Ndipo ngakhale kuli zimphona zotchuka kwambiri, phiri la Cotopaxi limadziwika kuti ndiye lokwera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Amakopeka osati ndi machitidwe ake osayembekezereka, komanso ndi kukongola kwachilendo kwa msonga wonyezimira kuchokera ku ayezi. Izi ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa cha komwe stratovolcano ili, monga chipale chofewa kumadera otentha a ku Ecuador ndichinthu chosowa kwambiri.
Geographic data of Cotopaxi volcano
Mwa mtundu, Cotopaxi ndi ya stratovolcanoes, monga mnzake ku Southeast Asia, Krakatau. Mtundu wamiyala wamtunduwu umakhala wosanjikiza wopangidwa ndi phulusa, chiphalaphala cholimba ndi tephra. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe, amafanana ndi kondomu wokhazikika; chifukwa cha mapangidwe awo opindika, nthawi zambiri amasintha kutalika kwawo ndi dera lawo mukaphulika mwamphamvu.
Cotopaxi ndiye nsonga yayitali kwambiri yamapiri a Cordillera Real: imakwera pamwamba pamadzi pa 5897 m. Ku Ecuador, dziko lomwe phiri laphalaphalali likupezeka, ndiye phiri lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri, koma ndi amene amadziwika kuti ndi malo odziwika kwambiri komanso chuma chamaboma. Dera lachigwacho ndi pafupifupi 0.45 sq. Km, ndipo kuya kwake kumafika mamita 450. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa malo omwe ali, muyenera kuyang'ana pamalo okwera kwambiri. Kutalika kwake ndi kutalika kwake mu madigiri ndi 0 ° 41 '3 ″ S. lat., 78 ° 26 '14 ″ W etc.
Chimphona chinakhala pakatikati pa paki yamtundu womwewo; apa mutha kupeza zomera ndi zinyama zapadera. Koma mawonekedwe ake akulu amadziwika kuti ndi nsonga zokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, zomwe sizachilendo kumadera otentha. Cotopaxi Peak ili ndi ayezi wokulirapo womwe umatulutsa kunyezimira kochokera padzuwa ndikunyezimira ngati mwala wamtengo wapatali. Anthu aku Ecuador amanyadira kutchuka kwawo, ngakhale kuti zochitika zomvetsa chisoni zambiri zimakhudzana ndi izi.
Kuphulika kwa stratovolcano
Kwa iwo omwe sanadziwebe kuti phiri la Cotopaxi likugwirabe ntchito kapena latha, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ndilophulika, koma pakadali pano lili mu tulo. Ndizovuta kwambiri kulosera nthawi yeniyeni yakudzuka kwake, popeza pomwe idakhalako idawonetsa mawonekedwe ake "ophulika" ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chake, kudzutsidwa kunachitika mu 2015. Pa Ogasiti 15, utsi wokwanira makilomita asanu, wophatikizidwa ndi phulusa, udawulukira kumwamba. Panali kuphulika kasanu kotere, pambuyo pake phirilo lidakhazikikanso. Koma izi sizikutanthauza konse kuti kudzutsidwa kwake sikungakhale chiyambi cha kuphulika kwamphamvu kwa chiphalaphala miyezi kapena zaka pambuyo pake.
Kwa zaka 300 zapitazi, phirili laphulika pafupifupi maulendo 50. Mpaka kutulutsa kwaposachedwa, Cotopaxi sanawonetse zizindikiritso zofunikira kwazaka zopitilira 140. Kuphulika koyamba kumatengedwa ngati kuphulika komwe kunachitika mu 1534. Chochitika chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri akuti chikuchitika mu Epulo 1768. Kenako, kuwonjezera pa sulfure ndi chiphalaphala, chivomezi champhamvu chidachitika mdera la kuphulika kwa chimphona chija, chomwe chidawononga mzinda wonse ndi midzi yoyandikana nayo.
Zosangalatsa za Cotopaxi
Popeza nthawi zambiri kuphulika sikuwonetsa zisonyezero za malo, ndi malo okopa alendo ambiri. Kuyenda m'njira zopalidwa, mutha kugundana ndi llamas ndi nswala, onani mbalame zotumphukira zikuyenda kapena kusilira zolakwika za Andes.
Phiri lophulika la Cotopaxi limasangalatsa kwambiri okwera mapiri olimba mtima omwe amalota zogonjetsa nsonga ya phirili. Kukwera koyamba kunachitika pa Novembala 28, 1872, a Wilhelm Rice adachita izi modabwitsa.
Tikukulangizani kuti muwerenge za kuphulika kwa Krakatoa.
Masiku ano, aliyense ndipo, koposa zonse, okwera mapiri atha kuchita zomwezo. Kukwera pachimake kumayambira usiku, kuti kukacha mutha kubwerera kale poyambira. Izi ndichifukwa choti msonkhanowu umakutidwa ndi ayezi wambiri, womwe umayamba kusungunuka masana, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kukwera.
Komabe, ngakhale kuyenda wamba pansi pa Cotopaxi kumabweretsa zokopa zambiri, chifukwa mu gawo ili la Ecuador mutha kusangalala ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino. Nzosadabwitsa, malinga ndi mtundu wina, dzinalo silimasuliridwa kuti "phiri losuta", koma ngati "phiri lowala".
