Kwa zaka makumi atatu zapitazi, zomwe, mosadabwitsa, zidagwirizana ndikufalikira kwa intaneti yothamanga kwambiri, mamiliyoni a makope adaswa m'mikangano yokhudza Chiyukireniya. Ena amafuna kuti anthu onse aku Ukraine azilankhula chilankhulo chakale, chomwe chidazunzidwa kwambiri mu Ufumu wa Russia ndi Soviet Union. Ena amakhulupirira kuti Chiyukireniya ndi chilankhulo kapena sichipezeka konse, ndipo okonda dziko lawo akuyesera kutulutsa chilankhulo cha Chirasha ngati chilankhulo. Wina amalankhula za nyimbo zodziwika bwino za Chiyukireniya, ndipo wina amatsutsa zotsutsanazi ndi zitsanzo zochokera m'mawu a owonetsa TV aku Ukraine ("avtivka", "chmaroocos", "parasolka").
Chowonadi sichiri paliponse pakati. Zokambirana zamafilosofi zakula kale kukhala zandale, ndipo mwa izo, palibe amene angapeze chowonadi chowonekera. Ndizowonekeratu kuti pali chilankhulo (adverb, ngati mukufuna) cholankhulidwa ndi anthu mamiliyoni angapo. Pali galamala yolembedwa bwino, pali madikishonale, mapulogalamu ophunzitsira kusukulu, ndi zikhalidwe zamanenedwe zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi. Mbali inayi, kukhalapo ndi chitukuko cha chilankhulo chimodzi, komanso osakhala bwino malinga ndi sayansi kapena ukadaulo, sizingakhale chifukwa chopondereza zilankhulo zina ndi omwe amalankhula. Kuyesera kuponderezedwa kotere kumabweretsa kubwezera, komanso nthawi zina sikokwanira, kuchitapo kanthu.
1. Malinga ndi mtundu womwe umavomerezedwa ndi asayansi aku Ukraine, chilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya chidachokera pakati pa zaka za 10 ndi 5 BC. Ndi mbadwa yochokera ku Sanskrit.
2. Dzinalo "Chiyukireniya" lidayamba kufala pambuyo pa kusintha kwa 1917. Inde, chilankhulo chakumwera chakumwera chakumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Ufumu wa Russia, ngakhale kuchipatula ku Chirasha, chimatchedwa "Ruska", "Prosta Mova", "Little Russian", "Little Russian" kapena "South Russian".
3. Malinga ndi encyclopedia yapadziko lonse lapansi Encarta, Chiyukireniya ndiye chilankhulo cha anthu 47 miliyoni. Kuwerengera kosamala kwambiri kumatenga chiwerengerochi mamiliyoni 35-40. Pafupifupi anthu omwewo amalankhula Chipolishi komanso zilankhulo zingapo ku India ndi Pakistan.
4. Kanema wodziwika bwino kwambiri mchilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya pazaka zonse zodziyimira pawokha adalemba $ 1.92 miliyoni ku box office. Nthabwala "Ukwati Unenedwa" ("Crazy Wedding") amakhalabe mtsogoleri wa bokosilo, ndi bajeti ya $ 400,000.
5. Palibe chikwangwani cholimba mchilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya, koma pali chikwangwani chofewa. Komabe, kusapezeka kwa chikwangwani chokhazikika nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro chopita patsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Chirasha, zimangopangitsa kalembedwe. Pambuyo pakusintha kwa kalembedwe mu 1918 ku Soviet Russia, zilembo "ъ" adazichotsa mokakamiza m'nyumba zosindikizira kuti asasindikize makope ndi mabuku "m'njira zakale" (ndipo kunalibe zilembo zotere pa makina olembera). Mpaka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1930, m'malo mwazizindikiro, zilembo zoyikiratu zidayikidwa m'mabuku, ndipo chilankhulo sichidavutike.
6. Ndizovuta kunena chifukwa chomwe malemu Alexander Balabanov adasankha Chicago kukhala malo opitilira ngwazi Viktor Sukhorukov mu kanema "M'bale 2", koma mawu achiukraine aku Victoria pamaulendo aku America a Viktor Bagrov ndioyenera. Chicago ndi madera ozungulira, ogwirizana ku Cook County, sikuti amangokhala okhala ku Ukraine omwe amakhala kunja kwambiri ku United States. M'chigawo chino, ngati muli ndi wantchito wolankhula Chiyukireniya, mutha kulumikizana ndi oyang'anira matauni aku Ukraine.
7. Nyimbo yaku Chiyukireniya koyamba mpaka pano nthawi yomaliza idakwaniritsa gawo laku Ukraine lakuwonera makanema pa YouTube sabata yatha ya Juni 2018. Kwa sabata limodzi mzere woyamba wa chiwerengerocho udakhala ndi gulu "Kulira" kwa gululi (ku Ukraine gulu loyimba limatchedwa "hert") "Kazka". Nyimboyi idatha sabata limodzi pamwamba.
8. Mawu ochokera mufilimuyi "M'bale 2" akuwonetsa mawonekedwe osangalatsa amawu achiyukireniya. Viktor Bagrov akamadutsa malire ku United States ("Cholinga cha ulendo wanu? - Ah, New York Film Festival!"), Ngakhale wolondera malire waku Ukraine akudzudzula mosamala: "Uli ndi apulo, salO e?" - M'chilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya, "o" osapanikizika sichichepetsedwa ndipo imamveka chimodzimodzi ndi kupsinjika.
9. Ntchito yoyamba yolemba yomwe idasindikizidwa mchilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya inali ndakatulo "Aeneid" yolembedwa ndi Ivan Kotlyarevsky, yofalitsidwa mu 1798. Nayi mizere yochokera mu ndakatulo iyi:
10. Damn, atatu adakula, Ndipo nyanja idabuma mokweza; Adadzithira m'misozi ya Trojans, Eneya amasamalira moyo wake; Onse ophunzitsa rozchuhralo, Bagatsko vіyska adasowa pano; Ndiye ife tiri nazo zonse zana! Yeney afuule, "Ndine ndalama za Neptune Pivkopi m'dzanja la dzuwa, Abi panyanja mkuntho wafa." Monga mukuwonera, m'mawu 44, "chavnik" ("bwato" okha) alibe mizu yaku Russia.
11. Wolemba Ivan Kotlyarevsky amadziwika kuti ndiye woyambitsa chilankhulo cha ku Ukraine komanso munthu amene adanyoza. Matanthauzidwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi momwe ndale zilili. Mwina I.P. ). Kotlyarevsky mwiniyo adalingalira chilankhulo cha ntchito zake ngati "chilankhulo chaching'ono cha Russia".
12. Ngati mu Chirasha zilembo zophatikizidwazo ndizophatikiza kalembedwe, ndiye mu Chiyukireniya zimatanthauzira chimvekedwe chimodzimodzi (kamodzi, koma motalika kwambiri). Ndiye kuti, mawu achiukreniya "tsitsi" samangolembedwa ndi zilembo ziwiri "s", komanso amatchulidwanso "hair-sya". Ndipo mosemphanitsa, mawu ambiri olembedwa mchilankhulochi ndi zilembo ziwiri mu Chiyukireniya amalembedwa ndi amodzi - "kalasi", "trasa", "gulu", "adilesi", etc. Mwa njira, mawu omaliza, monga Chirasha, ili ndi matanthauzo awiri: "malo kapena malo okhala" kapena "moni wokonzedwa bwino kapena pempho." Komabe, mu Chiyukireniya, njira yoyamba ndi "adilesi", ndipo yachiwiri ndi "adilesi".
13. Ngati mungaganizire za mawu okhala ndi zilembo 1,000, momwe zilembo zonse zaku Ukraine zizigwiritsidwira ntchito molingana ndi pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti lembalo lidzakhala ndi zilembo 94 "o", zilembo 72 "a", zilembo 65 "n", zilembo 61 ndi ”(Otchulidwa [s]), makalata 57“ i ”, makalata 55“ t ”, makalata 6“ ϵ ”ndi“ c ”aliyense, ndipo mmodzi“ f ”ndi“ u ”.
14. Maina akuti "Khofi", "kino" ndi "depot" mchilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya sasintha mulinambala komanso milandu, koma "chovala" chimasintha.
Poganizira ndale kwambiri pankhaniyi, kuchuluka ndi nthawi yomwe mawu obwerekera amapezeka mchilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya ndi chifukwa chokambirana mokwiya. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti pafupifupi 40% ya mawu aku Ukraine adalandiridwa kuchokera ku Chijeremani, ngakhale gawo lilipoli ndi Ukraine aliyense sanayerekeze konse ndi Germany m'njira zake zilizonse, makamaka - ndi Ufumu wa Austro-Hungary, ndipo ngakhale kunja kwake ... Kuchokera pa izi, othandizira zopezeka zakale za anthu aku Ukraine monga mtundu, amatha kunena kuti mawuwo adabwerekedwa ngakhale nthawi yathu ino isanakwane, ndipo mawonekedwe awo amalankhula za mphamvu ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa dziko lakale laku Ukraine. Ochirikiza njira "yachifumu" ya mbiri yakale amafotokoza kuchuluka kwakubwerekaku chifukwa choti Chiyukireniya chinapangidwa ndi General General Staff waku Germany kuti agawane Ufumu wa Russia.
Zilankhulo zilipo m'zilankhulo zonse zomwe zimalankhulidwa m'malo akulu. Komabe, zilankhulo za Chiyukireniya zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana potchulira matchulidwe ndi mawu. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kuti nzika za pakati ndi kum'mawa kwa dzikolo zimvetsetse oimira madera akumadzulo.
17. "Misto" - mu "mzinda" waku Ukraine, "nedilia" - "Sunday", ndi "vrodliva" - "wokongola". "Mito" (wotchulidwa [myto]) si "woyera, wosambitsidwa", koma "ntchito".
18. Mu 2016, mabuku 149,000 a ku Ukraine adasindikizidwa ku Ukraine. Mu 1974, chiwerengerocho chinali makope 1.05 miliyoni - kuchepa kopitilira kasanu ndi kawiri.
19. Mafunso ambiri osaka ochokera mdera la Ukraine ndi mafunso achi Russia. Chiwerengero cha ntchito ku Ukraine, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, zili mkati mwa 15-30%.
20. M'chilankhulo cha Chiyukireniya pali mawu oti "maliro" m'modzi - "maliro", koma palibe mawu oti "khomo" mwa amodzi, pali "khomo" lokha.