Vladimir Vysotsky (1938 - 1980) ndichinthu chapadera mu chikhalidwe cha Russia. Ndakatulo zake zimawoneka zopanda tanthauzo popanda nyimbo. Kulira kwa gitala nthawi zina mwadala mwadzidzidzi sikofanana kwambiri ndi kulira kwa zeze wa Aeolian. Zimakhalanso zovuta kudabwitsa winawake ndi mawu okweza. Monga wosewera, Vysotsky anali wolimba mkati mwamtundu wopapatiza. Koma kuphatikiza kwa izi zonse mwa munthu m'modzi kwakhala chinthu chodabwitsa. Moyo wa Vysotsky unali waufupi, koma wosangalatsa. Ili ndi nyimbo zambirimbiri, maudindo ambiri mu zisudzo ndi makanema, azimayi komanso kupembedza kwa zikwi za anthu. Tsoka ilo, anali ndi malo osokoneza bongo opweteka, omwe pamapeto pake adapha bard.
1. Abambo a Vysotsky, Semyon Vladimirovich, adabwerera kuchokera kunkhondo, koma sanabwerere kubanja lawo. Komabe, Volodya anali wokondwa kuposa mamiliyoni a anyamata azaka zake - abambo ake anali akadali amoyo, amayendera mwana wawo nthawi zonse ndikumusamalira. Mayi ake, Nina Maksimovna, mwamsanga anapeza mwamuna watsopano.
2. Bambo ake opeza a Vysotsky adalambira mwakhama njoka yobiriwira - Umu ndi momwe olemba mbiri ya Vladimir Semyonovich amafotokozera izi. M'malo mwake, ayenera kuti amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa. Kupanda kutero, ndizovuta kwambiri kufotokoza chifukwa chomwe khothi, loyambitsidwa ndi Semyon Vysotsky, lidatenga mbali ya abambo ake ndikumupatsa kulera kwamnyamata yemwe anali atangomaliza kumene kalasi yoyamba. Zakhala zikuchitika ndipo zikadali zachilendo kuti makhothi apereke mwanayo kwa mayi.
3. M'zaka ziwiri zakusukulu, Vysotsky amakhala ndi abambo ake ndi mkazi wawo ku Germany. Volodya adaphunzira kuyankhula Chijeremani bwino, kusewera piyano ndikugwira zida - ku Germany wazaka zomwe amatha kupezeka pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.
4. Ku Moscow Art Theatre School, mabuku achi Russia adaphunzitsidwa ndi Andrey Sinyavsky, pambuyo pake kuweruzidwa ndikuthamangitsidwa mdziko muno.
5. Ndi ufulu wolankhula wapano, ndizovuta kuti omvera amakono amvetsetse chifukwa chomwe ambiri ku Soviet Union anali otsimikiza kuti Vysotsky anali mndende. Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1980, zigawenga za akuba, mawu omwe wojambulayo amagwiritsa ntchito nyimbo zake, amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu ochepa kwambiri omwe amachita zachiwawa. Nzika wamba sizimakumana ndi chilankhulochi, ndipo kuyang'aniridwa kunali tcheru. Pomwe Georgy Danelia adayesa kuyika mawu kuchokera pagulu lenileni la akuba mu kanema "Gentlemen of Fortune", "akuluakulu oyenerera" adamulimbikitsa kuti asachite izi.
6. Nyimbo zoyambirira za "mbala" Vysotsky adalemba m'malo mwa munthu wongopeka wotchedwa Sergei Kuleshov.
7. Kuphulika kwa kutchuka kwa Vysotsky kunachitika atatulutsa kanema "Vertical". "Rock Climber", "Pamwambamwamba" ndi "Tsalani ku Mapiri" zidabweretsa kutchuka kwa bard Union-Union.
8. Chimbale choyamba chokhala ndi liwu la Vysotsky chidasindikizidwa mu 1965, chinali cholowa mu magazini ya "Krugozor" ndi chidutswa chimodzi mwaziwonetsero. Ngakhale nyimbo za Vysotsky zidatulutsidwa mwachangu m'magulu osiyanasiyana, Vysotsky sanadikire kuti atulutse nyimbo yake payekha. Chosiyana ndi chimbale cha 1979 chomwe chidalembedwa kugulitsa kunja.
9. Kalelo mu 1965, Vysotsky akanatha kubingu m'ndende. Anapereka makonsati 16 "akumanzere" ku Novokuznetsk. Nyuzipepala "Soviet Culture" idalemba za izi. Pazinthu zosavomerezeka zakuyimba, woimbayo akadatha kupatsidwa nthawi, koma nkhaniyi inali yoti Vysotsky adabwezera ndalamazo kuboma. Zitatha izi, Vysotsky, monga wojambula pamtundu woyankhulidwa, adavomereza kuchuluka kwa zolipira ku konsatiyo - ma ruble 11.5 (kenako adakwera mpaka 19). Ndipo "Soviet Culture" inali imodzi mwamanyuzipepala awiri omwe amafotokoza mu 1980 zakumwalira kwa wojambulayo.
10. M'malo mwake, zolipiritsa za Vysotsky zinali zazikulu kwambiri. M'modzi mwa ogwira ntchito ku Izhevsk Philharmonic, yemwe adalandira zaka 8 atachita zachinyengo (zachinyengo - malinga ndi malamulo apamtunda, zachidziwikire) adati zolipiritsa za Vysotsky tsiku limodzi zinali ma ruble 1,500.
11. "Anali ku Paris" - nyimboyi siyonena za Marina Vladi, koma za Larisa Luzhina, yemwe Vysotsky adayamba chibwenzi naye pagawo la "Vertical". Luzhin wapitadi kumayiko ambiri, akuchita nawo mapulogalamu olowa nawo. Anakumana ndi Vladi Vysotsky mu 1967, ndipo adalemba nyimboyi mu 1966.
12. Kale mu 1968, pomwe ochita zisudzo adasamutsidwa kuti azipanga ndalama, Vysotsky amalandila ojambula ambiri omwe amawoneka kuti ali ndi luso. Makhalidwe a anthu akhala akuyamikiridwa kwambiri. Zachidziwikire, izi sizinapangitse chidwi pakati pa anzawo.
13. M'nyumba yawo yoyamba, yolendedwa, pa Matveyevskaya Street, Marina Vlady adabweretsa mipando kuchokera ku Paris. Zida zonse zimakwana mu sutikesi - mipando inali yothamanga.
14. Pamsonkhano wa atolankhani ku United States, poyankha funso lokhumudwitsa, Vysotsky adati ali ndi madandaulo motsutsana ndi boma, koma sakufuna kukambirana nawo ndi atolankhani aku America.
15. Zonena zakukhumba kwa wosewera aliyense kusewera Hamlet kwakhala kwachilendo kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo kwa Vysotsky udindo wa Hamlet inali nkhani ya moyo ndi imfa. Onse oyang'anira zisudzo komanso anzawo mu zisudzo anali kutsutsana ndi chisankho chake - malo omwe amachitirako samakonda kusiyanitsidwa chifukwa chokomera anzawo. Vysotsky anazindikira kuti kulephera kungamutayitse ntchito yake, koma sanabwerere m'mbuyo. "Hamlet" inalinso ntchito yomaliza ya Vysotsky.
16. Mu 1978, ku Germany, cholembera china chodontha chinagwera galimoto ya Vysotsky. Adayimbira mnzake, yemwe adasamukira ku Germany, ndikupempha kuti abwereke ma 2,500 kuti akonzere. Mnzakeyo analibe ndalama, koma adayitana abwenzi ake ndi anzawo ndipo adati madzulo Vysotsky adzaimba pamalo ake. Pakadutsa maola awiri, owonera okha adapeza mamaki 2,600.
17. Mu 1978 yomweyo, paulendo waku North Caucasus, mlembi woyamba wa komiti ya Stavropol ya CPSU, Mikhail Gorbachev, adapatsa Vysotsky kuti athandizire kugula chovala chachikopa cha ku Sweden.
18. Malinga ndi abale a Weiner, Vysotsky, atawerenga za Era of Mercy m'bukuli, pafupifupi pomaliza adawauza kuti alembe zosewerera. Pozindikira zomwe wojambulayo amafuna, adayamba kumuseka, akukambirana zakuchita zisudzo kwa Zheglov. Mwamwayi, Vladimir sanakhumudwe ndi izi.
19. Mu Meyi 1978, koyambirira kwenikweni kwa kujambula "Malo Amisonkhano ..." Vysotsky anakana kutenga nawo mbali mufilimuyi, momwe amathandizidwa ndi Marina Vlady. Wotsogolera filimuyo, a Stanislav Govorukhin, adaganiza kuti wochita seweroli azindikira kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe ikubwera (magawo asanu ndi awiri adajambulidwa) ndipo sanafune kugwira ntchito yayitali komanso yovuta. Govorukhin adakwanitsa kutsimikizira Vysotsky kuti apitirize kujambula.
20. Ndikugwira ntchito ku "Malo Ochitira Misonkhano ..." Vysotsky sanasiye kusewera mu bwalo lamasewera. Mobwerezabwereza amayenera kuvala zodzikongoletsera za Hamlet panjira yopita ku eyapoti ya Odessa, pomwe wochita sewerayo adapita ku Moscow kukachita zisudzo.
21. Khalidwe la Stanislav Sadalsky, lotchedwa Brick ndi malo onse omwe Gruzdev amafunsidwa ndi Sharapov ("Ngati sichoncho moyo, ndiye kuti sungani ulemu wanga") adapangidwa ndi Vysotsky - sanali m'malembawo.
22. Kamodzi wamkulu wa bwalo la zisudzo la Taganka, Yuri Lyubimov, adadwala kwambiri ndipo adagona yekha kunyumba. Vysotsky anabwera kudzamuyendera. Atazindikira kuti director wawo ali ndi malungo akulu, Vladimir nthawi yomweyo adalowa ku kazembe wa America ndikubweretsa maantibayotiki omwe sanali ku Soviet Union. Patapita masiku awiri, Lyubimov anachira.
23. Zolemba zambiri za Vysotsky zidasindikizidwa ku USSR ndi mayina osiyanasiyana kapena osanenedwa. Mabuku ovomerezeka anali ochepa: wolemba ndakatuloyo adakana mwamphamvu kusintha ndakatulo zake.
24. Wofufuzayo, yemwe adafunsa pambuyo pa imfa ya Vysotsky, akadali wotsimikiza kuti abwenzi a ndakatuloyi ndi omwe adamupha. Malinga ndi iye, Vysotsky anali osakwanira, anali womangidwa ndikumavala loggia. Zombo za Vysotsky zinali zopanda mphamvu, ndipo kumangako kunayambitsa kukha mwazi kwambiri, ndikupha. Komabe, awa ndi malingaliro a wofufuzayo - kuikidwa m'manda sikunachitike, ndipo aboma adamukakamiza kuti asayambitse mlandu.
26. Zochitika ndi zolemba za wolemba ndakatulo wakufa waku Russia zidasindikizidwa ndi manyuzipepala otsogola ku USA, Canada, Great Britain, France, Poland, Bulgaria, Germany ndi mayiko ena ambiri.
