Isaak Osipovich Dunaevsky (dzina lonse la Itzhak-Ber ben Bezalel-Yosef Dunaevsky; 1900-1955) - Wolemba nyimbo komanso woimba nyimbo waku Soviet. Wolemba ma opereta 11 ndi ma ballets 4, nyimbo zamafilimu ambiri ndi nyimbo zambiri. People's Artist of RSFSR komanso wolandila 2 Stalin Prize (1941, 1951). Wachiwiri kwa Supreme Soviet wa RSFSR pamsonkhano woyamba.
Pali zambiri zosangalatsa mu yonena za Isake Dunaevskogo, amene tikambirana m'nkhani ino.
Kotero, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yochepa ya Dunaevsky.
Wambiri Isake Dunaevskogo
Isaac Dunaevsky anabadwa pa January 18 (30), 1900 m'tawuni ya Lokhvitsa (yomwe tsopano ndi dera la Poltava, Ukraine). Anakulira ndipo anakulira m'banja lachiyuda la Tsale-Yosef Simonovich ndi Rosalia Dunaevskaya. Mutu wa banja ntchito ngati kalaliki wamng'ono banki.
Ubwana ndi unyamata
Isaac anakulira m'banja loimba. Amayi ake adasewera piyano komanso anali ndi luso lotulutsa mawu. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti abale anayi a Dunaevsky nawonso anakhala oimba.
Ngakhale adakali mwana, Isaac adayamba kuwonetsa luso lapadera lanyimbo. Ali ndi zaka 5, amatha kusankha ntchito zingapo zakale ndi khutu, komanso anali ndi talente yophunzitsira.
Pamene Dunaevsky anali pafupi zaka 8, anayamba kuphunzira zezeyo ndi Grigory Polyansky. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, iye ndi banja lake adasamukira ku Kharkov, komwe adayamba kupita kusukulu ya nyimbo m'kalasi ya violin.
Mu 1918, Isaac adamaliza maphunziro ake ku sekondale, ndipo chaka chamawa ku Kharkov Conservatory. Kenako adaphunzira digiri ya zamalamulo.
Nyimbo
Ngakhale unyamata wake, Dunaevsky analota za ntchito nyimbo. Atakhala woyimba zeze wotsimikizika, adapeza ntchito mu gulu loimba. Pasanapite nthawi mnyamatayo anaitanidwa ku zisudzo ku Kharkov, komwe ankagwira ntchito monga woyendetsa komanso wolemba nyimbo.
Inali nthawi imeneyi yonena kuti ntchito ya Isaac Dunaevsky idayamba. Nthawi yomweyo ndi ntchito yake mu bwalo lamasewera, adakamba nkhani zanyimbo, anali mtsogoleri wa magwiridwe antchito ankhondo, adathandizana ndi zofalitsa zosiyanasiyana, komanso adatsegula mabwalo azoyimba m'magulu ankhondo.
Pambuyo pake, Isaac adapatsidwa udindo woyang'anira dipatimenti yoimba nyimbo m'chigawochi. Mu 1924 adakhazikika ku Moscow, komwe anali ndi chiyembekezo chokulirapo.
Pa nthawi yomweyo Dunaevsky udindo wa mutu wa Hermitage Theatre, ndiyeno mutu wa Zotengera Theatre. Kuchokera pansi pa cholembera chake adatulutsa opereta yoyamba - "Mkwati" ndi "Mpeni". Mu 1929 adasamukira ku Leningrad, komwe adagwira ntchito yolemba komanso kuyang'anira wamkulu wa Music Hall.
Kupanga koyamba kwa "Odyssey", kuyimbidwa ndi nyimbo za Isaac Dunaevsky ndikuyimira zoseweretsa, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo kudaletsedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, mgwirizano wake wobala zipatso ndi Leonid Utesov udayamba.
Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti pamodzi ndi director Grigory Aleksandrov, Isaak Osipovich adakhala woyambitsa mtundu wa comedical Soviet. Pulojekiti yawo yoyamba yopanga nawo "Merry Guys" (1934), pomwe chidwi chake chidaperekedwa munyimbo, adatchuka kwambiri ndikukhala akatswiri owonetsa kanema waku Russia.
Pambuyo pake, Dunaevsky adathandizira kuti pakhale zojambula ngati "Circus", "Volga-Volga", "Light Path", ndi zina zambiri. Ndizodabwitsa kuti nayenso adagwira nawo ntchito yolemba mafilimu.
Mu nthawi ya 1937-1941. mwamunayo adatsogolera Leningrad Union of Composers. Ndi anthu ochepa chabe amene amadziwa kuti adakhalabe paubwenzi ndi Mikhail Bulgakov.
Ali ndi zaka 38, Isaac Dunaevsky adakhala wachiwiri wa Supreme Soviet ya RSFSR. Pakadali pano, amabwerera kukalemba ma opereta. Pa Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) adatumikira monga director of the song and dance ensemble of Railway, akupereka ma concert m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya USSR.
Nyimbo "My Moscow", yomwe idayimbidwa ndi dziko lonselo, inali yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa omvera aku Soviet. Mu 1950 Dunaevsky adapatsidwa ulemu wa People's Artist wa RSFSR.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale amakonda dziko lonse komanso udindo wapamwamba, mbuye nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zovuta zomwe zidalipo nthawi imeneyo. Ntchito zake zambiri zidaletsedwa chifukwa zidalembedwa pazolinga zachiyuda.
Moyo waumwini
Kwa zaka zambiri za moyo wake, Isaac Dunaevsky adakwatiwa kawiri. Wosankhidwa woyamba anali Maria Shvetsova, koma mgwirizano wawo sunakhalitse.
Pambuyo pake, mnyamatayo adatenga ballerina Zinaida Sudeikina kukhala mkazi wake. Pambuyo pake, banjali lidakhala ndi mwana wawo woyamba, Eugene, yemwe adzakhale waluso mtsogolo.
Ndi chikhalidwe chake, Isaki anali munthu wokonda kwambiri, chifukwa anali muubwenzi ndi azimayi osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza wovina Natalya Gayarina ndi wochita sewero Lydia Smirnova.
M'zaka za nkhondo, Dunaevsky adayamba chibwenzi chodabwitsa ndi ballerina Zoya Pashkova. Zotsatira za ubale wawo zinali kubadwa kwa mnyamatayo Maxim, yemwe mtsogolomo adzakhalanso wolemba nyimbo wotchuka.
Imfa
Isaac Dunaevsky anamwalira pa Julayi 25, 1955 ali ndi zaka 55. Chifukwa cha imfa yake chinali kupwetekedwa mtima. Pali mitundu yomwe woimbayo akuti adadzipha kapena adaphedwa ndi anthu osadziwika. Komabe, palibe zowona zotsimikizira izi.
Chithunzi ndi Isaac Dunaevsky
