Yakuza - mawonekedwe achikhalidwe ku Japan, gulu lomwe lili ndi udindo waukulu mdziko lachigawenga.
Mamembala a Yakuza amadziwikanso kuti gokudo. M'manyuzipepala apadziko lonse lapansi, yakuza kapena magulu ake pawokha nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "mafia aku Japan" kapena "borekudan".
Yakuza imayang'ana kwambiri pamakhalidwe abanja lakale, mfundo zakumvera mabwana mopanda malire komanso kutsatira malamulo angapo (mafia code), kuphwanya komwe kuli chilango chokhwima.
Gululi limakhudza moyo wachuma komanso ndale mdzikolo, pokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso apadera.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za 30 za yakuza
Yakuza ilibe madera omwe ali ndi gawo lotsogola ndipo safuna kubisalira anthu oyang'anira ake kapena utsogoleri wawo. Zotsatira zake, magulu ambiri otere amakhala ndi zizindikilo zovomerezeka ndi likulu lolembetsedwa.
Malinga ndi zomwe sizinachitike, lero ku Japan kuli mamembala pafupifupi 110,000 a yakuza, ogwirizana m'magulu (mabanja) 2,500. Munkhaniyi, tiwona zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri za zigawenga zovuta komanso zosangalatsa.
Kukumana koyipa
Yakuza imagwiritsa ntchito malo akumwa, omwe amatchedwa Makamu Othandizira / Othandizira, komwe makasitomala amakhala ndi mwayi wocheza ndi wochereza kapena wochereza komanso kumwa nawo. Eni ake amakumana ndi alendo obwera ku kalabu, kuwapangitsa kukhala pamatebulo ndikupereka menyu.
Ndipo ngakhale ntchito yotereyi ikuwoneka ngati yopanda vuto lililonse, kwenikweni zonse zimawoneka mosiyana. Atsikana achi Japan nthawi zina amayendera makalabuwa kuti azimva ngati achikulire. Mwini mwiniyo amawalimbikitsa kuti azilamula zakumwa zokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo ndalama zikatha, atsikanawo amakakamizidwa kuti azilipira ngongole zawo pochita uhule.
Koma choyipitsanso kwambiri ndi chakuti, yakuza ili ndi dongosolo lomwe atsikana oterewa amakhala akapolo mpaka muyaya.
Kutenga nawo mbali pandale
A Yakuza ndi othandizira ndi othandizira a Liberal Democratic Party of Japan, omwe akhalapo kuyambira pakati pa zaka zapitazi. Pazisankho za 2012, LDP idakhazikitsa ulamuliro pa boma lomwe lilipo, ndikupeza mipando pafupifupi 400 muzipinda zapansi komanso zapamwamba.
Magazi Yakuza Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni
Imodzi mwa nkhondo zazikulu kwambiri za Yakuza m'mbiri idachitika mu 1985. Atamwalira kholo lakale-bambo wa Yamaguchi-khumi Kazuo Taoka, adasinthidwa ndi Kenichi Yamamoto, yemwe anali m'ndende panthawiyo. Chosangalatsa apolisi, adamwalira ali m'ndende. Apolisi adasankha mtsogoleri watsopano, koma bambo wina dzina lake Hiroshi Yamamoto adatsutsa mwamphamvu izi.
Mwamunayo adakonza gulu lachiwawa la Itiva-kai ndikuwombera mtsogoleri wosankhidwa, zomwe zidayambitsa nkhondo. Pamapeto pa nkhondoyi, yomwe idapitilira zaka 4 zotsatira, anthu pafupifupi 40 anali atamwalira. Mkangano wamagazi pakati pa yakuza ndi atsogoleri ankhondo opandukawo unayang'aniridwa ndi Japan yonse. Zotsatira zake, opandukawo adavomereza kuti agonja ndikupempha kuti awachitire chifundo.
Olowa m'malo a Samurai
Yakuza ali ndi kufanana kofananako ndi gulu la samurai. Machitidwe ake otsogola amakhazikitsidwanso pakumvera kopanda ulemu ndi ulemu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo, mamembala a gululi, monga samurai, amachita zachiwawa.
Mdulidwe
Monga mwalamulo, yakuza amawalanga powadula chidutswa chala chawo chaching'ono, chomwe chimaperekedwa kwa abwana ngati chowiringula pakulakwitsa.
Maganizo osiyanasiyana
M'makina atolankhani, yakuza amatchedwa "borekudan", omwe amatanthauzira ngati - "gulu lachiwawa." Mamembala a gululi amawona kuti dzinali ndilonyansa. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti iwonso amakonda kudzitcha okha "Ninkyō dantai" - "bungwe la magulu ankhondo."
Gawo la anthu
Omwe akutenga nawo gawo ku Yakuza amadziwika kuti ndi nzika zaku Japan zonse zomwe zimakhoma misonkho ndipo ali ndi ufulu wothandizidwa ndi anthu ena, ngati penshoni, ndi zina zambiri. Apolisi amakhulupirira kuti ngati ntchito za yakuza ziletsedwa kotheratu, ndiye kuti izi zidzawakakamiza kuti azichita mobisa kenako zikhala ngozi yayikulu pagulu.
Chiyambi cha dzina
A Yakuza anatenga dzina lawo kuchokera kwa anthu a ku Bakuto, omwe anali otchova juga oyendayenda. Iwo anakhalako kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18 mpaka pakati pa zaka za zana la 20.
Ntchito ku USA
Masiku ano yakuza yakulitsa zochita zawo ku America. Mamembala a Sumiyoshi-kai Syndicate amagwira ntchito ndi magulu azigawenga akuba, zogonana, zachuma komanso milandu ina. Boma la US lakhazikitsa malamulo kwa mabwana 4 a Yakuza, mamembala a gulu lalikulu kwambiri m'bomalo, Yamaguchi-khumi.
Chiyambi chaupandu
Amakhulupirira kuti yakuza idayambira mkati mwa nyengo ya Edo (1603-1868) kuchokera m'magulu awiri osiyana - Tekiya (ogulitsa) ndi Bakuto (osewera). Popita nthawi, magulu awa adayamba kukwera masitepe apamwamba, ndikukwera kwambiri.
Kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapazi
Mamembala a Yakuza amadziwika ndi ma tattoo omwe amaphimba thupi lawo lonse. Zojambulajambula zimaimira chuma, komanso zimaonetsa kulimba mtima kwa amuna, popeza njira yolembera ma tattoo ndiyopweteka ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali komanso kuyesetsa.
Piramidi
Dongosolo la yakuza lodziwika bwino limapangidwa ngati piramidi. Wolemekezeka (kumicho) ali pamwamba pake, ndipo m'munsimu, ali pansi pake.
Ubale wapakati pa mwana wamwamuna ndi bambo
Mabanja onse a yakuza amalumikizidwa ndi ubale wa oyabun-kobun - maudindo ofanana ndi ubale wa wophunzitsa ndi wophunzira, kapena bambo ndi mwana. Yemwe ali mgululi atha kukhala kobun kapena oyabun, kukhala bwana kwa omwe ali pansi pake, ndikumvera omwe ali pamwambamwamba.
Dzanja lothandiza
Ngakhale kuti yakuza imadziwika kuti ndi gulu lachigawenga, mamembala ake nthawi zambiri amathandizira anzawo. Mwachitsanzo, pakachitika tsunami kapena chivomerezi, amapereka thandizo kwa osauka monga chakudya, magalimoto, mankhwala, ndi zina zambiri. Akatswiri akunena kuti mwanjira imeneyi, yakuza imangodzitamandira, m'malo momvera chisoni anthu wamba.
Opha a Yakuza?
Ngakhale kuti ambiri amalankhula za yakuza ngati akupha, izi sizowona. M'malo mwake, amayesetsa kupewa kupha, posankha njira zina "zachikhalidwe", kuphatikiza kudula chala.
Kugonana ndi kuzembetsa
Masiku ano, kuzembetsa anthu ku Japan kuyang'aniridwa modabwitsa ndi yakuza. Bizinesiyi idakopeka kwambiri kudzera m'makampani opanga zolaula komanso zokopa zogonana.
Gawani ndi 3
Bungwe la Yakuza lagawidwa m'magulu atatu. Chachikulu kwambiri mwa awa ndi Yamaguchi-gumi (mamembala 55,000). Chosangalatsa ndichakuti bungweli ndi amodzi mwamabungwe olemera kwambiri padziko lapansi, okhala ndi madola mabiliyoni ambiri.
Kusalidwa
Akazi a mamembala a yakuza amavala mphini wofanana pamatupi awo ndi amuna awo. Mwanjira imeneyi, amawonetsa kukhulupirika kwawo kwa okwatirana komanso gululi.
Ndi ulemu
Imfa yachiwawa kwa mamembala a yakuza siyowopsa. M'malo mwake, imaperekedwa ngati chinthu cholemekezeka komanso choyenera ulemu. Apanso, pankhaniyi, ali ofanana ndi malingaliro a samurai.
Chithunzi chabwino
Mu 2012, Yamaguchi-khumi adagawa nkhani kuti mamembala ake alimbikitse. Linalongosola kuti achinyamata ayenera kulemekeza miyambo ndi kutenga nawo mbali m'mabungwe othandizira. Komabe, akatswiri amawona izi ngati mtundu wa kampeni ya PR.
Ndichitireni ine
Mwambo wa Sakazuki ndikusinthana makapu pakati pa oyabun (bambo) ndi kobun (mwana). Mwambowu umawonedwa kuti ndiwofunikira kwambiri pakati pa yakuza, kuyimira kulimbitsa ubale pakati pa mamembala ake ndi bungweli.
Dziko lamwamuna
Pali azimayi ochepa kwambiri pamayendedwe a yakuza. Nthawi zambiri amakhala okwatirana ndi abwana.
Kupanikizana
Kuti munthu alowe mu yakuza, ayenera kuti amakhoza bwino mayeso a masamba 12. Kuyesaku kumalola oyang'anira kuti awonetsetse kuti wolemba ntchitoyo akudziwa bwino lamuloli kuti asadzapezeke pamavuto ndikukhazikitsa malamulo.
Kusokonekera kwamakampani
Yakuza amayamba kuchita ziphuphu zazikulu kapena zoyipa (sokaya), akufuna kukhala m'modzi mwa omwe akugawana nawo kampaniyo. Amapeza umboni woneneza kwa maudindo akuluakulu ndikuwopseza kuti adzaulula izi ngati sawapatsa ndalama kapena mtengo wolamulira.
Kutseguka
A Yakuza samafuna kubisa likulu lawo ndipo amakhala ndi zikwangwani zoyenera. Chifukwa cha izi, mabwana atha kuwonjezera bizinesi yopanga misonkho kuboma lazachuma.
Bweretsani
Sokaya adatchuka kwambiri kotero kuti mu 1982 ngongole zidaperekedwa ku Japan kuti zipewe. Komabe, izi sizinasinthe vutoli. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi yakuza ndiyo kukonzekera misonkhano ya omwe akugawana nawo tsiku lomwelo. Popeza kuti yakuza sikungakhale paliponse paliponse, izi zidapangitsa kuti muchepetse kwambiri zochitika.
Kuwonjezera chala
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mu zojambula za ana za Bob Womanga, protagonist ali ndi zala 4, pomwe ku Japan munthu yemweyo ali ndi zala zisanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa boma la Japan silinkafuna kuti anawo aganize kuti Bob anali mu yakuza.
Msika wakuda
Ku Japan, ma tattoo amachititsa chidwi kwambiri pakati pa anthu, chifukwa amagwirizana ndi yakuza. Pachifukwa ichi, pali owerengeka ochepa mdzikolo, chifukwa palibe amene akufuna kuyanjanitsa ena ndi yakuza.
Lupanga la Samurai
Katana ndi lupanga lachikhalidwe cha samamura. Chodabwitsa, chida ichi chimagwiritsidwabe ntchito ngati chida chakupha. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1994, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa Fujifilm a Juntaro Suzuki adaphedwa ndi katana chifukwa chokana kulipira yakuza.
Amayi achi Japan
Kazuo Taoka, wotchedwa "Godfather of the Godfathers", anali mtsogoleri wachitatu wa bungwe lalikulu kwambiri la Yakuza munthawi ya 1946-1981. Anakulira mwana wamasiye ndipo pomalizira pake anayamba kumenya nkhondo m'misewu ku Kobe, motsogozedwa ndi omwe adzakhale bwana wake, Noboru Yamaguchi. Khola lake losayina, zala pamaso pa wotsutsana naye, zidamupatsa dzina loti Taoka "Chimbalangondo".
Mu 1978, Kazuo adawomberedwa (kumbuyo kwa khosi) ndi gulu lotsutsana naye mu kalabu yausiku, koma adapulumuka. Patatha milungu ingapo, omwe amamuzunza anapezeka atafa m'nkhalango pafupi ndi Kobe.
