Georgy Danelia

Georgy Nikolaevich Daneliya (1930-2019) - Woyang'anira makanema waku Soviet ndi Russia, wolemba masewero komanso wolemba mbiri. Ojambula Anthu a USSR. Mphoto Zapadziko Lonse za USSR ndi Russian Federation.

Danelia adawombera makanema odziwika bwino monga "Ndikuyenda Kupita ku Moscow", "Mimino", "Afonya" ndi "Kin-Dza-Dza", omwe asandulika kukhala kanema wakale waku Soviet.

Pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa mu mbiri ya Danelia, yomwe tidzakambirane m'nkhani ino.

Chifukwa chake, patsogolo panu pali mbiri yayifupi ya George Danelia.

Mbiri ya Danelia

Georgy Danelia adabadwa pa Ogasiti 25, 1930 ku Tbilisi. Bambo ake, Nikolai Dmitrievich, ankagwira ntchito ku Metrostroy ya Moscow. Amayi, Mary Ivlianovna, poyamba ankagwira ntchito zachuma, kenako anayamba kuwombera ku Mosfilm.

Ubwana ndi unyamata

Kukonda makanema ojambula ku George ndi amayi ake, komanso amalume ake a Mikhail Chiaureli ndi azakhali a Veriko Anjaparidze, omwe anali People's Artists of the Soviet Union.

Pafupifupi onse aubwana wa Danelia adakhala ku Moscow, komwe makolo ake adasamukira chaka chotsatira mwana wawo atabadwa. Ku likulu, amayi ake adakhala oyang'anira opanga bwino, motero adapatsidwa mphoto ya 1 ya Stalin Prize.

Kumayambiriro kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse (1941-1945), banja lawo lidasamukira ku Tbilisi, koma patatha zaka zingapo adabwerera ku Moscow.

Atamaliza sukulu, George adalowa ku sukulu ya zomangamanga, yomwe adaphunzira ku 1955. Atalandira dipuloma yake, adagwira ntchito kwa miyezi ingapo ku Institute for Urban Design, koma tsiku lililonse adazindikira kuti akufuna kulumikiza moyo wake ndi kanema.

Chaka chotsatira Danelia adaganiza zopanga Advanced Directing Courses, zomwe zidamuthandiza kuti adziwe zambiri zothandiza.

Makanema

Danelia adawonekera pazenera lalikulu ali mwana. Ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 12, adasewera gawo la kanema mu "Georgy Saakadze". Pambuyo pake, adawoneka kangapo m'mazithunzi ojambula ngati anthu ochepa.

Ntchito yoyamba yowongolera a Georgy Danelia inali filimu yayifupi "Vasisualy Lokhankin". Popita nthawi, mnyamatayo adapeza ntchito ngati director ku Mosfilm.

Mu 1960, kuwonetsedwa koyamba kwa kanema wa Danelia "Seryozha" kudachitika, komwe adapambana mphotho zingapo za kanema. Pambuyo pazaka 4, adapereka nthabwala yotchuka "Ndikuyenda Kudzera ku Moscow", yomwe idamupangitsa kutchuka-Union.

Mu 1965, Georgy Nikolayevich adawombera sewero lodziwika bwino loti "makumi atatu ndi atatu", pomwe adatsogolera Yevgeny Leonov. Pambuyo pa tepi iyi pomwe talente yoseketsa ya director idagwiritsidwa ntchito munkhani ya Wick, yomwe mwamunayo adawombera pafupifupi tchuthi khumi ndi ziwiri.

Pambuyo pake, zithunzi "Musalire", "Kutaya kwathunthu" ndi "Mimino" zidawonekera pazenera lalikulu. Ntchito yomalizayi idatchuka kwambiri ndipo amaonabe kuti ndi kanema wakale waku Soviet. Omvera adakondwera ndi magwiridwe a Vakhtang Kikabidze ndi Frunzik Mkrtchyan.

Nthawi imeneyo yonena, Daneliya anatsogolera zoopsa Athos, amene anafotokoza za moyo wa plumber wamba.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mu 1975 kanemayo anali mtsogoleri pakugawana - owonera 62.2 miliyoni. Mu 1979, "nthabwala zachisoni" "Autumn Marathon" zidawonekera pazenera, pomwe udindo waukulu wamwamuna udapita kwa Oleg Basilashvili.

Mu 1986, a Georgy Danelia adawonetsa kanema wosangalatsa "Kin-dza-dza!", Yemwe sasiya kutchuka kwake. Kugwiritsa ntchito zopeka zasayansi mu tragicomedy zinali zachilendo ku Soviet cinema. Mawu ambiri a ngwazi mwachangu adatchuka pakati pa anthu, ndipo ambiri adagwiritsa ntchito "Ku" yotchuka ngati moni ndi anzawo.

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, a Danelia adaganizira za ntchito yake yabwino kwambiri kanema "Misozi Idali Kugwa", yomwe sinatchuka kwambiri. Makhalidwe ofunika adasewera ndi Evgeny Leonov. Pamene ngwaziyo inagundidwa ndi kachidutswa kagalasi lamatsenga, adayamba kuzindikira zoyipa za anthu, zomwe anali asanazisamalire.

M'zaka za m'ma 90, Georgy Danelia adapanga makanema atatu: "Nastya", "Mitu ndi Mchira" ndi "Pasipoti". Ntchito izi mu 1997 iye anali kupereka State Prize la Russia. A Danelia nawonso adalemba nawo nthabwala "Gentlemen of Fortune" komanso tepi ya Chaka Chatsopano "Mfalansa".

Mu 2000, Georgy Nikolayevich adapereka nthabwala "Fortune", ndipo patatha zaka 13 adawombera chojambula "Ku! Kin-Dza-Dza! ". Chosangalatsa ndichakuti kuyambira 1965 mpaka imfa yake, wosewera Yevgeny Leonov adayang'ana m'mafilimu onse ambuye.

Masewero

Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera, a Danelia adakondanso nyimbo, zojambula ndi kujambula. Masukulu awiri - National Cinematic Arts ndi Nika - adamusankha kukhala wophunzira wawo.

Kwa zaka zambiri za mbiri yake yolenga, Georgy Danelia walandila mphotho zambiri m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Adalandira mphotho zingapo, kuphatikiza "Nika", "Golden Ram", "Crystal Globe", "Triumph", "Golden Eagle" ndi ena ambiri.

Kuyambira 2003, mwamunayo adakhala tcheyamani wa George Danelia Foundation, yomwe idadzipangira cholinga chothandizira kupititsa patsogolo kanema waku Russia.

Mu 2015, maziko adakhazikitsa ntchito yatsopano, Cinema mu Theatre, yomwe inali ndi makanema otchuka amakanema. Olemba polojekitiyi adaganiza zoyambitsa njira zosinthira kujambula zisudzo.

Moyo waumwini

Pa moyo wake, Danelia anakwatiwa katatu. Mkazi wake woyamba anali mwana wamkazi wa Wachiwiri kwa Nduna ya Makampani a Mafuta Irina Gizburg, yemwe adakwatirana naye mu 1951.

Ukwatiwu udatha pafupifupi zaka 5. Nthawi imeneyi, banjali linali ndi mtsikana wotchedwa Svetlana, yemwe adzakhale loya mtsogolo.

Pambuyo pake, George anakwatira Ammayi Lyubov Sokolova, koma ukwatiwu sunalembetsedwe. Pambuyo pake, banjali lidakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna, Nikolai. Atakhala ndi Lyubov kwa zaka pafupifupi 27, Danelia adaganiza zomusiya kwa mkazi wina.

Kachitatu, Georgy Nikolaevich anakwatira wojambula komanso wotsogolera Galina Yurkova. Mkaziyo anali wochepera zaka 14 kuposa mwamuna wake.

Ali mnyamata, mwamunayo anali ndi chibwenzi ndi wolemba Victoria Tokareva, koma nkhaniyi sinabwerepo.

M'zaka za zana la 21, Danelia adasindikiza mabuku 6 ofotokoza mbiri ya anthu: "Stowaway Passenger", "The Toasted One Drinks to the Bottom", "Chito Grito", "Gentlemen of Fortune and Other Film Scripts", "Osalira!" ndipo "Mphaka wapita, koma kumwetulira kumatsalira."

Imfa

George anamwalira koyamba kuchipatala mu 1980. Chifukwa cha izi anali peritonitis, yomwe idasokoneza ntchito yamtima.

Miyezi ingapo asanamwalire, mkuluyu anaikidwa m'chipatala ndi chibayo. Pofuna kuti azipuma bwino, madokotala anamuuza kuti akomoke, koma izi sizinathandize.

Georgy Nikolaevich Danelia anamwalira pa Epulo 4, 2019 ali ndi zaka 88. Imfa idachitika chifukwa chomangidwa kwamtima.