Okonda zachilengedwe komanso kukongola kwachilengedwe alibe kukaikira komwe kumadera ena a Africa kuli mapiri a Drakensberg; kwenikweni onse apaulendo amalota kukayendera malowa. Mapiri ambiri m'dongosolo lino amaphatikizidwa ndi paki ya Drakensberg ya dzina lomweli, loyenera kutetezedwa ndi UNESCO.
Malo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe m'derali ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa chapadera komanso mawonekedwe awo okongola. Kuyendera mapiri a Drakensberg kumafunikira ndalama zina ndi dongosolo, koma kusankha malowa ngati gawo laulendo kapena tchuthi chokwanira kumatsimikizira zokumana nazo zabwino komanso zosaiwalika.
Makhalidwe ndi malo, zomera ndi zinyama
Mapiri ndi mapiri a Drakensberg Mountains ali kumwera chakumwera kwa Africa, omwe amakhala madera a Swaziland, South Africa komanso ufumu wa Lesotho. Ndi kutalika kwadongosolo la 1169 km ndi mulifupi wa 732 km, malo ake onse ndi 402 zikwi2.
Dera lalikulu lamapiri a Drakensberg limakhala ndi malo okwera monolithic okhala ndi kutalika kwa 2,000 m, okhala ndi mapiri ataliatali ndi mapiri mbali ina ya mapiri ndi mapiri mbali ina, yolunjika kunyanja. Mapiri ozungulirawa ali ndi mchere wambiri, kuphatikiza malasha, malata, manganese ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Thandizo, nyengo ndi mawonekedwe a mapiri a Drakensberg amadziwika mosiyanasiyana. Gawo lokwera kwambiri m'dera lamapiri la Basuto limawoneka lopanda moyo komanso louma, chifukwa, kuphatikiza nyengo yamakontinenti, kugwa konse komanso kuchepa kwamvula kumatsika. Malo okwera kwambiri a Drakensberg ndi Phiri la Thabana-Ntlenyana (3482 m), ku Lesotho, lili ndi phiri lofooka kwambiri ndipo silimaonekera kunja pakati pa nsonga zoyandikana ndi udzu, miyala yamiyala ndi tchire tating'ono. Koma ili pamtunda wa makilomita 4 okha kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mphepoyi ndipo ikuwoneka modabwitsa m'mayendedwe amlengalenga kapena pansi kuchokera mbali imeneyo. Komanso, ndege ya dongosololi imadutsa masitepe opangidwa ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka.
Malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa mapiri a Drakensberg ali ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana:
- Kumadera omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa 1200 m - nkhalango zotentha komanso zobiriwira nthawi zonse zokhala ndi singano, liana ndi ma epiphyte;
- kuchokera 1200 mpaka 2000 m - nkhalango zowakometsera, ma xerophytes ndi tchire laminga;
- zoposa 2000 m - mapiri (mapiri tundra), osakanikirana ndi malo amiyala.
Ngakhale kuli dzuwa komanso kuyandikira kwa Indian Ocean, mapiri a Drakenberg amakhala ndi chipale chofewa m'nyengo yozizira, zomwe zimasiyanitsa nyengo ndi phazi. Chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa sichikhala kwa nthawi yayitali, koma nyengo yakumapiri panthawiyi siyabwino. Mpweya wokwanira 80% umagwera pakati pa Okutobala ndi Marichi, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi nyengo yokula kwa mbewu.
Kudera la Lesotho ndi madera akumalire panthawiyi, mvula yamabingu nthawi zambiri, koma yamphamvu, ikugwa, kusinthana ndi nyengo ya chifunga. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti malire ake amasungidwa bwino - 3 km kuchokera pamalowa, osasunthira kwina. Mu nyengo yopuma, madera ena amavutika ndi chilala, ena amakhala ndi mphepo yamphamvu pafupipafupi. Mofanana ndi zomera zina zonse mu Africa, zomera za m'phirili zasinthiratu kuti zisinthe mwadzidzidzi kunja.
Zinyama zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwamapiri ndipo ndizolemera kwambiri. Chingwe cha mapiri chimalepheretsa kusamuka kwa nyama, amphibiya ndi mbalame. Kulumpha antelope, eland, redunka amapezeka pafupifupi m'malo onse otsetsereka. Ena, monga nyumbu zoyera, ali pansi pa chitetezo chapadera cha UNESCO ndi boma, chifukwa chake, amakhala m'malo otetezedwa.
M'madera otetezedwa m'chigawo cha KwaZulu-Natal, kuchuluka kwa njovu, zipembere zoyera ndi zakuda, artiodactyls ndi zolusa zimathandizidwa: nyalugwe, kambuku, galu wa fisi. Madera ena achitetezo amatha kuchezeredwa ngati gawo la maulendo ophunzirira (osati safari). Pano pali paradaiso woyang'anira mbalame, chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya mbalame (mbalame zamphongo, ndevu, ndevu zachikasu), zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha, zimangokhala pano.
Zokopa zachilengedwe zabwino kwambiri ku Drakensberg
Zithunzi za malo a mapiri a Drakensberg ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi madera aku Africa ndi madera owuma, maphompho okhala ndi nsonga zazitali mpaka mlengalenga zomwe zimadutsana ndi masitepe olimba a basalt ndi mapiri ozungulira. Zimakhala zovuta kusankha malo oti mupite; ngati kuli kotheka, pakiyo iyenera kuwonedwa kuchokera mlengalenga kapena mbali zosiyanasiyana. Malingaliro abwino kwambiri akuwonedwa:
Madera ambiri okongola komanso osangalatsa ali m'chigawo cha KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, maola 4 kuchokera ku Johannesburg kapena 3 kuchokera ku Durban. Ngati palibe kuthekera kochezerako ngati gawo limodzi lamagulu opita maulendo, mutha kupita kukakhala nokha ndi galimoto yobwereka. Kuyenda m'misewu yamapiri ataliatali popanda jeep komanso zokumana nazo moyenera ndizosatheka. Njira yotetezeka kwambiri yowonera kukongola kwachilengedwe kumtunda ndi kukwera mapiri.
Njira zina zimafuna chilolezo kuchokera kwa oyang'anira maboma, ndipo malo apadera apatsidwa kuti azipumulira komanso kugona usiku wonse. Usiku wonse mumakhala mapiri ataliatali amaloledwa, koma osavomerezeka chifukwa choopsa pakusintha kwanyengo. Okonda zachilengedwe komanso kukwera mapiri akuyenera kukumbukira kufunikira kopeza visa yaku Lesotho (njira zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe zimachitika mdera lamalire). Chilolezo chofananira, ngati kuli kofunikira, chimaperekedwa kudera la South Africa, koma zimatenga nthawi ndi ndalama. Lingaliro loti visa imodzi kupita ku South Africa ndiyokwanira kulowa m'derali silolondola.
Zosangalatsa zina
Mapaki a Drakensberg National Park amakhala kunyumba zazing'ono zambiri, mahotela ndi malo okhala msasa omwe amakhala mokomera anthu osiyanasiyana. Amakopanso alendo ndi zosangalatsa zina, monga:
- Ulendo woyendetsedwa ndi akatswiri m'misewu yodziwika ya Drakensberg.
- Kukwera pamahatchi.
- Kusodza nsomba zam'madzi ndi nsomba zina m'mitsinje yambiri yam'mapiri ndi nyanja zake. Kuphatikiza pa kusodza kwakale, alendo amaphunzitsanso kusodza ndi nyemba. Chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwakukulu kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba, ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kuthana ndi ntchitoyi.
- Maulendo oyendera malo ndi helikopita. Zithunzi zambiri zosazolowereka zimatsimikizika nyengo iliyonse, nsonga zomwe zimawoneka mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kwa mvula zimakopa alendo komanso malingaliro omveka bwino a mapiri ndi zipilala zazitali.
- Sewerani gofu paminda ya emerald pamapiri.
Tikukulangizani kuti muyang'ane pa Phiri la Elbrus.
M'nkhalango ya Giant's Castle muli mapanga osangalatsa kwambiri otseguka kuti azitha kuyendera omwe ajambulidwa ndi miyala. Chiwerengero chonse cha zojambula zakale m'mapanga ozungulira ndizoyambira 40 zikwi. Nyimbozi ndizodabwitsa mosiyanasiyana komanso chitetezo. Alendo akuyenera kuzindikira kuti mawonekedwe akusaka, kuvina ndi kumenya nkhondo amafalikira kudera lonselo, zojambula zina zimapezeka m'malo otseguka, pang'ono otetezedwa ndi miyala. Kufikira achikulire kwambiri akhoza kukhala ochepa; njira yotsimikizika yowachezera ndikulowa nawo gulu laulendo.
