Alexander Porfirevich Borodin (1833 - 1877) anali m'modzi mwa anthu ochepa amakono omwe adakwanitsa kuchita bwino kwambiri m'malo awiri otsutsana kwambiri. Akadakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka za m'ma 1960, akadakhumudwitsidwa ndi zokambirana za akatswiri andale. Mwachidziwikire, sakanamvetsetsa mutu womwewo. Osachepera moyo wake, momwe munali malo azinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakuyimba komanso zotulukapo zapamwamba zasayansi, sizikusonyeza mwanjira iliyonse kukhalapo kwa kutsutsana kosagwirizana pakati pa asayansi ndi malingaliro opanga.
1. Alexander Borodin anali mwana wapathengo wa kalonga waku Georgia komanso mwana wamkazi wankhondo. Kalonga sanathe kuzindikira mnyamatayo ngati mwana wake, koma adatenga gawo lalikulu, ndipo asanamwalire adakwatirana ndi mayi wa wolemba nyimbo mtsogolo, adapatsa Sasha ufulu (amangoyenera kumulemba ngati serf pobadwa), ndi kuwagulira nyumba.
2. Avdotya Konstantinovna, amayi a mnyamatayo, adamukonda. Njira yopita kumalo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi idatsekedwa kwa Alexander, koma aphunzitsi abwino kwambiri adachita maphunziro apanyumba. Ndipo itafika nthawi yoti aphunzire, mayiyo adapereka ziphuphu, ndipo akuluakulu a Treasure Chamber adalemba Alexander Borodin ngati wamalonda. Izi zidamupatsa mwayi wopita mayeso ku bwalo lochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikulembetsa ku Medical-Surgical Academy ngati womvera womasuka.
3. Maluso a Alexander adadziwonetsera mwachangu kwambiri: ali ndi zaka 9 adalemba kale nyimbo zovuta, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi adachita chidwi ndi chemistry. Kuphatikiza apo, adalemba ndikujambula bwino.
4. Atamaliza maphunziro awo ku sukuluyi, Borodin anali atatanganidwa kwambiri ndi umagwirira, kukumbukira nyimbo pokhapokha akachezera malo owonetsera. Chidwi chake pa nyimbo chinabwerera kwa omudziwa ndi Ekaterina Protopopova. Woyimba piano wokongola adadwala kwambiri ndipo adayenera kukalandira chithandizo ku Europe. Borodin adatsagana ndi Catherine paulendo wake wopita ku Italy, popeza sukulu yasekondale yakomweko idadzutsa chidwi chake paukadaulo. Achichepere mwachilengedwe adakhala pachibwenzi ndipo adachita chibwenzi.
5. Mkazi Borodin adadwala mphumu yoopsa. Ngakhale kutsatira kwathunthu boma, nthawi zina anali kuzunzidwa koopsa, pomwe amuna awo anali ngati dokotala komanso namwino.
6. Borodin adadziona ngati katswiri wamagetsi moyo wake wonse, ndipo amaimba nyimbo ngati chizolowezi chake. Koma ku Russia sayansi si njira yabwino yopezera chuma. Chifukwa chake, monga wophunzira ku Medical-Surgical Academy, Borodin adaunikiridwa ndi kuphunzitsa m'mayunivesite ena ndikumasulira.
7. Anzakewo sanasangalale ndi nyimbo za Alexander Porfirievich. Wasayansi wotchuka Nikolai Nikolaevich Zinin, yemwe adatsegula njira yopita ku chemistry yayikulu ya Borodin, amakhulupirira kuti nyimbo zimasokoneza wasayansiyo pantchito yayikulu. Komanso, malingaliro a Zinin pa nyimbo sanasinthe ngakhale atapambana koyamba kwa Borodin's First Symphony.
NN Zinin
8. Padziko lapansi Borodin amadziwika kuti ndi wolemba, ngakhale ali ndi sayansi 40 komanso zomwe amachitcha pambuyo pake, akatswiri okha ndi omwe amadziwa zamaphunziro ake a chemistry.
9. Borodin analemba zolembedwazo ndi pensulo, ndipo kuti zisakhale zazitali, amasindikiza pepalalo ndi mazira oyera kapena gelatin.
10. Borodin anali membala wa "Wamphamvu Kwambiri" - olemba asanu odziwika omwe amafuna kutanthauzira lingaliro ladziko la Russia kukhala nyimbo.
11. Alexander Porfirevich adalemba ma symphony awiri ndi ma quartet awiri. Ntchito zonsezi zinali pakati pa oyamba ku Russia pamitundu yawo.
12. Wolemba analemba ntchito yayikulu kwambiri - opera "Prince Igor" kwazaka pafupifupi makumi awiri, koma sanamalize ntchito yake. Ntchitoyi inamalizidwa ndikukonzedwa ndi A. Glazunov ndi N. Rimsky-Korsakov. Opera idachitika koyamba mu 1890 - zaka zitatu atamwalira Borodin - ndipo idachita bwino kwambiri.
Kupanga kwamakono kwa opera "Prince Igor"
13. Wasayansi komanso wolemba nyimbo amadziwikanso ndi ntchito zantchito. Anagwira ntchito mwakhama ku Women's Medical Courses ku Military Medical Academy, ndipo adatsutsa kuwachotsa kwawo. Chifukwa chotsegulira chinali choseketsa: asitikali adaganiza kuti maphunziro azimayi sanali mbiri yawo (ngakhale omaliza maphunziro 25 adatenga nawo gawo pankhondo yaku Russia ndi Turkey) Unduna Wankhondo udalonjeza kusunga ndalama. Petersburg City Duma adaganiza kuti pakufunika ma ruble okwana 15,000 kuti apitilize maphunziro m'malo mwa 8,200 olonjezedwa ndi asitikali. Adalengeza kulembetsa, zomwe zidapeza ma ruble 200,000. Maphunzirowa, monga mungaganizire kukula kwa kuchuluka kwake, alamulidwa kuti akhale ndi moyo wautali.
14. Alexander Porfirevich Borodin anali munthu wopanda malingaliro kwambiri. Pali nkhani zambiri pankhaniyi, ndipo zambiri zimawoneka ngati zokokomeza. Koma zowona kuti nthawi zonse amasokoneza zipinda zamaphunziro komanso sabata komanso kumapeto kwa sabata ndizowona. Komabe, kusakhalapo koteroko kumatha kukhala ndi tanthauzo lokhazikika: kupatula kuphunzira za chemistry ndi nyimbo, nthawi zambiri amayenera kukhala maso usiku, kusamalira mkazi wake wodwala.
15. 15 February 1887 Borodin pa nthawi ya Maslenitsa adasonkhanitsa abwenzi ambiri mnyumba yake yantchito. Nthawi yachisangalalo, Alexander Porfirevich adagwira pachifuwa ndikugwa. Ngakhale kupezeka kwa madokotala odziwika nthawi imodzi, sikunali kotheka kumupulumutsa. Komabe, madokotala amakwanitsa kupulumutsa aliyense osati zotsatira za matenda amtima.
