Pavel Petrovich Kadochnikov (1915-1988) - Soviet zisudzo ndi filimu wosewera, wotsogolera filimu, screenwriter ndi mphunzitsi. Mphotho ya 3 Stalin Prizes and People's Artist of the USSR.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu yonena za Pavel Kadochnikov, amene tikambirana m'nkhani ino.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Kadochnikov.
Wambiri Pavel Kadochnikov
Pavel Kadochnikov anabadwa pa July 16 (29), 1915 ku Petrograd. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja losavuta lomwe silikugwirizana ndi kanema. Pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni, iye ndi makolo ake adasamukira kumudzi wa Ural ku Bikbard, komwe adakhala ali mwana.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Kumudzi, Pavel adapita kusukulu yakomweko. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ankakonda kujambula. Amayi ake, omwe anali ophunzira ophunzira komanso anzeru, adamuphunzitsa kukonda kujambula.
Mu 1927, banja Kadochnikov anabwerera kwawo. Ndi nthawi, kwawo kwawo anadzatchedwa Leningrad. Apa Pavel adaloledwa ku studio ya ana.
Munthawi imeneyi ya mbiri yake, Kadochnikov adalakalaka kukhala wojambula, koma maloto ake sanakwaniritsidwe. Chifukwa chodwala kwambiri kwa abambo ake, omwe samatha kusamalira banja lawo. Zotsatira zake, Pavel adasiya ntchito ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito yothandizira osoka mafakitale.
Ngakhale anali atagwira ntchito molimbika, mnyamatayo adapitiliza kuyendera situdiyo yojambula. Apa ndi mu 1929 pomwe adadziwana ndi bwaloli. Anadziwika ndi mmodzi mwa atsogoleri a bwalo lamasewera, yemwe anali kufunafuna wochita masewera ake.
Kadochnikov adachita bwino kwambiri pasiteji kotero kuti nthawi yomweyo adaloledwa ku studio, pomwe posakhalitsa adatenga gawo loyamba pakupanga.
Masewero
Ali ndi zaka 15, Pavel anakhala wophunzira pa sukulu ya zisudzo ku Leningrad Youth Theatre. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti adalembetsa ku sukulu yaukadaulo, yopanda nthawi yoti apite kusekondale. Pasanapite nthawi, sukuluyi inapatsidwa udindo wa sukuluyi.
Pakadali pano, mbiri ya Kadochnikov idawonekera motsutsana ndi mbiri ya ophunzira anzawo. Amatsatira mafashoni, amavala tayi ndi thukuta, ndipo adayimba nyimbo za Neapolitan, zomwe zidakopa atsikana ambiri.
Atakhala waluso wovomerezeka, Pavel adayamba kugwira ntchito ku Youth Theatre yakomweko. Pambuyo pake, adakhala m'modzi mwa ochita masewerawa mumzindawu, chifukwa cha zomwe adakhulupirika kuti azisewera ndi anthu ena.
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti pomwe Kadochnikov anali ndi zaka 20, anali akuphunzitsa kale maluso kusukulu ya zisudzo. Anagwira ntchito yophunzitsa pafupifupi zaka zitatu.
Makanema
Pavel Kadochnikov adawonekera koyamba pazenera lalikulu mu 1935, akusewera Mikhas mu kanema "Kubwera kwa M'badwo". Pambuyo pake, adapeza gawo lalikulu m'mafilimu okonda dziko lako "Kugonjetsedwa kwa Yudenich" ndi "Yakov Sverdlov". Mwa njira, mu ntchito yomaliza, nthawi yomweyo anabadwanso m'zinthu ziwiri - mnyamata wam'mudzi Lyonka ndi wolemba Maxim Gorky.
Pamapeto pa Nkhondo Yaikulu Yokonda Dziko Lako (1941-1945) Kadochnikov adasewera mu epic ya mbiri yakale yosintha "Chitetezo cha Tsaritsyn". Adanenanso za chitetezo choyamba cha Tsaritsyn (mu 1918) ndi asitikali a Red Army motsogozedwa ndi Joseph Stalin ndi Kliment Voroshilov.
Mu zaka zapambuyo pa nkhondo, Pavel Kadochnikov anapitiriza kupatsidwa udindo wa anthu otchulidwa. Chotchuka kwambiri chinali sewero lankhondo "The Exploit of the Intelligencer", momwe adasinthidwa kukhala Major Fedotov. Chifukwa cha ntchitoyi, adapatsidwa mphoto yake yoyamba ya Stalin.
Chaka chotsatira, Kadochnikov adalandila Mphotho yachiwiri ya Stalin chifukwa chokhala Alexei Meresiev mu kanema wa The Story of a Real Man. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nthawi yojambulayo, wosewera nthawi zonse anali kuvala ma prostheses kuti awonetse mawonekedwe ake momwe angathere.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti weniweni Alexei Meresiev anasangalala ndi kulimba mtima kwa Pavel Kadochnikov, powona kuti anali ngati ngwazi weniweni.
Mu 1950, mwamunayo adawonedwa mu kanema "Kutali ndi Moscow", komwe adalandila Mphotho ya Stalin kachitatu. Popeza Kadochnikov nthawi zonse ankasewera anthu opanda mantha, adagwidwa ndi fano limodzi, chifukwa chake adakhala wosakondweretsanso omvera.
Zinthu zasintha patadutsa zaka 4, pamene Pavel Petrovich adasewera mu nthabwala "Tiger Tamer", zomwe zidamupangitsa kukhala ndi mbiri yatsopano. Panali mphekesera kuti panali ubale pakati pa iye ndi "tamer" Lyudmila Kasatkina, ndikuti wosewera uja adafuna kusiya banja chifukwa cha iye. Komabe, Lyudmila anakhalabe wokhulupirika kwa mwamuna wake.
M'zaka makumi angapo zotsatira, Kadochnikov adapitilizabe kuwonekera m'makanema, komanso adakhala membala wa Chipani cha Komyunizimu cha Soviet Union (1967). Cha m'ma 60s, adaganiza zoyamba kuwongolera, akufuna kuchita bwino pamundawu.
Kutsogolera
Kusiya kuwongolera kunalumikizidwa ndi chifukwa china. Cha m'ma 60s, Pavel Kadochnikov anayamba kulandira malingaliro ochepa ndi ochepa kuchokera kwa owongolera makanema. Mu 1976, atapuma kanthawi kochepa, Nikita Mikhalkov adamuyitanira kuti akachite nawo gawo mu "Chidutswa Chosatha cha Piano Wamakina".
Panthawi yopumula, Kadochnikov adajambula zithunzi, amakonda kukongoletsa, komanso adalemba zolembalemba. Ndi pomwe adayamba kulingalira za ntchito ya director.
Mu 1965, kuyamba kwa tepi yoyamba ya ojambula, Oimba a Gulu Lina, kudachitika. Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, adapereka nthano ya kanema "Snow Maiden", momwe adasewera Tsar Berendey. Mu 1984 adatsogoza melodrama I Will Never Forget You.
Mu 1987, Kadochnikov adapereka ntchito yake yomaliza - kanema wodziwika bwino "Silver Strings", yomwe imafotokoza nkhani ya yemwe adayambitsa gulu loimba loyamba ku Russia, Vasily Andreev.
Moyo waumwini
Mkazi woyamba wa Pavel anali mnzake wam'kalasi kusukulu yaukadaulo Tatyana Nikitina, yemwe pambuyo pake adzakhale woyang'anira zisudzo. Muukwatiwu, banjali linali ndi mwana wamwamuna, Constantine. M'tsogolomu, Konstantin adzatsata mapazi a abambo ake.
Pambuyo pake, Kadochnikov anakwatiwa ndi wojambula Rosalia Kotovich. Pambuyo pake adakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna, Peter, yemwenso adakhala waluso. Moyo unakula kotero kuti Pavel Petrovich anaposa ana onse awiri.
Mu 1981, Peter adamwalira momvetsa chisoni atagwa pamtengo, ndipo patatha zaka 3, Konstantin adamwalira ndi vuto la mtima. Ngati mukukhulupirira mdzukulu wa waluso, ndiye kuti agogowo analinso ndi mwana wapathengo, a Victor, yemwe akukhala ku Europe lero.
Imfa
Imfa ya ana awiriwa idakhudza kwambiri wosewera. Chifukwa cha kanema, adakwanitsa kutaya mtima. Pavel Kadochnikov anamwalira pa Meyi 2, 1988 ali ndi zaka 72. Chifukwa cha imfa chinali kulephera kwa mtima.
Chithunzi ndi Pavel Kadochnikov
