Leonid Osipovich Utesov (dzina lenileni Lazaro (Leyser) Iosifovich Weisbein; mtundu. 1895) - Wosewera waku Russia ndi Soviet komanso wojambula zisudzo, woimba pop, wowerenga, wotsogolera, mtsogoleri wa orchestra, wosangalatsa. People's Artist of the USSR (1965), yemwe adakhala woyamba kujambula pop kuti adalandire mutuwu.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Utesov, zomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Leonid Utesov.
Wambiri Utesov
Leonid Utesov adabadwa pa Marichi 10 (22), 1895 ku Odessa. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja la wochita bizinesi yaying'ono (malinga ndi magwero ena, wothandizira kutumiza doko) Osip Kelmanovich ndi mkazi wake Malka Moiseevna. Wojambula wamtsogolo adabadwa ndi mlongo wamapasa dzina lake Perlya.
Leonid (Lazar) anali ndi abale ndi alongo 8, anayi mwa iwo sanakhalebe moyo kuti awone ambiri. Ali ndi zaka 9, makolo ake adatumiza mwana wawo wamwamuna ku sukulu yamalonda ya GF Faig.
Malinga ndi wosewera, adathamangitsidwa kusukulu chifukwa chotsutsana ndi aphunzitsi azaumulungu. Mphunzitsi atalankhula ndi Utyosov, adadetsa zovala zake ndi choko ndi inki. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyi mu mbiri yake, adayamba kuphunzira kuyimba vayolini.
Carier kuyamba
Atafika zaka 15, mnyamatayo adayamba ntchito yake yojambula pamwamba kwambiri, pomwe adasewera gitala, adasandulika kukhala woseketsa komanso adachita zoseweretsa. Ndipamene adatenga dzina labodza "Leonid Utesov", pomwe adadziwika padziko lonse lapansi.
Munthuyo anafuna dzina lachinsinsi pempho la oyang'anira. Kenako adaganiza zopanga dzina lake, lomwe palibe amene anali atamvapo kale. Mu 1912 adaloledwa kulowa mgulu la Kremenchug Theatre of Miniature, ndipo chaka chotsatira adalowa mgulu la Odessa la K. G. Rozanov.
Pambuyo pake, Utyosov adachita magawo angapo a zisudzo zazing'ono mpaka atamulembera usilikari. Atabwerera kunyumba, adatenga malo oyamba mu mpikisano wa angapo ku Gomel.
Podziona kuti ali ndi chidaliro pamaluso ake, Leonid adapita ku Moscow, komwe adatha kuyimba gulu la oimba ochepa ndikuimba nawo m'munda wa Hermitage. Chakumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni, adayendera mizinda yosiyanasiyana, akusewera makanema muma zisudzo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri ena amafotokoza, woyang'anira Leonid Utesov anali bwana wamkulu wazolakwa - Mishka Yaponchik. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti m'buku lake lina la mbiri yake, wojambulayo adalankhula momveka bwino za Yaponchik.
Masewero ndi mafilimu
Pa siteji ya zisudzo, Utyosov anayamba kuchita ali wamng'ono. Pa moyo wake, adasewera maudindo pafupifupi 20, ndikusintha kukhala otchulidwa osiyanasiyana. Nthawi yomweyo maudindo mu opereta anali osavuta kwa iye.
Leonid adawonekera pazenera lalikulu mu 1917, akusewera loya Zarudny mufilimuyi The Life and Death of Lieutenant Schmidt. Pambuyo pazaka 5, owonera adamuwona ngati Petliura mujambula Trading House "Antanta ndi Co".
Kutchuka kwenikweni kunabwera kwa iye mu 1934, atatha kuchita nawo sewero lanyimbo "Merry Guys", momwe Lyubov Orlova adachitiranso nyenyezi.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti miyezi ingapo filimuyo isanayambike, chifukwa cha ndakatulo ndi zandale, olemba ake - Nikolai Erdman ndi Vladimir Mass adatumizidwa, chifukwa chake mayina awo adachotsedwa mu mbiriyo.
Pa Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), Leonid Utyosov nthawi zambiri amayenda ndi gulu lake loimba m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana kuti akweze mtima wankhondo wa asitikali aku Soviet. Mu 1942 nyimbo ya "Concert to the Front" idatchuka kwambiri, momwe adayimbira nyimbo zambiri. Kenako adapatsidwa dzina la "Artised Artist of RSFSR".
Mu 1954, Utyosov adasewera seweroli "Ukwati Wasiliva". Mwa njira, mwamunayo adachita chidwi ndi zisudzo kuposa kanema. Pachifukwa ichi, makanema ambiri omwe amatenga nawo gawo ndizolemba.
Mu 1981, chifukwa cha mavuto amtima, Leonid Osipovich adaganiza zosiya bwalolo. Chaka chomwecho, kanema womaliza wa kanema, Kuzungulira Kuseka, adawomberedwa ndi momwe wojambulayo adathandizira.
Nyimbo
Anthu ambiri amakumbukira Leonid Utyosov choyambirira ngati woimba pop, wokhoza kuimba nyimbo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira jazi mpaka zachikondi. Mu 1928 anali ndi mwayi wokwanira kukaona Paris ku konsati ya jazz.
Utyosov adachita chidwi ndi magwiridwe anthawiyo atafika ku Leningrad adakhazikitsa yake "Tea-Jazz". Pasanapite nthawi, adawonetsa pulogalamu ya jazz yochokera ku ntchito za Isaac Dunaevsky.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti omvera amatha kuwona pafupifupi oimba onse a gulu la oimba la Leonid Osipovich mu "Merry Fellows". Munali mu tepi iyi momwe nyimbo yotchuka "Mtima" idachitidwa ndi waluso, yomwe ngakhale lero imamveka nthawi ndi nthawi pawailesi ndi TV.
Mu 1937 Utyosov adapereka pulogalamu yatsopano, Songs of My Motherland, yopatsa mwana wake wamkazi Edith kuti azichita ngati woyimba pagulu lake. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, adakhala woyimba woyamba waku Soviet kuchita kanema. M'zaka za nkhondo, iye, pamodzi ndi gulu, anachita nyimbo okonda dziko lawo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 50, Edith adaganiza zosiya bwalolo, ndipo patatha zaka 10, Leonid Utesov adatsata chitsanzo chake. Kwa zaka zambiri za mbiri yake yolenga, adasewera nyimbo mazana, ndikukhala mu 1965 People's Artist of the USSR.
Odziwika kwambiri anali nyimbo monga "Kuchokera ku Odessa kichman", "Bublikki", "Gop ndi kutseka", "Ku Nyanja Yakuda", "windows windows", "Odessa Mishka" ndi ena ambiri. Zithunzi za nyimbo zomwe amusankha zimaphatikizapo ma Albamu opitilira khumi.
Moyo waumwini
Mkazi woyamba wa Utesov anali Ammayi Elena Iosifovna Goldina (yemwenso amadziwika ndi dzina loti Elena Lenskaya), yemwe adalembetsa naye ubale mu 1914. Mgwirizanowu, mwana wamkazi Edith adabadwa.
Awiriwo adakhala limodzi zaka 48, mpaka kumwalira kwa Elena Iosifovna mu 1962. Pofika nthawi imeneyo mu mbiri yake, Leonid anali atagwirizana kwambiri ndi wovina Antonina Revels kwa nthawi yayitali, yemwe mu 1982 adakhala mkazi wake wachiwiri.
Zinachitika kuti Utesov adapulumuka mwana wake wamkazi Edith, yemwe adamwalira mu 1982. Choyambitsa cha mkaziyu chinali khansa ya m'magazi. Malinga ndi ena, Leonid Osipovich anali ndi ana apathengo kuchokera kwa akazi osiyanasiyana, koma palibe zowona zotsimikizira izi.
Imfa
Leonid Utesov adamwalira pa Marichi 9, 1982 ali ndi zaka 86, atapulumuka mwana wake wamkazi mwezi umodzi ndi theka. Pambuyo pake, adasiya mabuku 5 autobiographical, momwe amafotokozera nthawi zosiyanasiyana za moyo wake komanso luso lake.
Zithunzi za Utesov
