Srinivasa Ramanujan Iyengor (1887-1920) - Indian masamu, membala wa Royal Society ku London. Popanda maphunziro apadera a masamu, adafika pamiyeso yayikulu kwambiri pamalingaliro azambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito yake ndi a Godfrey Hardy pama asymptotic a kuchuluka kwa magawo p (n).
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Ramanujan yomwe itchulidwe m'nkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, musanakhale mbiri yayifupi ya Srinavasa Ramanujan.
Mbiri ya Ramanujan
Srinivasa Ramanujan adabadwa pa Disembala 22, 1887 mumzinda waku Herodu ku India. Anakulira ndikuleredwa m'banja la Tamil.
Abambo a katswiri wamasamu wamtsogolo, Kuppuswami Srinivas Iyengar, adagwira ntchito yowerengera ndalama m'sitolo yocheperako. Amayi, Komalatammal, anali mayi wapabanja.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Ramanujan adaleredwa m'makhalidwe okhwima a brahmana caste. Amayi ake anali mkazi wopembedza kwambiri. Anawerenga zolemba zopatulika ndikuimba pakachisi wakomweko.
Mnyamatayo atakwanitsa zaka 2, adadwala nthomba. Komabe, adakwanitsa kuchira matenda owopsa ndikupulumuka.
Munthawi yamasukulu ake, Ramanujan adawonetsa masamu. Podziwa, adadulidwa kuposa anzawo onse.
Pasanapite nthawi Srinivasa analandira kuchokera kwa wophunzira mnzake ntchito zingapo pa trigonometry, zomwe zinamusangalatsa kwambiri.
Zotsatira zake, ali ndi zaka 14, Ramanujan adapeza chilinganizo cha Euler cha sine ndi cosine, koma atadziwa kuti chatulutsidwa kale, adakwiya kwambiri.
Patadutsa zaka ziwiri, mnyamatayo adayamba kafukufuku wamagulu awiri a Collection of Elementary Results mu Pure and Applied Mathematics lolembedwa ndi George Shubridge Carr.
Ntchitoyi inali ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro opitilira 6000, omwe analibe umboni kapena ndemanga.
Ramanujan, popanda thandizo la aphunzitsi ndi akatswiri a masamu, adayamba kudziyimira pawokha pazokambirana. Chifukwa cha ichi, adapanga njira yapadera yoganizira ndi njira yoyambirira yotsimikizira.
Srinivasa atamaliza maphunziro ake kusukulu yasekondale mu 1904, adalandira mphotho ya masamu kuchokera kwa wamkulu wa sukuluyo, Krishnaswami Iyer. Wotsogolera adamuyambitsa ngati wophunzira waluso komanso wopambana.
Nthawi imeneyo, mbiri ya Ramanujan inali ndi abwana pamaso pa abwana ake a Sir Francis Spring, omwe amagwira nawo ntchito S. Narayan Iyer komanso mlembi wamtsogolo wa Indian Mathematical Society R. Ramachandra Rao.
Zochita zasayansi
Mu 1913, pulofesa wina wotchuka ku Cambridge University dzina lake Godfrey Hardy adalandira kalata kuchokera ku Ramanujan, pomwe adati alibe maphunziro ena kupatula sekondale.
Mnyamatayo adalemba kuti akuchita masamu payekha. Kalatayo inali ndi mfundo zingapo zochokera kwa Ramanujan. Anapempha pulofesayo kuti awafalitse ngati akuwoneka osangalatsa.
Ramanujan adalongosola kuti nayenso sangathe kufalitsa ntchito yake chifukwa cha umphawi.
Hardy posakhalitsa adazindikira kuti anali atanyamula chida chapadera mmanja mwake. Zotsatira zake, kulemberana makalata kunayamba pakati pa pulofesa ndi kalaliki waku India.
Pambuyo pake, Godfrey Hardy adapeza pafupifupi mafomu 120 osadziwika ndi asayansi. Mwamunayo adayitanitsa Ramanujan wazaka 27 ku Cambridge kuti adzagwirizane.
Atafika ku UK, katswiri wa masamu adasankhidwa ku English Academy of Science. Pambuyo pake, adakhala pulofesa ku Yunivesite ya Cambridge.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti Ramanujan anali Mmwenye woyamba kulandira ulemu wotere.
Panthawiyo, mbiri ya Srinivas Ramanujan idasindikiza ntchito zatsopano m'modzi ndi m'modzi, zomwe zinali ndi njira zatsopano ndi maumboni. Anzake adakhumudwitsidwa ndi luso komanso luso la wachinyamata wamasamu.
Kuyambira ali mwana, wasayansiyo adawona ndikufufuza mozama manambala ena. Mwanjira yodabwitsa, adatha kuwona zinthu zambiri.
Poyankha, Hardy adati mawu awa: "Nambala iliyonse yachilengedwe anali mnzake wa Ramanujan."
M'nthawi ya waluso masamu adamuwona ngati chinthu chachilendo, atabadwa zaka 100. Komabe, luso lapadera la Ramanujan limadabwitsa asayansi a nthawi yathu ino.
Gawo la sayansi ya Ramanujan linali losayerekezeka. Ankakonda mizere yopanda malire, malo amatsenga, mizere yopanda malire, yozungulira bwalo, manambala osalala, zigawo zenizeni, ndi zinthu zina zambiri.
Srinivasa adapeza mayankho angapo amalingaliro a Euler ndipo adapanga pafupifupi ma 120.
Lero Ramanujan amadziwika kuti ndiwodziwa bwino kwambiri zazigawo zopitilira muyeso ya masamu. Zolemba zake zambiri ndi makanema owonera adazijambula pokumbukira.
Imfa
Srinivasa Ramanujan adamwalira pa Epulo 26, 1920 mdera la purezidenti wa Madras atangofika ku India ali ndi zaka 32.
Olemba mbiri ya katswiri wa masamu sanabvomerezane chifukwa chomwe waphedwera.
Malinga ndi ena, a Ramanujan akadamwalira ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB.
Mu 1994, mtundu udawonekera malinga ndi momwe angakhalire ndi amoebiasis, matenda opatsirana komanso opatsirana omwe amadziwika ndi matenda obwereza omwe amapezeka mobwerezabwereza.
Ramanujan Zithunzi
