Dzina la Alexander the Great lakhala dzina lanyumba munthawi ya zokambirana zaluso lankhondo. Wolamulira waku Makedoniya, yemwe patadutsa zaka zingapo adakwanitsa kugonjetsa pafupifupi theka la dziko lodziwika panthawiyo, amadziwika kuti ndi mtsogoleri wankhondo wamkulu kwambiri m'mbiri yonse ya anthu. Pochita nkhanza, Alexander mokongola adagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za gulu lake lankhondo, makamaka oyenda pansi, ndipo sanayese kuloleza magulu ankhondo kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wawo. Makamaka, ku India, anthu aku Makedoniya adalimbana bwino ndi njovu zomwe sizinkawonekapo pankhondo. Pokhala ndi zombo zochepa zofooka, adagonjetsa mphamvu zam'madzi, ndikuwalanda madoko awo oyambira.
Kupambana kwa Alexander pomanga boma, komano, ndikokayikitsa kwambiri. Adagonjetsa mayiko, adakhazikitsa mizinda ndipo adafuna kukonza dziko lonse lapansi malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha Agiriki, koma dziko lalikulu lomwe adakhazikitsa lidakhala losakhazikika ndipo lidagwa atangomwalira mfumuyo. Komabe, akatswiri olemba mbiri amawona zomwe Alexander adathandizira pakufalitsa chikhalidwe cha Agiriki kukhala zofunika kwambiri.
1. Wogonjetsa dziko lapansi mtsogolo anabadwa patsikuli 356 BC. BC, Herostratus atayatsa moto kachisi wa Artemi. Akatswiri akale a PR amatanthauzira mwangozi izi: mulungu wamkazi, chifukwa cha zovuta zobereka, sakanakhoza kupulumutsa kachisi womangidwa pomupatsa ulemu.
2. Malinga ndi nthano komanso mibadwo yomwe khothi lidalemba, Alesandro amadziwika kuti anali mtsinje wa milungu yachi Greek. Nthawi zonse ankadziwitsidwa za izi kuyambira ali mwana. Zowona kuti Agiriki eni ake amalingalira kuti Makedoniya ndi dziko lachilendo, sizinayankhule ndi mfumu yamtsogolo.
3. Alexander wachichepere anali wansanje kwambiri ndi kupambana kwa abambo ake kunkhondo. Amawopa kuti Philip Wachiwiri agonjetse dziko lonse osasiya chilichonse kwa wolowa m'malo.
4. Ali wamng'ono, Alexander adakwanitsa kulamulira asitikali, kupondereza kuwukira kwa mafuko omwe agonjetsedwa. Bambo, kupita kunkhondo yotsatira, ndi mtima wowala adamusiya ngati regent.
5. Philip IV adamwalira bwino nthawi yopuma kwa mwana wake wamwamuna. Abambo Alexander adaphedwa ndi omulondera ake panthawi yomwe ubale wa Philip ndi mwana wake wamwamuna unali woyipa kwambiri, ndipo mfumuyo idaganiziranso za wolowa m'malo wina.
6. Tsar Alexander adalengezedwa ndi asitikali, popeza malamulo am'masiku amenewo amatha kumasuliridwa momasuka. Tsar yatsopano idachotsa mwachangu otsutsa onse pomupachika pamtanda, kumenyedwa kwa lupanga ndipo, monga olemba mbiri mwachidule, "akukakamira kudzipha." M'mavuto awa, amayi a Alexander, Olympias, anali wothandizira wokhulupirika wa Alexander.
7. Atayamba kulamulira, Alesandro anathetsa misonkho yonse. Ngongole zachuma panthawiyo zinali pafupifupi matalente 500 (pafupifupi matani 13 a siliva).
8. Kuphatikiza pakufunika kupambana zofunkha pankhondo, Alexander adayendetsedwa ndi chikhumbo chokhazikitsa zigawo zatsopano, zomwe zimayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yonse yotsutsa komanso omwe amatsutsana ndi mfundo zake.
9. Gulu lankhondo la Alesandro linagonjetsa madera ambiri kuchokera ku Egypt kupita ku India ndi Central Asia mzaka khumi.
10 Modabwitsa, kukula kwa mphamvu ya mdani kunathandiza Alexander Wamkulu kugonjetsa ufumu wamphamvu wa Perisiya: pambuyo pakupambana koyamba kwa Amakedoniya, masatar - olamulira madera ena a Persia - adakonda kudzipereka kwa Alesandro popanda kumenya nkhondo.
11. Zokambirana zinathandizanso kuti Alexander apambane pankhondo. Nthawi zambiri amasiya adani awo ngati olamulira, amawasiya katundu. Sizinathandizenso kuti magulu ankhondo otsutsana azichita bwino.
12. Nthawi yomweyo, mfumu ya ku Makedoniya inali yopanda chifundo kwambiri kwa amnzake, omwe amawaganizira kuti amamuchitira chiwembu. Anapha mwankhanza ngakhale anthu apafupi.
13. Mosiyana ndi malamulo onse a utsogoleri wankhondo, Alexander nthawi zonse adathamangira kunkhondo. Izi zidamupweteka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ku 325 ku India, adavulala kwambiri ndi muvi pachifuwa.
14. Cholinga chachikulu cha kupambana kwa Alesandro chinali Ganges - malinga ndi malingaliro achi Greek akale, dziko lokhalamo anthu lidathera pomwepo. Mtsogoleriyo adalephera kumufikira chifukwa chakutopa kwa gulu lake lankhondo komanso kung'ung'udza komwe kudayambira.
15. Mu 324, ukwati waukulu udakonzedwa, wopangidwa kuti ulimbikitse boma la Alexander kudzera m'maukwati a nzika zake ndi Aperisi. Alexander anakwatira oimira awiri apamwamba komanso adakwatirana ndi mabanja ena 10,000.
16. Pamapeto pake, Alesandro adapondereza mfumu ya Perisiya Dariyo. Dziko lomwe adasonkhanitsa linali lalikulu kwambiri. Atamwalira wolamulira, idagwa pafupifupi ndi liwiro la mphezi.
17. Zomwe zimayambitsa imfa ya Alesandro sizikudziwika. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe osiyanasiyana, amatha kufa ndi poizoni, malungo, kapena matenda ena opatsirana. Mtsogoleri wankhondo wakale wakale adawotchedwa mpaka kumwalira ndi matenda m'masiku 10 mu Juni 323 BC. e. Anali ndi zaka 32 zokha.
18. Kuphatikiza pa Alexandria wodziwika ku Egypt, Alexander adakhazikitsa mizinda yambiri yomwe ili ndi dzina lomweli. Olemba mbiri ena akale amawerengera Alexandria opitilira atatu.
19. Pali zotsutsana zokhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kwa Alexander. Malinga ndi m'modzi wa iwo, mtsogoleri wankhondo wamkulu sangakhale wachilendo pachikhalidwe cha Agiriki. Olemba ena akuti adakwiya pomwe adapatsidwa mwayi wopatsa anyamata kuti azisangalala pabedi.
20. Alesandro anali wotsata kwambiri malingaliro ake achipembedzo. Kulemekeza zikhulupiriro za anthu omwe adagonjetsedwa, potero adathandizira kuti nkhondo ipambane. Kumapeto kwa moyo wake adayamba kudziwonetsera yekha, zomwe sizidakondweretse asitikali ake komanso achinsinsi.
