedagogical.
7. M'nyumba yatsopano yogona, Glinka adapezeka kuti ali pansi pa mapiko a Wilhelm Küchelbecker, yemweyo yemwe adawombera Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich pa Senate Square ndikuyesera kuwombera akuluakulu awiri. Koma munali mu 1825, ndipo mpaka pano Küchelbecker adalembedwa kuti ndiodalirika.
Mwambiri, chidwi chanyimbo chinagwira nawo gawo loti kuwukira kwa a Decembrists kumawoneka ngati kukudutsa Glinka. Amadziwika ndi ambiri mwa omwe anali nawo pamwambowo, ndipo adamva zokambirana zina. Komabe, nkhaniyi sinapitirirepo, ndipo Mikhail anapulumuka mosamala tsoka la omwe anapachikidwa kapena kupita nawo ku Siberia.
Kupanduka kwachinyengo
9. Pension Glinka adamaliza wachiwiri pamaphunziro, ndipo pa phwando lomaliza maphunziro adasewera ndi piyano yabwino kwambiri.
Nyimbo yotchuka "Osayimba, kukongola, ndi ine…" idawoneka mwanjira yachilendo. Kamodzi Glinka ndi awiri Alexandra - Pushkin ndi Griboyedov - adakhala chilimwe ku malo a abwenzi awo. Griboyedov nthawi ina adasewera piyano nyimbo yomwe adamva atatumikira ku Tiflis. Pushkin nthawi yomweyo analemba mawu a nyimboyo. Ndipo Glinka amaganiza kuti nyimbo zitha kupangidwa bwino, ndipo tsiku lotsatira adalemba nyimbo yatsopano.
11. Pamene Glinka amafuna kupita kunja, abambo ake sanavomereze - ndipo thanzi la mwana wawo linali lofooka, ndipo kunalibe ndalama zokwanira ... Mikhail adayitanitsa dokotala yemwe amamudziwa, yemwe, atamuyesa wodwalayo, adati ali ndi matenda owopsa ambiri, koma ulendo wopita kumayiko nyengo yofunda imuchiritsa popanda mankhwala aliwonse.
12. Ali ku Milan, Glinka ankakonda kusewera zisudzo zomwe anamva ku La Scala usiku wapitawu. Unyinji wa nzika zakomweko adasonkhana pazenera la nyumba yomwe wolemba nyimbo waku Russia amakhala. Ndipo magwiridwe antchito a serenade yolembedwa ndi Glinka pamutu wochokera ku opera Anna Boleil, womwe unachitikira pakhonde lalikulu la nyumba ya loya wodziwika ku Milan, kudadzetsa magalimoto.
13. Akukwera Phiri la Vesuvius ku Italy, Glinka adakwanitsa kulowa mu mphepo yamkuntho weniweni waku Russia. Tinakwanitsa kukwera tsiku lotsatira.
14. Konsati ya Glinka ku Paris inasonkhanitsa holo yonse ya Hertz (m'modzi mwa omvera kwambiri ku likulu la France) ndipo adalandila ndemanga kuchokera kwa omvera ndi atolankhani.
15. Glinka adakumana ndi mkazi wake wamtsogolo Maria Ivanova atafika ku St. Petersburg kudzawona m'bale yemwe akudwala kwambiri. Wolemba sanali nthawi yoti awone m'bale wake, koma anapeza mnzake. Mkazi adakhalabe wokhulupirika kwa mwamuna wake kwa zaka zochepa chabe, kenako adatuluka. Miyezo ya chisudzulo idachotsa mphamvu ndi misempha yambiri ya Glinka.
16. Mutu wa zisudzo "A Life for the Tsar" adanenedwa kwa wolemba ndi V. Zhukovsky, ntchito pamutuwu - "Dumas" wolemba K. Ryleev - adalangizidwa ndi V. Odoevsky, ndipo dzinalo lidapangidwa ndi director of the Bolshoi Theatre A. Gedeonov, pomwe imodzi mwazoyeserera izi idachitikira Nikolai I.
Chithunzi cha opera "A Life for the Tsar"
17. Lingaliro la "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" nawonso adabadwa limodzi: mutuwo udanenedwa ndi V. Shakhovsky, malingaliro adakambirana ndi Pushkin, ndipo wojambula Ivan Aivazovsky adasewera nyimbo zingapo za Chitata pa vayolini.
18. Anali Glinka yemwe, mmawu amakono, kuponyera oyimba ndi oyimbira ku nyumba yachifumu, yomwe adawatsogolera, adapeza luso la woimba komanso wolemba nyimbo wotchuka wa Opera G. Gulak-Artemovsky.
19. M. Glinka adaimba nyimbo ndakatulo "Ndikukumbukira mphindi yabwino ...". Pushkin adapatulira kwa Anna Kern, komanso wolemba nyimboyo ndi Ekaterina Kern, mwana wamkazi wa Anna Petrovna, yemwe anali naye pachibwenzi. Glinka ndi Catherine Kern amayenera kukhala ndi mwana, koma kunja kwa ukwati Catherine sanafune kumubereka, ndipo chisudzulocho chidapitilira.
20. Wolemba nyimbo wamkulu adamwalira ku Berlin. Glinka anatenga chimfine akubwerera kuchokera ku konsati komwe ntchito zake zinachitikanso. Kuzizira kunapezeka kuti kwakupha. Choyamba, wolemba anaikidwa m'manda ku Berlin, koma phulusa lake anaikidwa m'manda mu Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
