David Bowie (dzina lenileni David Robert Jones; 1947-2016) ndi woimba nyimbo waku rock waku Britain komanso wolemba nyimbo, wopanga, wojambula, wolemba nyimbo komanso wochita zisudzo. Kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, anali wokangalika popanga nyimbo ndipo nthawi zambiri amasintha chithunzi, chifukwa chake adalandira dzina loti "chameleon of rock music".
Anakhudza oimba ambiri, amadziwika kuti anali waluso komanso kutanthauzira kwakukulu kwa ntchito yake.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya David Bowie, yomwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, nayi mbiri yayifupi ya David Robert Jones.
Mbiri ya David Bowie
David Robert Jones (Bowie) adabadwa pa Januware 8, 1947 ku Brixton, London. Iye anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja lomwe silikugwirizana ndi bizinesi yowonetsera.
Abambo ake, Hayward Stanton John Jones, anali wogwira ntchito zachifundo, ndipo Amayi ake, Margaret Mary Pegy, adagwira ntchito yothandizira ndalama m'malo owonetsera makanema.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Ali mwana, David adapita kusukulu yokonzekera, komwe adadzitsimikizira kuti anali mwana waluso komanso wolimbikitsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo anali mwana wopanda chilango komanso wamanyazi.
Bowie atayamba sukulu ya pulaimale, adayamba kukonda masewera ndi nyimbo. Anasewera timu ya mpira pasukulu kwa zaka zingapo, adayimba kwayala ya sukulu ndipo adadziwa chitoliro.
Posakhalitsa, David adalembetsa nawo situdiyo yoyimba ndi choreography, pomwe adawonetsa luso lake lapadera la kulenga. Aphunzitsiwo adati matanthauzidwe ake ndi mayendedwe ake anali "odabwitsa" kwa mwanayo.
Munthawi imeneyi, Bowie adayamba chidwi ndi rock and roll, zomwe zimangowonjezereka. Anasangalatsidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito ya Elvis Presley, ndichifukwa chake adapeza zolemba zambiri za "King of Rock and Roll". Kuphatikiza apo, mnyamatayo adayamba kuphunzira kuimba piyano ndi ukulele - gitala ya zingwe zinayi.
M'zaka zotsatira za mbiri yake, David Bowie adapitiliza kudziwa zida zatsopano, pambuyo pake adakhala woyimba zida zambiri. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti pambuyo pake adasewera momasuka harpsichord, synthesizer, saxophone, ng'oma, vibraphone, koto, ndi zina zambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mnyamatayo anali wamanzere, pomwe anali ndi gitala ngati wonyamula dzanja lamanja. Kukonda kwake nyimbo kudasokoneza maphunziro ake, ndichifukwa chake adalephera mayeso ake omaliza ndikupitiliza maphunziro ake ku koleji yaukadaulo.
Ali ndi zaka 15, nkhani yosasangalatsa idachitikira David. Pakulimbana ndi mnzake, adavulala kwambiri diso lakumanzere. Izi zidapangitsa kuti mnyamatayo akhale miyezi inayi yotsatira mchipatala, komwe adachitidwa maopareshoni angapo.
Madokotala sanathe kubwezeretsanso masomphenya a Bowie. Mpaka kumapeto kwa masiku ake, adawona zonse ndi diso lowonongeka mu bulauni.
Nyimbo ndi zaluso
David Bowie adakhazikitsa gulu lake loyamba la rock, The Kon-rads, ali ndi zaka 15. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti adaphatikizaponso George Underwood, yemwe adavulala diso.
Komabe, posawona chidwi cha omwe anali nawo pagulu, mnyamatayo adaganiza zomusiya, ndikukhala membala wa The King Bees. Kenako adalembera kalata mamilionea John Bloom, akumupempha kuti akhale wopanga wake ndikupezanso $ 1 miliyoni.
Oligarch sanachite chidwi ndi zomwe mwamunayo ananena, koma adapereka kalatayo kwa a Leslie Conn, m'modzi mwa omwe amafalitsa nyimbo za Beatles. Leslie amakhulupirira Bowie ndipo adasaina mgwirizano wothandizana naye.
Apa ndipomwe woimbayo adatenga dzina labodza "Bowie" kuti apewe chisokonezo ndi wojambula Davey Johnson wa "The Monkees". Pokhala wokonda luso la Mick Jagger, adaphunzira kuti "jagger" amatanthauzira kuti "mpeni", chifukwa chake David adatenga dzina lofananira (Bowie ndi mtundu wa mipeni yosaka).
Nyenyezi ya rock David Bowie adabadwa pa Januware 14, 1966, pomwe adayamba kusewera ndi The Lower Third. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti koyambirira nyimbo zake zidalandiridwa bwino kwambiri ndi anthu. Pachifukwa ichi, Conn adaganiza zothetsa mgwirizano wake ndi woyimbayo.
Pambuyo pake, David adasintha timu yopitilira imodzi, ndikumasulanso solo solo. Komabe, ntchito yake idadziwikabe. Izi zidapangitsa kuti kwakanthawi adaganiza zosiya nyimbo, atatengeka ndi zisudzo.
Kutchuka koyamba kwa Bowie kudabwera mu 1969 ndikutulutsa nyimbo yake yotchedwa "Space Oddity". Pambuyo pake, disc yofanana idatulutsidwa, yomwe idatchuka kwambiri.
Chaka chotsatira kudatulutsidwa chimbale chachitatu cha David "The Man Who Sold the World", pomwe nyimbo "zolemetsa" zidapambana. Akatswiri amatcha disc iyi "chiyambi cha nthawi ya miyala ya glam." Posakhalitsa wojambulayo adakhazikitsa gulu "Hype", akuchita pansi pa dzina lachinyengo la Ziggy Stardust.
Chaka chilichonse Bowie adakopa chidwi cha anthu ambiri, chifukwa chake adatha kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Kupambana kwake kudadza mu 1975, atalemba nyimbo yatsopano "Achichepere Achimereka", yomwe inali ndi nyimbo yotchuka ya "Fame". Nthawi yomweyo, adachita kawiri ku Russia.
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, David adawonetsanso chimbale china "Zowopsa Zowopsa", zomwe zidamupangitsa kutchuka kwambiri, komanso kupambana kwakukulu pamalonda. Pambuyo pake, adagwira bwino ntchito limodzi ndi gulu lazachipembedzo la Mfumukazi, yemwe adalemba nawo nyimbo yotchuka ya Under Pressure.
Mu 1983, mnyamatayo amalemba disc yatsopano "Tiyeni Tiyambe", yomwe yagulitsa mamiliyoni a makope - makope 14 miliyoni!
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, David Bowie anayesera mwakhama anthu otchulidwa pa siteji ndi nyimbo. Zotsatira zake, adayamba kutchedwa "chameleon of rock music." Pazaka khumi izi adatulutsa ma Albamu angapo, omwe "1.Outside" anali otchuka kwambiri.
Mu 1997, Bowie adalandira nyenyezi yodziwika pa Hollywood Walk of Fame. M'zaka chikwi chatsopano, adatulutsa ma disc ena 4, omaliza mwa iwo anali "Blackstar". Malinga ndi magazini ya Rolling Stone, Blackstar idatchulidwa mwaluso kwambiri ndi David Bowie kuyambira ma 70s.
Kwa zaka zambiri za mbiri yake yolenga, woimbayo adasindikiza zida zambiri zomvera ndi makanema:
- ma studio a studio - 27;
- ma Albamu amoyo - 9;
- zopereka - 49;
- osakwatiwa - 121;
- makanema - 59.
Mu 2002, Bowie adatchulidwa pakati pa 100 Great Britons ndipo adatchedwa woyimba wotchuka kwambiri nthawi zonse. Atamwalira, mu 2017 adapatsidwa mphotho ya BRIT Awards m'gulu la "Best British Performer".
Makanema
Rock star adachita bwino osati munyimbo zokha, komanso mu kanema. Mu kanema, adasewera makamaka oimba osiyanasiyana opanduka.
Mu 1976, Bowie adapatsidwa mphotho ya Saturn Award for Best Actor chifukwa cha gawo lake mufilimu yopeka ya The Man Who Fell to Earth. Pambuyo pake, owonera adamuwona mufilimu ya ana "Labyrinth" komanso sewero "Gigolo Wokongola, gigolo wosauka".
Mu 1988, David adatenga udindo wa Pontius Pilato mu The Last Temptation of Christ. Kenako adasewera wothandizila wa FBI mu sewero laupandu Twin Peaks: Fire Through. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, wojambulayo adasewera kumadzulo kwa "My Wild West".
M'zaka zotsatira za mbiri yake, Bowie adatenga nawo gawo pakujambula "Ponte" ndi "Model Male". Ntchito yake yomaliza inali kanema "Prestige", pomwe adasandulika Nikola Tesla.
Moyo waumwini
Atadziwika kwambiri, David adavomereza pagulu kuti amakonda amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Pambuyo pake adatsutsa mawu awa, ndikuwatcha cholakwika chachikulu m'moyo.
Mwamunayo adaonjezeranso kuti kugonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sikungamusangalatse. M'malo mwake, zidachitika chifukwa cha "mafashoni" a nthawiyo. Iye anali wokwatiwa kawiri konse.
Nthawi yoyamba David adachita chibwenzi ndi a Angela Barnett, omwe adakhala nawo zaka pafupifupi 10. Mgwirizanowu, banjali linali ndi mwana wamwamuna, Duncan Zoey Heywood Jones.
Mu 1992, Bowie adakwatirana ndi Iman Abdulmajid. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Iman adatenga nawo gawo pakujambula kanema wa Michael Jackson "Kumbukirani Nthawi". Muukwati uwu, banjali linali ndi mtsikana wotchedwa Alexandria Zahra.
Mu 2004, woimbayo adachitidwa opaleshoni yayikulu yamtima. Anayamba kuwonekera pa siteji kawirikawiri, chifukwa njira yokonzanso pambuyo pa opaleshoni inali yaitali.
Imfa
David Bowie adamwalira pa Januware 10, 2016 ali ndi zaka 69 atatha zaka 1.5 akulimbana ndi khansa ya chiwindi. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti munthawi yochepa iyi adadwala matenda amtima 6! Anayamba kudwala ali mwana, pomwe adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Malinga ndi wiloyo, banja lake lidalandira ndalama zoposa $ 870 miliyoni, osawerengera nyumba zakumayiko osiyanasiyana. Thupi la Bowie lidatenthedwa ndipo phulusa lake lidakwiriridwa m'malo obisika ku Bali, popeza sanafune kupembedza mwala wake wamanda.
Chithunzi ndi David Bowie
